气相色谱-质谱法测定自来水中15种有机污染物

目的:探讨气相色谱-质谱法测定自来水中15种有机污染物的分析方法。方法:自来水中的15种有机污染物经过C18固相萃取柱富集,用乙酸乙酯和二氯甲烷洗脱浓缩,DB-5MS毛细管色谱柱分离,气相色谱-质谱联用仪检测,采用全扫描和选择离子方式同时扫描,通过目标组份的质谱图和保留时间与标准品的的质谱图和保留时间作对照进行定性,内标法单离子定量。结果:样品加标回收率在72%～130%之间,相对标准偏差在1.00%～4.35%之间,检出限在0.0014μg/ml～0.045μg/ml之间。结论:实验结果表明,该方法除测定苯并[α]芘检出限较高外,测定其它14种有机污染物的各项技术指标均能满足检测要求。     

油墨生产工人神经行为功能影响的研究

目的　探讨油墨生产操作工人长时间职业性接触多种有机溶剂后 ,对其神经行为功能的影响。方法　采用WHO推荐的神经行为核心测试组合 (NCTB) ,对 69名油墨操作工人和 72名对照者的情绪状态 (POMS)、简单视觉运动反应时、数字广度、圣他·安娜提转敏捷度、数字译码、Benton视觉保留、目标追踪测试Ⅱ等进行测试并对测试结果进行比较分析。结果　油墨车间空气多种有机溶剂浓度中位数均低于国家有关标准 ;除数字广度一项外 ,暴露组大多数测试项得分与对照组相比差异无显著意义 ;有机溶剂暴露时间长短与各测试项目得分无明显关系。结论　同时职业性接触多种低浓度有机溶剂的油墨工人 ,其神经行为功能未见明显影响     

城市垃圾堆肥有机碳测定方法的比较

探讨垃圾堆肥中混杂的未烧尽的煤炭对有机碳测定造成的干扰。方法：采用经典的Ｋ２Ｃｒ２Ｏ７容量法和稀释热法垃圾堆肥有机碳进行了比较测定。结果和结论：稀释热法可减少垃圾中的煤炭对分析结果的影响。     

High expression of organic anion transporter 2 and organic cation transporter 2 is an independent predictor of good outcomes in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with FOLFOX-based chemotherapy

Although metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is commonly treated with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)/leucovorin/oxaliplatin (FOLFOX), their response to FOLFOX varies, and no biomarkers predictive of treatment outcome have been validated. Organic anion transporter 2 (OAT2) and organic cation transporter 2 (OCT2) are critical determinants in uptake of 5-FU and oxaliplatin, respectively. In this study, we evaluated whether OAT2 and OCT2 levels can predict effectiveness of FOLFOX-based therapy. We retrospectively assessed 90 patients with mCRC who were treated with first-line FOLFOX with or without bevacizumab. We immunohistochemically determined OAT2 and OCT2 expression levels at invasion fronts of their tumors and correlated the levels to clinicopathological parameters, including objective tumor response (OTR) and progression-free survival (PFS). High expression of OAT2 (OAT2^High) and OCT2 (OCT2^High) were detected in 36% and 60% of the tumors, respectively. OCT2^High was significantly associated with invasion depth (P=0.03), whereas OAT2^High was not associated with any clinicopathological parameters. In univariate analysis, OAT2^High was significantly correlated with good OTR (P=0.02), and OCT2^High with long PFS (P=0.03). Multivariate analyses showed that OAT2^High and OCT2^High, respectively, were the sole independent predictors of good OTR (P=0.02) and long PFS (P=0.03). We found that patients with OAT2^High/OCT2^High showed the best treatment outcomes (good OTR and long PFS) with significantly higher frequency than patients with other expression patterns (P=0.003). OAT2^High/OCT2^High status was also the only independent predictive factor in multivariate analysis. This study suggests that OAT2^High and OCT2^High are important independent predictors of good outcomes in FOLFOX-treated mCRC.     

Etiopathological Study of 100 Patients of Hoarseness of Voice: In a Rural Based Hospital

Hoarseness of voice is one of the commonest symptoms in otolaryngological practice and it indicates diseases ranging from totally benign condition to the most malignant condition. This is a study to know the etiology, predisposing factor, and clinical profile of patients having hoarseness of voice. The study was carried out in the department of ENT, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sewagram. Patients coming to our OPD were selected. All the patients then underwent detailed history and routine investigations. Stroboscopic evaluation was done to reach to a diagnosis. A total of 100 patients having hoarseness of voice with male to female ratio 1.50:1 were analysed. Age group varied from 12 to 82 years. Largest group comprised of labourer (33 %) followed by house wives (30 %) and vocal paralysis was found in 33 % of the cases. Upper respiratory tract infection (24 %) and smoking (33 %) were found to be the common predisposing factors. Functional disorders were found in 14 % of the cases.     

药学专业有机化学虚拟实验室学习平台的构建与应用研究

结合高职高专药学专业有机化学实验特点,探讨了构建有机化学虚拟实验室教学平台的必要性和可行性：探讨了构建有机化学虚拟实验室教学平台的原则、思路、方法和内容;设计了有机化学虚拟实验室网站操作界面的整体布局。实践证明,通过进入有机化学虚拟实验室的学习,提高了学生的学习兴趣,培养了实验动手能力和实践能力,有力推动了有机化学实验教学的改革和教学质量的提高。     

三峡库区及重庆主城区蓄水前后水中持久性有毒物质的污染及变化趋势

为系统检测三峡库区蓄水前后水中持久性有毒物质（PTS）污染状况变化,本课题组于三峡水库蓄水前（2000-2002年）、蓄水中（2002-2004年）和蓄水后（2004-2008年）,选择重庆主城区及三峡库区上、中、下游7个监测水域断面,首次对三峡库区水体中有机污染物、重金属、同位素和藻类毒素等PTS进行了系统动态监测。结果表明上述污染物总体含量均很低,或远小于国家有关环境标准限值,主要持久性有机污染物（POPs）为酞酸酯类和多环芳烃类。健康风险评估结果显示,水源水中检出频率最高的6种POPs由饮水途径所致个人健康年风险介于2.79×10^-10～4.44×10^-13.a-1的范围,年总风险为3.70×10^-10.a^-1,远低于ICRP推荐的最大可接受值5.0×10^-5.a^-1,说明2008年底以前三峡库区水质是比较稳定的,但今后应继续加强三峡库区水中PTS污染状况的动态监测。     

乳化溶剂挥发法及在微囊化制剂中的应用

许多方法和技术被用来制备聚合物微粒。制备方法决定微粒的种类和粒径,影响微粒组成物之间的作用力。微囊化制剂不仅可以达到缓释及控释药物的作用,还可以掩盖药物的不良气味及口味,防止药物的降解,减少药物的毒副作用等。聚合物载体被广泛地应用于微粒的制备,可分为生物降解及非降解型。本文主要综述近几年乳化溶剂挥发法的作用特点及其制备的微粒制剂的研究进展。     

毛细管气相色谱法检查盐酸美普他酚原料药中10种残留溶剂

目的:建立了测定盐酸美普他酚原料药中正己烷、正庚烷、四氢呋喃、乙酸乙酯、甲醇、异丙醇、乙醇、乙腈、甲苯和乙苯10种溶剂残留量的分析方法。方法:采用毛细管气相色谱法,以N,N-二甲基甲酰胺为溶剂,丙酮为内标。色谱柱为DB-WAX,进样口温度为250℃,氢火焰离子化检测器温度为250℃,程序升温。结果:10种残留溶剂在考察的浓度范围内线性关系良好,r为0.9981～0.9999;平均加样回收率为94.7%～106.0%(RSD=1.2%～4.0%)。结论:该方法操作简单、方法灵敏、结果准确,可用于盐酸美普他酚原料药中残留溶剂检查。     

盐酸奥普力农中有机溶剂残留量的毛细管气相色谱法测定

建立了毛细管气相色谱法测定盐酸奥普力农中的丙酮、四氢呋喃、乙酸乙酯、甲醇、乙醇、正丁醇和N,N-二甲基甲酰胺7种有机溶剂的残留量.采用INNOWax毛细管色谱柱,FID检测器,程序升温.7种溶剂在一定浓度范围内线性关系良好,回收率为95％～103％,RSD小于2％.