Clinical Cybersecurity Training Through Novel High-Fidelity Simulations

Background

Cybersecurity risks in health care systems have traditionally been measured in data breaches of protected health information, but compromised medical devices and critical medical infrastructure present risks of disruptions to patient care. The ubiquitous prevalence of connected medical devices and systems may be associated with an increase in these risks.

Inclined position is associated with improved first pass success and laryngoscopic view in prehospital endotracheal intubations

Purpose

In hospital-based studies, patients intubated by physicians while in an inclined position compared to supine position had a higher rate of first pass success and lower rate of peri-intubation complications. We evaluated the impact of patient positioning on prehospital endotracheal intubation in an EMS system with rapid sequence induction capability. We hypothesized that patients in the inclined position would have a higher first-pass success rate.

Selecting a Medical School Advisor

Having an advisor offers medical students many advantages, including increased likelihood of matching into their top choices. Interestingly, students who choose emergency medicine (EM) as a specialty are more likely to seek advising. However, finding and optimally utilizing an EM faculty advisor is often challenging for the medical student. In this article, we tackle the different ways to seek advising, including the ‘virtual advisor program’ implemented by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine, the ‘e-Advisor Program’ instigated by the Clerkship Director in EM Group, the ‘member exclusive mentorship program’ of the Emergency Medicine Residency Association, as well as peer-based mentoring. More so, we discuss the consensus recommendations developed by the Student Advising Task Force to guide both students planning to apply to EM and their advisors to ensure high-caliber advising.     

基本医疗保险70年:从无到有实现人群基本全覆盖

新中国成立70年以来，政府在医疗保险领域做了大量的努力，尤其是进入21世纪以来，基本医疗保险制度实现了人群基本全覆盖，各项制度筹资水平和保障水平不断提高，城镇居民医疗服务利用水平和健康水平明显提高。中国基本医疗保险发展的基本经验可以表述为选择了社会保险的模式，遵循了全覆盖、保基本、多层次、可持续的原则。本文认为当前基本医疗保险应发挥核心作用，商业健康保险提供差异化、多样性的医保服务；面临的医保二元结构等问题，可通过职工家庭联保和属地参保来增加职工参保人减少居民参保人，实现全民统一覆盖、平等且充分的目标。     

Measuring spatio-temporal accessibility to emergency medical services through big GPS data

Medical accessibility is an important indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of public health services. However, the previous medical accessibility studies mainly focus on spatial accessibility without considering temporal variation in population distribution which is significant for evaluating access to emergency medical service (EMS). This paper proposes a model of spatio-temporal accessibility to EMS called ST-E2SFCA based on adapting the enhanced two-step floating catchment area (E2SFCA) method. We apply our method to the greater Tokyo area for a large volume of GPS dataset with millions of users and compare the accessibility difference over space and time. To evaluate our model, we also analyze the distinction of our model over different weight sets and compare the performance of ST-E2SFCA with the traditional E2SFCA. The result shows that our method can illustrate the temporal difference and is suitable for measuring the spatio-temporal accessibility to EMS, thus can guide the hospital location selection and urban planning.     

中药理论背后的隐性知识

历代本草著作均为博物之作，中药理论的形成与发展受多方面因素影响。传统文化中的鸟文化与禽类药物理论、饮食文化与滑类药物理论关系密切。药物在传统手工业、加工业及日常生活中的应用，同样影响到中药理论的形成与发展。文献学知识及实地采集辨识药物也是理解学习中药理论的基础。     

Translation and validation of the Canadian diabetes risk assessment questionnaire in China

Objectives

To adapt the Canadian Diabetes Risk Assessment Questionnaire for the Chinese population and to evaluate its psychometric properties.

Design and Sample

A cross‐sectional study was conducted with a convenience sample of 194 individuals aged 35–74 years from October 2014 to April 2015.

Methods

The Canadian Diabetes Risk Assessment Questionnaire was adapted and translated for the Chinese population. Test–retest reliability was conducted to measure stability. Criterion and convergent validity of the adapted questionnaire were assessed using 2‐hr 75 g oral glucose tolerance tests and the Finnish Diabetes Risk Scores, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity were evaluated to establish its predictive validity.

Results

The test–retest reliability was 0.988. Adequate validity of the adapted questionnaire was demonstrated by positive correlations found between the scores and 2‐hr 75 g oral glucose tolerance tests (r = .343, p < .001) and with the Finnish Diabetes Risk Scores (r = .738, p < .001). The area under receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.705 (95% CI .632, .778), demonstrating moderate diagnostic value at a cutoff score of 30. The sensitivity was 73%, with a positive predictive value of 57% and negative predictive value of 78%.

Conclusions

Our results provided evidence supporting the translation consistency, content validity, convergent validity, criterion validity, sensitivity, and specificity of the translated Canadian Diabetes Risk Assessment Questionnaire with minor modifications. This paper provides clinical, practical, and methodological information on how to adapt a diabetes risk calculator between cultures for public health nurses.