海洛因依赖者戒毒中应用护理程序的研究

目的:探讨护理程序对戒毒病人的护理模式,以促进病人积极参与戒毒,减轻戒断症状及改善吸毒导致生理、心理、社会的危害。方法:对应用护理程序工作方法的护理效果进行SPSS11.5统计分析。结果:开展后住院病人意外事件及暴力行为的发生率比开展前显著性降低,实施心理卫生教育后病人对毒品危害性及相关知识认识水平显著提高。结论:通过应用护理程序的工作方法能帮助病人进步且朝向预定目标,为病人走上康复之道打下基础。     

Normal cerebral perfusion measurements using arterial spin labeling: reproducibility, stability, and age and gender effects.

Before meaningful conclusions can be drawn from clinical measures of cerebral blood perfusion, the precision of the measurement must be determined and set in the context of inter- and intrasubject sources of variability. This work establishes the reproducibility of perfusion measurements using the noninvasive MRI technique of continuous arterial spin labeling (CASL). Perfusion was measured in 34 healthy normal subjects. Intersubject variability was assessed, and age and gender contributions were estimated. Intersubject variation was found to be large, with up to 100% perfusion difference for subjects of the same age and gender. Repeated measurements in one subject showed that perfusion remains remarkably stable in the short term when compared with intersubject variation and the large capacity for perfusion change in the brain. A significant decrease in the ratio of gray-matter to white-matter perfusion was found with increasing age (0.79% per year (P < 0.0005)). This appears to be due mainly to a reduction in gray-matter perfusion, which was found to decrease by 0.45% per year (P = 0.04). Regional analysis suggested that the gray-matter age-related changes were predominantly localized in the frontal cortex. Whole-brain perfusion was 13% higher (P = 0.02) in females compared to males.     

护理程序在临床教学中的应用

把护理程序运用于临床教学中 ,提高护生的综合素质 ,培养实用型高素质护理人才。通过对护生社会心理状态及学习情况的评估 ,确定知识目标、技能目标、素质目标 ,然后分别组织实施 ,最后作出综合评价。结果显示 ,运用护理程序进行带教后 ,护生的专科知识、技能、服务意识都有了全面的提高 ,同时也培养了护理人员运用护理程序实施带教的能力。揭示 :护理程序在临床教学中的应用具有科学性和实用性 ,值得进一步推广。     

浅析中专护生文化休克的护理策略

文化休克(culture shock),又译为文化震撼或文化震惊,是指生活在某一种文化环境中的人初次进入到另一种文化环境,如到了不同的民族、社会群体中或地区甚至国家时所产生的思想混乱与心理上精神紧张综合征。新入校中专护生,由于文化环境的改变,往往会出现孤独、焦虑、无助等文化休克的种种表现,这些现象若不能及时得到解决,将不利于他们的全面健康状态的成长与发展。众所周知,WHO明确规定,健康不但是没有疾病和身体缺陷,还要有完整的生理、心理状态和良好的社会适应能力。因此,新入校中专护生这一特殊群体所产生的文化休克现象应引起学校有…     

Correlation with age and sex of flash-evoked electroretinogram and retinal oscillatory potentials recorded with skin electrodes

Electroretinograms and retinal oscillatory potentials to full-field flash stimulation were recorded by dermal electrodes in a population of subjects (1 to 84 yrs) balanced for age and sex (119 females, 133 males), without evidence or history of ocular and/or relevant systemic diseases. The electroretinogram latencies and b-wave amplitude increased, while the a-wave amplitude decreased linearly with age. The oscillatory potential amplitude initially increased, to decrease approximately at the age of 50, with an inverted U-shaped distribution.Presented in part at the XXV ISCEV Symposium, Sarasota (Florida), April 26–30, 1987.     

Nurse Migration from a Source Country Perspective: Philippine Country Case Study

Objectives. To describe nurse migration patterns in the Philippines and their benefits and costs.
Principal Findings. The Philippines is a job-scarce environment and, even for those with jobs in the health care sector, poor working conditions often motivate nurses to seek employment overseas. The country has also become dependent on labor migration to ease the tight domestic labor market. National opinion has generally focused on the improved quality of life for individual migrants and their families, and on the benefits of remittances to the nation. However, a shortage of highly skilled nurses and the massive retraining of physicians to become nurses elsewhere has created severe problems for the Filipino health system, including the closure of many hospitals. As a result, policy makers are debating the need for new policies to manage migration such that benefits are also returned to the educational institutions and hospitals that are producing the emigrant nurses.
Conclusions and Recommendations. There is new interest in the Philippines in identifying ways to mitigate the costs to the health system of nurse emigration. Many of the policy options being debated involve collaboration with those countries recruiting Filipino nurses. Bilateral agreements are essential for managing migration in such a way that both sending and receiving countries derive benefit from the exchange.     

Growth, bone maturation and pubertal development in children with the EMG-syndrome

In 7 patients (5 girls, 2 boys) with the EMG or Wiedemann-Beckwith syndrome, statural growth, bone age (BA), weight and pubertal development were studied longitudinally. Height was above the 90th percentile (%) for chronological age (CA) after age 2 years, reaching an average of 2.5 SD above the mean at or after puberty. Adult or attained height also exceeded significantly (P<0.015) parental (genetic) target height by 13.2 cm on the average. In one girl, adult height prognosis (190 cm) could be reduced to an adult height of 183 cm by high-dose estrogen treatment. In most children, growth velocity remained above the 90th % up to 4–6 years of age and normalized thereafter. In all patients studied, bone age was markedly advanced and particularly so during the first 4 years after birth. Weight was above the 90th–97th % during infancy and early childhood and remained there, appropriate or slightly subnormal for height, until adulthood, except for 3 girls who reached and maintained the 50th % during or after puberty. Spontaneous pubertal development occurred within normal limits for CA and around the 50th % for BA. Except for the marked bone age acceleration, the reason for the increased statural growth and adult height in patients with the EMG syndrome is still unknown.     

护理记录缺陷分析及干预对策

目的 为了提高护理质量。方法 采用随机抽查500份护理记录的分析方法。结果 发现有种种缺陷118份（26．3％），共178例次。结论 以卫生部颁布的标准为准则，分析缺陷产生的原因，最后以人为本采取加强护士的法律知识学习，业务技术提升，质控队伍建设和医护、护护、护患关系沟通等措施，达到最大限度地减少护理缺陷，全面提高护理质量。     

Inadequate dietary magnesium intake increases atherosclerotic plaque development in rabbits

Epidemiological studies have shown dietary magnesium (Mg) intake and serum Mg levels to be inversely correlated with the development of atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that low levels of Mg would promote atherosclerotic plaque development in rabbits. New Zealand white rabbits (4 months old, n = 22) were fed an atherogenic diet containing 0.12% (−Mg), 0.27% (control), or 0.43% (+Mg) Mg for 8 weeks. Blood samples were obtained at baseline, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks and were assayed for total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), non-HDL, triglycerides (TG), C-reactive protein, serum Mg, and erythrocyte Mg. Aortas from −Mg had significantly more plaque, with an intima thickness 42% greater than control and 36% greater than +Mg. Serum cholesterol levels rose over time, and at 8 weeks, −Mg had the highest and +Mg the lowest total and non-HDL cholesterol and TG levels, although these results did not reach significance. Over time, serum Mg levels increased, and erythrocyte Mg levels decreased. C-reactive protein significantly increased in all groups at 4 and 6 weeks but returned to baseline levels by 8 weeks. This study supports the hypothesis that inadequate intake of Mg results in an increase in atherosclerotic plaque development in rabbits.     

慢性丝虫病患者的心理障碍及护理对策

目的 :探讨慢性丝虫病患者发生心理障碍的相关因素。方法 :用问卷、交谈和观察法对慢性丝虫病 14 0例进行调查分析。结果 :患者中忧郁自卑型 87例 ,占 6 2 % ,消极悲观型 12 0例 ,占 85 % ,焦虑紧张型 35例 ,占 2 5 % ,有对抗情绪 5例 ,占 3 6 %。结论 :在慢性丝虫病患者中心理障碍的产生有不同原因 ,存在个体差异