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91.
P Bebbington 《Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica》1987,75(6):640-650
Data are presented from the English national statistics for first admissions with affective disorders during the years 1982-1985. Overall rates per 10(5) of the population aged over 15 years were 36.1 for men and 59.1 for women. The peak incidence for depressive neurosis was middle adulthood, that for affective psychosis much later. The widowed and divorced showed much higher rates than the single and married for all types of disorder. Marriage appeared less protective for women than for men. The age-incidence relationship among the divorced and widowed was exaggerated for depressive neurosis and reversed for psychosis. The results are interpreted in terms of a (possibly biological) releasing effect of age upon affective psychosis that could be overwhelmed by severely adverse social circumstances. The findings support the validity of the distinction between affective psychoses and depressive neurosis. 相似文献
92.
[目的]探讨医疗保险个人账户是否有存在的必要性。[方法]将方案设计的初衷与实际运行相比较分析。[结果]医疗保险个人帐户约束和积累作用发挥得不理想,在一定程度上抑制了老年人和陵性病患者的医疗需要。从我国国民的心理承受力和国民素质及解决人口老龄化时支付危机等方面的考虑,笔者认为在现阶段有其存在的必要。[结论]应采取扩大覆盖对象,调整使用范围,取消退休人员个人账户,加强对供方的管理以及其它配套措施来进一步完善。 相似文献
93.
94.
论高校大学生绿色网络环境的营造 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
黄夕彪 《中国医学教育技术》2006,20(5):382-384
介绍了网络文化的迅猛发展对高校大学生的学习方式、生活方式、交往方式产生了巨大冲击,尤其对大学生的身心发展产生了不可忽视的消极影响。指出在高校信息化校园建设中,要加强网络文明的建设,提倡和重视绿色网络,并且从高校大学生的实际出发,努力营造一个健康、文明、有序、安全、具有活力、没有污染的绿色网络环境。 相似文献
95.
P. E. Langdon A. Swift & R. Budd 《Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR》2006,50(11):828-836
Background The social climate of inpatient facilities is thought to be an important contributor to treatment outcome. However, little research has focused on this construct within secure forensic services for people with intellectual disabilities (ID). Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the social climate of two different types of secure units (‘low’ secure vs. ‘medium’ secure) contained within the same facility for offenders with ID. Two hypotheses were generated: (1) residents would rate the social climate of the whole facility in a more negative direction than staff, and (2) residents and staff would rate the social climate of the ‘low’ secure unit in a more positive direction than that of the ‘medium’ secure unit. Method Using a 2 (factor ‘Participant’ = Staff or Resident) × 2 (factor ‘Unit’ = ‘Low’ or ‘Medium’ Secure Unit) between‐subjects design, 18 residents and 37 staff members were recruited and completed the Correctional Institutions Environment Scale (CIES), a measure of social climate. Results Residents tended to rate the units in a more positive direction than staff on some sub‐scales. Participants rated the ‘low’ secure unit in a more positive direction than the ‘medium’ secure unit on two sub‐scales of the CIES. However, on selected sub‐scales there were differences. The findings of this study suggest that the CIES may be a valid instrument for use within forensic services for people with ID, and further suggests that residents and staff have different perceptions of the shared social climate, which may have implications for service development. 相似文献
96.
艺术嗓音歌声客观评价初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的探讨客观评价艺术嗓音歌声的方法。方法对48名声乐专业青年大学生录制专业训练歌声信号,提取歌声平均能量、频率误差、音域误差作为评价参数,使用神经网络方法和多元线性回归方法客观评价歌声质量,并与资深专业教师的主观评价进行比较。结果客观评价歌声质量的方法中,神经网络方法误差在4%之内,而线性回归方法误差在6%之内,前者较优。结论神经网络方法利用评价参数能正确客观评价歌声质量,有助于科学地指导选拔和训练艺术嗓音人才。 相似文献
97.
Leena Forma Pekka Rissanen Anja Noro Jani Raitanen Marja Jylhä 《European journal of ageing》2007,4(3):145-154
This study focuses on differences in health and social service use in the last 2 years of life among Finnish people aged 70–79,
80–89, and 90 or older and on the variation in service use in the various municipalities. The data set, derived from multiple
national registers, consists of 75,578 people who died in 1998–2001. The services included hospitals and long-term-care facilities,
use of regular home care, and prescribed medicines. General hospital and public long-term care were the services most commonly
used: general hospitals for younger age groups and public long-term care for older groups. The number of inpatient days in
hospital was lower with increasing age, but older age groups used long-term care more frequently. Men had more hospital inpatient
days than women, but women used more long-term care. The number of hospital inpatient days increased rapidly in the last months
of life, almost doubling in the final month. Days in public long-term care increased regularly in the last 2 years of life.
Variation in both hospital and long-term care by municipality was remarkable. The results indicate that, among people aged
70 years and older, age is a major determinant of care in the last 2 years of life. The variation in the use of care by municipality
and the differences between men and women deserve more detailed analysis in future. 相似文献
98.
Howard Litwin 《European journal of ageing》2007,4(2):71-82
The aim of the inquiry was to examine the social network–mortality association within a wider multivariate context that accounts
for the effects of background framing forces and psychobiological pathways. The inquiry was based upon the Berkman et al.
(2000) conceptual model of the determinants of health. Its main purpose was to identify the salient network correlates of 7-year
all cause mortality among Jewish men and women, aged 70 and over, in Israel (n = 1,811). The investigation utilized baseline data from a national household survey of older adults from 1997 that was linked
to records from the National Death Registry, updated through 2004. At the time of the study, 38% of the sample had died. Multivariate
Cox hazard regressions identified two main network-related components as predictors of survival: contact with friends, a social
network interaction variable, and attendance at a synagogue, a social engagement variable. Friendship ties are seen to uniquely
reduce mortality risk because they are based on choice in nature, and reflect a sense of personal control. Synagogue attendance
is seen to promote survival mainly through its function as a source of communal attachment and, perhaps, as a reflection of
spirituality as well. Other possibly network-related correlates of mortality were also noted in the current analysis—the receipt
of instrumental support and the state of childlessness.
The study on which this article is based was made possible by grants from the Israel Ministry of Science and Technology to
the Israel Gerontological Data Center. 相似文献
99.
100.