大学生心理健康教育干预研究

目的　研究高校心理健康干预模式 ,提高大学生心理健康水平。方法　采取分层整群抽样的方法 ,运用SCL - 90自评量表对该院学生测试评分 ,分别进行实施心理健康干预模式 (心理教育、心理预防、心理训练 )前后状况调查 ,比较学生心理测试总体水平。结果　学校心理健康教育干预实施后一年 ,学生心理测试 8项因子分均值低于心理健康干预实施前 ,其中强迫、人际关系、焦虑、恐怖、偏执因子分实施前后有显著性差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　学校实施心理健康教育干预能有效地维护大学生心理健康 ,促进大学生心理发展 ,提高大学生心理素质     

大鼠胰腺十二指肠移植的手术技巧

目的探讨建立大鼠胰腺十二指肠移植模型的手术技巧。方法不阻断体循环，采用双套管将供胰所带腹主动脉、门静脉分别与受鼠的左肾动、静脉进行套管吻合，尽量减轻对全身血流动力学的影响；同时行十二指肠空肠端侧吻合引流胰液，重建胰腺外分泌途径；围手术期注意补液、保暖及抗凝。结果100例手术中83例手术成功，术后移植胰腺具有内分泌功能，胰腺轻度充血水肿。结论该移植模型不阻断体循环且操作简单实用，其成功的关键在于手术操作及围手术期处理。     

兔股骨干缺损模型的制备及在组织工程骨实验中的应用

目的为组织工程骨修复负重骨缺损的研究提供标准化的实验动物模型.方法测量兔股骨干基本解剖数据,用于指导制备模型.在解剖学研究的基础上,取4～5个月龄成年新西兰大白兔18只,随机分为三组,每组6只,分别制备10、15、20mm的股骨干中段骨和骨膜缺损,并用普通钢板螺丝钉固定股骨.4、8、12周时分别摄X线侧位片进行定性分析,双能量X线骨密度测量仪（DXA）做骨密度扫描进行定量分析,并在每个时间点分别取2只动物取材做大体观察和组织学检查.结果兔股骨解剖数据：兔股骨长94.1 mm;股骨干中点横径7.4 mm,矢状径5.8 mm;骨皮质厚度：屈侧最厚,内、外两侧次之,伸侧最薄,平均1.2 mm;髓腔略呈椭圆形,其横径与矢状径相差约1mm,取其平均值,髓腔直径4.1 mm.骨缺损动物大体观察、X线片、骨密度检查和组织学检查显示：10 mm骨缺损组均于8～12周出现骨性愈合;15 mm和20 mm骨缺损组直至12周仍未见骨愈合.结论在不桥接和填充任何材料的情况下,钢板螺钉固定的兔股骨干15 mm以上的实验性骨缺损不能自行愈合,可用于组织工程骨修复负重骨缺损的实验研究.     

大鼠肝移植术后并发症的预防

目的 探讨大鼠肝移植术后并发症的预防措施.方法 比较建立模型初期所行50例大鼠肝移植前20例(前组)与后30例(后组)的手术时间、无肝期、手术成功率、术后生存率及并发症.结果 与前组相比,后组供体手术时间、供体修整与套管安装时间、无肝期及受体手术时间明显缩短(P＜0.05),手术成功率与术后3 d及7 d生存率明显提高(P＜0.05),早期术后出血并发症明显减少(P＜0.05),但胆道并发症差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 掌握大鼠肝移植技术存在明显的学习曲线,熟练的手术操作及术后并发症的合理预防可提高手术成功率及术后大鼠生存率.     

Depressive Symptoms and Associated Factors in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

PROBLEM: To compare depressive symptoms in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to those in healthy children, and to explore the influence of individual and family factors on level of depression. METHODS: Individual interviews with 68 children, ages 7 to 12 years, in order to complete the Children's Depression Inventory. FINDINGS: Children with ADHD reported significantly more depressive symptoms than did children without ADHD; 14.7% of children with ADHD reached the threshold of a 19 point score, which suggests clinical depression. No significant effects of individual and family factors on level of depression were found. CONCLUSIONS: Children with ADHD are more inclined to experience depressive symptoms than are healthy children. To plan appropriate interventions, nurses evaluating and working with children with ADHD should always consider a possible coexistence of depressive symptoms.     

立体着床模型--小鼠囊胚与子宫内膜的共培养

目的:建立小鼠囊胚体外着床的三维模型,为着床机制的研究提供重要工具.方法:将小鼠囊胚与其自身子宫内膜分别共培养在空气、含500,750和950 mL/L O2的混合气体与组织培养液的气液界面上,比较不同O2浓度下小鼠囊胚的贴附率,确定体外共培养的最佳O2浓度;同时将确认有囊胚贴附的子宫内膜取出作HE染色.结果:不同O2浓度下,囊胚的贴附率分别为64.75%,47.86%,42.37%和30.97%,x2检验提示其差异有显著性(x2=28.145,P=0.000);且随着混合气体中O2浓度的逐渐升高,囊胚贴附率呈逐渐降低趋势.因此50 mL/L CO2 950 mL/L空气对囊胚与子宫内膜的共培养是最有利的;同时,囊胚贴附子宫内膜后并无扩展行为而是直接侵入子宫内膜.结论:50 mL/L CO2 950 mL/L空气最有利于囊胚与子宫内膜的共培养;且囊胚贴附子宫内膜后不发生外延生长,而是直接侵入子宫内膜.本实验成功地建立了小鼠囊胚体外着床的三维模型.     

Intelligent dialogue based on statistical models of clinical decision-making

The independence Bayesian model has been used widely in computer programs designed to support clinical decision-making. A reasoning strategy has been developed to enable these programs to conduct clinically pertinent dialogue and explain their reasoning. It has been implemented in a program for the diagnosis of acute abdominal pain based on the Bayesian model of de Dombal et al. Several features of the dialogue design have been adopted from artificial intelligence research, including shared initiative and critiquing. The program adopts a flexible goal-driven strategy, attempting to confirm the clinician's diagnosis or rule out the likeliest alternative. Symptoms and signs are selected in order of their expected weights of evidence in favour of the hypothesized disease.     

Pharmacodynamic Modeling for Change of Locomotor Activity by Methylphenidate in Rats

Purpose. The locomotive activity changes after intravenous (i.v.) administration of methylphenidate (MPD) in rats were pharmacodynamically analyzed. Methods. MPD concentration in plasma, MPD concentration and dopamine (DA) level in striatal dialysate collected by microdialysis method, and the locomotor activity after i.v. administration of MPD (2, 5 and 10 mg/kg doses) were used for the analysis. Results. The transport of MPD from plasma to the interstitial fluid in the brain could be expressed by the linear two-compartment model. The clockwise hysteresis between the MPD concentration and the DA level in the dialysate could be explained by the pharmacodynamic model considering Michaelis-Menten type reuptake process of the extracellular DA into the terminal of the dopaminergic nerve and its competitive inhibition by the extracellular MPD. The inhibition constant (K_i) of MPD for DA reuptake was estimated to be 41.3 ± 73.8 nM (mean ± SE), which was closely consistent with the in vitro value after correction with dialysis recovery. The relationship between DA level in dialysate and locomotor activity was expressed by the Emax model considering two contrary effects, hyperkinesia and stereotypy. The bi-phasic locomotor activity-time profiles after high dose of MPD could be represented by this model. Conclusions. The developed model made it possible to explain the tolerance in DA increase and the complicated locomotive change induced by MPD, and may be useful for other DA reuptake inhibitors, such as amphetamine and methamphetamine.     

Modulation of cytokine production from an EpiOcular corneal cell culture model in response to Staphylococcus aureus superantigen

The present study investigated the hypothesis that Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEE) produces epithelial cell death and releases inflammatory cytokines that produce stromal infiltration during contact lens induced peripheral ulceration. Epithelial cells were incubated with different doses of SEB for various time periods. Culture supernatants were assayed for cytokines IL- lo, IL-6 and chemotactic agents IL-8 and LTB,. SEE induced the production of IL- I p and IL-8. Epithelial cells exposed for longer periods (48 h) with low concentrations of SEB produced significantly higher levels (N0.02) of IL-Ip and IL-8 (P<0.05) compared t o a 24 h exposure. SEB did not induce the production o f IL-6 and     

Implication of the systolic hump in systemic arterial pressure waves

The systolic hump in the aortic blood pressure wave is defined as the aorticresistance component proportional to the aortic blood flow superimposed on the windkessel component. An electrical analogue comprising a series resistance (aortic resistance) plus a resistance (peripheral resistance) and capacitance (aortic compliance) in parallel (i.e. windkessel component) is used for analysis. Curve fitting using the leastsquares method is performed on calculated and measured blood pressure waves from dogs under haemodynamical conditions induced by infusion of three drugs (noradrenaline, isoproterenol and acetylcholine). The curve fitting RMS (root mean square) errors are <3% for blood pressure waves and <30% for blood flow waves, with good agreement between measured and calculated blood flow waveforms. Infusion of noradrenaline and acetylcholine is found to induce a significant decrease and increase in the aortic resistance, respectively. Although only a small fraction of the blood pressure wave, the systolic hump has a marked effect on the systolic pressure waveform.