企业员工应对方式与心理健康之间的关系

目的：验证不同应对方式对心理健康的单独与共同影响。方法：对4745名被试用分层回归的方法分析不同应对方式对心理健康的单独影响和交互作用。结论：单独使用“消极应对”的应对方式,对心理健康水平存在不利影响;而单独使用“积极应对”的应对方式能在一定程度上改善心理健康水平。“消极应对”与“积极应对”两种应对方式结合使用能显著改善心理健康水平,比单独使用这两种应对方式对心理健康更有利。     

CD8+T-bet+ cells as a predominant biomarker for inclusion body myositis

Background

Myositis is a heterogeneous group of muscular auto-immune diseases with clinical and pathological criteria that allow the classification of patients into different sub-groups. Inclusion body myositis is the most frequent myositis above fifty years of age. Diagnosing inclusion body myositis requires expertise and is challenging. Little is known concerning the pathogenic mechanisms of this disease in which conventional suppressive-immune therapies are inefficacious.

Immunolocalization of extracellular matrix proteins and integrins in sarcoid lymph nodes

 To improve our understanding of the role of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and integrins during the processes of granuloma formation in sarcoidosis, we examined the distribution of ECM proteins and the expression of integrins in sarcoid lymph nodes by immunohistochemical methods. We also examined the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), which is one of major regulators for synthesis of ECM proteins. Most ECM proteins were detected in the periphery of the granulomas in a concentric pattern, and fibronectin was diffusely detected from an early to a regressive stage. Compared with normal lymph nodes, most β1-integrin subfamilies (α1, α4, α5 and α6) were more strongly expressed on lymphocytes around the granulomas. Epithelioid cells exhibited strong expression of the α5 molecule. Fibroblasts exhibited the expression of the α2 and α5 molecules surrounding ECM proteins. The α5β1 molecule had a distribution similar to that of fibronectin. TGF-β1 was detected in epithelioid cells throughout the various evolutional stages and its expression was especially marked in mature granulomas. Interaction of fibronectin and the α5β1 molecule may have an important role in the process of formation of sarcoid granuloma. The expression of TGF-β1 may be involved in the regression of sarcoid granuloma by initiating fibrosis and atrophy of epithelioid cells. Received: 2 December 1997 / Accepted: 19 February 1998     

利用脉搏波特征参数连续测量血压的方法研究

通过研究血压与脉搏波特征参数的关系，提出了一个选择多个与血压相关的脉搏波特征参数,通过回归分析建立适合不同人的特征方程，进行血压的连续测量的新方法，为了验证测量结果的准确性；研制了张力计。实验结果表明：该方法具有较高的测量精度，可以应用于临床危重病人的血压监护和一般医学研究中，经过进一步地改进和完善后可应用于载人航天和日常动态环境。     

A simple diagnostic index for asthma

BACKGROUND: Asthma is becoming increasingly prevalent and a number of research groups are investigating its genetic and environmental basis. OBJECTIVE: To produce a brief screening tool suitable for determining phenotype in asthma research. METHODS: The scores from eight questions on symptoms and history were obtained from 678 adults and 244 children from high asthma-incidence caucasian families. An independent physician diagnosis was also obtained with the use of a modified NHLBI-CSGA questionnaire and pulmonary function test. Stepwise logistic regression was applied to determine which of the eight questions had greatest predictive value for asthma, and the quality of the resultant models was evaluated using an independent set of 643 adults and 239 children. RESULTS: For adults, the most parsimonious model used responses from three of the eight questions. It had sensitivity and specificity of 0.94 and 0.96, respectively. For children, responses to two questions gave a model with sensitivity and specificity of 0.97. For both age groups, negative predictive values were above 0.87. Positive predictive values were 0.58 and 0.78 for adults and children respectively. The latter emphasize the need for conformation, by physician, of "affected" calls made by this initial screen. CONCLUSION: The brief questionnaires described are potentially useful in a research setting, as a preliminary screening mechanism of low cost. Their use will reduce the numbers of subjects that must undergo detailed phenotyping.     

围产儿羊水吸入性肺炎发病学探讨：172例多因素逐步回归研究

对1980.9～1982.8江苏省6个城市172例围产儿羊水吸入性肺炎临床病理多因素回归分析研究,以探讨其发病机制。目的是筛选能影响肺炎和羊水吸入的临床参数。结果:(1)男婴占52.91%,女婴47.09%。(2)组织学:肺的炎症和羊水大多数是混合性、弥漫性分布,病变较一致,纤维素渗出很少,这说明本病可能是在出生前或分娩过程中吸入感染的羊水所致。(3)影响本病发生的主要因素为剖腹产、胎吸术、羊水吸入以及胎龄。(4)影响羊水吸入性的因素为胎儿体重(4000g以上)和胎龄(42周以上)。而体重、胎龄和胎吸术又和产程延长有关。     

健康婴幼儿早期教育的效果及影响因素

目的:探讨健康足月婴幼儿早期教育(简称早教)的效果及其影响因素,为开展健康足月婴幼儿早教工作提供理论和实践依据.方法:以自愿来早教中心进行早教的健康足月婴幼儿52名为实验组.另选择与其基本条件相同的婴幼儿52名为对照组.实验组除进行早教的各项培训工作外,还于培训前和培训3、6、9个月后各测评发育商(DQ)1次,以评定早教的效果.对照组无早教,于入组时和9个月后各测评DQ 1次.结果:①实验组经培训9个月后,其DQ平均值提高21.9±13.6分,高于对照组观察9个月后DQ平均值提高分3.0±3.0,差异有统计学意义(t=9.757,P＜0.001).②实验组培训前DQ值有23例低于中等水平;培训后有27例高于中等水平,其中8例DQ≥130.③多元逐步回归分析结果表明,影响DQ增加的主要因素是完成家庭训练作业的程度(R2=0.57),其次是到早教中心训练的次数(R2=0.019),再次是性别(R2=0.016).结论:早教对健康足月婴幼儿的大脑发育、智能发展、运动发育具有显著效果,是提高婴幼儿DQ的有效措施.     

Stature estimation based on hand length and foot length

This study was carried out to estimate the relationship between hand length, foot length and stature using multiple linear regression analyses based on a sample of male and female adult Turks residing in Adana. Measurements of hand length, foot length and stature were taken from 155 adult Turks (80 male, 75 female) aged 17-23 years. The participants were students of the Medical Faculty of Cukurova University. A multiple linear regression model was fitted to the observed data. Stature was taken as the response or dependent variable, hand length and foot length were taken as explanatory variables or regressors. All possible (simple and multiple) linear regression models for each of males, females and both genders together were tested for the best model. The multiple linear regression model for both genders together was found to be the best model with the highest values for the coefficients of determination R2 = 0.861 and R2adjusted = 0.859, and multiple correlation coefficient R = 0.928.     

The structuring of an allergy index based on IgE-mediated skin sensitivity to common environmental allergens

We computed skin-test sensitivity levels in 485 adults puncture-tested with eight standardized, high-quality inhalant allergens tested at single concentrations. In order to quantitate the "average" IgE-mediated skin sensitivity of each subject, we used both nonparametric and parametric statistical methods to generate two "allergy indices" (Allergy Index I and Allergy Index II) based on sensitivity end-point data from the subpopulations of individuals positive to six of the eight allergens. For the 192 skin test-positive subjects, Allergy Index I and Allergy Index II were significantly correlated with each other (rs = 0.98, p less than 0.001) and with the number of positive skin-test reactions (rs congruent to 0.9, p less than 0.001) as well as with log[total serum IgE] (r congruent to 0.4, p less than 0.01). In 102 ragweed-positive subjects, log[specific IgE to ragweed] was significantly correlated with ragweed-specific "ragweed indices I and II" (r congruent to 0.6, p less than 0.01). Furthermore, the average daily symptom scores reported by 14 ragweed-positive subjects during the ragweed pollination season were significantly correlated with ragweed indices I and II (p less than 0.05). We propose the use of Allergy Index II in epidemiologic and genetic studies of allergic phenotypes as well as in clinical decisions for diagnosis and immunotherapeutic intervention.     

3—6岁幼儿胸骨长与身长关系的研究

本文报告了湘西吉首地区1159名3～6岁幼儿(男640,女519)的身长和胸骨长的均值,身长与胸骨长的比值,身长胸骨长指数;对胸骨长与身长两者之间进行了相关和回归分析,并提出了由胸骨长推算身长的回归方程.