1091名新兵集训前后心理变化追踪观察

目的 研究新兵集训前后的心理变化规律。方法 应用症状自评量表（SCL-90）,对1091名新兵集训前后心理变化追踪测评。结果 集训前SCL-90因子分均低于中国新兵常模（P〈0．01）。集训后SCL-90因子分均低于集训前（P〈0．01）。SCL-90因子分中,除偏执、敌对外,其余各分值均有明显下降（P〈0．01）,有极显著性差异。敌对分值略有下降（P〈0．05）,有显著性差异。但偏执分值下降不明显（P〉0．05）。结论 新兵入伍后其心理状况不断变化,对此变化追踪观察,有利于新兵心理健康水平的提高。     

欧亚地区厕蝇属夏厕蝇种团名录(双翅目:厕蝇科)

本研究采用昆虫分类学原理和方法,对欧亚地区厕蝇科厕蝇属夏厕蝇种团Fannia canicularis-group进行了系统分类研究.欧亚地区夏厕蝇种团昆虫共30种,分别隶属于夏厕蝇亚种团Fannia canicularissubgroup(20种),巨尾厕蝇亚种团Fannia lucidula-subgroup(7种),白纹厕蝇亚种团Fannia leucostictasubgroup(3种),编制了“欧亚地区厕蝇属夏厕蝇种团名录”,详细描述了其国内外分布情况,并对部分外国种类新拟了中文名.     

Diffusion weighted imaging and neuropsychological correlates in adults with mild traumatic brain injury

Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is increasingly being used as a research tool in mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI). This article reviews the concepts of diffusion tensor imaging, neuropsychological testing and results to date when applied to mTBI in adults. DTI is being used in conjunction with neuropsychological and electrophysiological measures to provide improved structural/functional correlations of mTBI. Future directions and applications of DTI in mTBI research are suggested.     

野战部队官兵心理健康状况及影响因素调查

目的探讨官兵心理健康状况及影响因素,为部队心理健康教育工作提供依据。方法采用整群分层抽样的方法,抽取某部1435名官兵为研究对象,运用90项症状清单(SCL-90)对其进行心理健康状况评估和影响因素分析。结果①官兵心理问题发生率为26.2%,主要分布在强迫、人际敏感、敌对、躯体化和偏执等因子上;官兵SCL-90总分、阳性项目数及各因子分均显著低于中国军人常模,除躯体化和精神病性因子外,其它均显著低于中国成人常模;②对官兵心理健康影响因素的多元线性回归分析表明,官兵心理健康状况与习惯、战友关系自评、家庭组成、父亲文化程度呈显著性线性相关关系,是官兵心理健康的主要影响因素。结论官兵整体心理健康状况良好,但也存在一定的心理问题,有必要对重点人群进行早期干预。     

Evaluation of the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and gastric antiulcer activities of the essential oil from Piper aleyreanum C.DC in rodents

Ethnopharmacological relevance

Piper aleyreanum is a small tree that is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, mostly in North and South America, and is used as an immunomodulator, analgesic and antidepressant in folk medicine.

Aim of the study

This study was designed to investigate the antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and gastric antiulcer activities of the essential oils from the aerial parts of Piper aleyreanum (EOPa) in rodents.

Materials and methods

The antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of orally administered EOPa were evaluated in mice subjected to the formalin and pleurisy models, respectively. We also pretreated the rats with EOPa before acute ethanol-induced gastric lesions and measured gastric lesion extension and mucus and glutathione (GSH) levels in the gastric mucosa. Finally, we performed a phytochemical analysis of EOPa.

Results

The chemical composition of EOPa was analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS), which identified 35 compounds, representing 81.7% of total oil compounds. Caryophyllene oxide (11.5%), β-pinene (9%), spathulenol (6.7%), camphene (5.2%), β-elemene (4.7%), myrtenal (4.2%), verbenone (3.3%) and pinocarvone (3.1%) were the major oil constituents. The oral administration of EOPa (10–1000 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the neurogenic and inflammatory phases of formalin-induced licking, with ID50 values of 281.2 and 70.5 mg/kg, respectively. The antinociception caused by EOPa (100 mg/kg, p.o.) was not reversed by naloxone (1 or 5 mg/kg, i.p.) in the formalin test. EOPa (100–300 mg/kg, p.o.) did not affect animal motor coordination in an open-field model. In carrageenan-induced pleurisy, EOPa (1–100 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly decreased the total cell count, neutrophils and mononuclear cells with mean ID50 values of 53.6, 21.7 and 43.5 mg/kg, respectively. In addition, EOPa (1–30 mg/kg, p.o.) protected the rats against ethanol-induced gastric lesions with an ID50 value of 1.7 mg/kg and increased the mucus and GSH levels of the gastric mucosa to levels similar to those of the non-lesioned group.

Conclusions

These data show for the first time that EOPa has significant antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory actions, which do not appear to be related to the opioid system. EOPa also has interesting gastroprotective effects related to the maintenance of protective factors, such as mucus production and GSH. These results support the widespread use of Piper aleyreanum in popular medicine and demonstrate that this plant has therapeutic potential for the development of phytomedicines with antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and gastroprotective properties.     

铅作业工人工作能力及紧张程度与生物监测指标的关系

[目的 ]调查铅作业工人的工作能力指数和紧张程度自评量 ,评价两者的关系 ,并探讨工作能力与年龄及工人生物监测指标血铅、尿δ 氨基 酮戊酸 (δ ALA)之间的关系。 [方法 ]用芬兰职业卫生研究所研制的工作能力指数表和紧张自评量表 ,对某蓄电池厂 10 5名工人进行调研分析 ,同时测定工人的血铅、尿δ ALA值 ,进行相关回归分析。 [结果 ]工作能力指数与年龄、紧张自评量、工人的血铅值有相关关系 ,随着年龄增长、血铅值增高和紧张自评量增加 ,工作能力指数降低。 [结论 ]工作能力指数可在一定程度上反映铅接触工人的体内铅接触水平。