线上教学在急救技能操作课程中的探索和应用

目的 探索线上教学在技能操作教学中应用的教学效果和新思路。方法 选择2019年秋季学期、2020春季学期四川大学选修《生活中的急救：基本常识与技能》课程的151名学生为研究对象。2020年春季学期选修的77名学生作为试验组,2019年秋季学期选修的74名学生作为对照组。试验组依托线上平台进行急救技能线上学习,对照组采用传统教学。对比两组的教学效果和分析教学满意度。采用SPSS 23.0进行卡方检验和t检验。结果 两组学生在心肺复苏、止血包扎、骨折固定3项技能考核成绩中差异均无统计学意义[（8.65±0.81 vs. 8.69±0.90,P=0.750）; （8.10±0.50 vs. 8.12±0.61,P=0.880）;（8.21±0.89 vs.8.16±0.78,P=0.710）]。试验组参与问卷调查的学生中,59名（95.16%）学生认为本课程对处理日常生活急救有帮助,38名（61.29%）学生不希望将传统授课方式更改为线上教学。结论 线上教学在急救技能操作教学中的应用是可行的,能够达到同样的教学效果,为探索线上急救技能教学提供了新思路。     

三七总皂苷眼用凝胶在兔眼部的组织分布研究

[目的] 研究三七总皂苷眼用凝胶在兔眼组织的药物分布。[方法] 选取12只新西兰大白兔,随机分为4组,每组3只兔子。每只兔眼分别给予凝胶41.67 μL/kg（即三七皂苷R1 0.132 mg/kg,人参皂苷Rg1 0.452 mg/kg）。给药后于0.5、1、1.5、2 h空气栓塞各处死1组兔子。取眼球,分离各眼组织。采用UPLC-MS检测不同时间点各眼组织的药物含量。[结果] 兔眼给予三七总皂苷眼用凝胶后,三七皂苷R1在兔角膜、晶状体、房水、玻璃体中的最大含量分别为13.16、1.16、0.86、0.10 μg/g,人参皂苷Rg1在角膜、晶状体、房水、玻璃体中的最大含量分别为38.49、4.50、3.38、0.28 μg/g。[结论] 三七总皂苷眼用凝胶滴到兔眼后,三七皂苷R1和人参皂苷Rg1可透过角膜分散到各眼组织。在0~2 h内,各眼组织中的药物含量由高到低依次为角膜、晶状体、房水、玻璃体,表明三七皂苷R1和人参皂苷Rg1可透过角膜,到达眼后部组织,在2 h时各眼部组织的药物含量依然较高,在眼组织的保留时间长。     

网约护士参与“互联网+护理服务”意愿及影响因素研究

目的 探讨网约护士参与“互联网+护理服务”意愿及影响因素,为提高网约护士参与“互联网+护理服务”的积极性提供参考。方法 2022年1—2月,采用便利抽样法选取广州市开展“互联网+护理服务”医院的279名网约护士为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、“互联网+护理服务”意愿影响因素量表和组织支持量表进行调查。结果 网约护士参与“互联网+护理服务”意愿得分(12.39±1.61),控制一般资料(职务、获得从业资格时间、居家护理服务经历)的影响后,发现感知风险、感知价值、便利条件、工具支持是网约护士参与“互联网+护理服务”意愿的影响因素(R²=0.641),可解释参与意愿变异的64.1%。结论 网约护士参与“互联网+护理服务”意愿处于中等偏上水平,为患者提供“互联网+护理服务”的意愿受感知风险、感知价值、便利条件和工具支持的影响。     

儿童急性白血病伴侵袭性肺部真菌感染的临床特点、真菌分布及影响因素分析

目的 分析儿童急性白血病伴侵袭性肺部真菌感染（IPFI）的临床特点、真菌分布及影响因素。方法 回顾性分析2018年1月—2022年12月安徽省儿童医院82例急性白血病患儿的临床资料,按照是否合并IPFI分为IPFI组（18例）和非IPFI组（64例）。比较两组患儿的一般临床资料;采用多因素一般Logistic回归模型分析儿童急性白血病伴IPFI的危险因素;分析IPFI组患儿的临床特征、真菌菌种分布。结果 18例IPFI患儿均有不同程度的发热,体温>38.5℃占比72.22%,咳嗽咳痰/白色黏痰占比83.33%;18例IPFI患儿中5例表现为结节实变影,7例表现为多发斑片状阴影,8例表现为散在斑片状阴影合并小结节,2例表现多发云雾状毛玻璃样高密度影、间质病变为主。16例获得真菌微生物学证据,血培养2例,肺泡灌洗液涂片1例,血或者肺泡灌洗液NGS检测13例,其中以毛霉菌（31.25%）、曲霉菌（25.00%）、近平滑假丝酵母菌（18.75%）为主;多因素一般Logistic回归分析结果显示,化疗方案含激素■、中性粒细胞缺乏时间≥10 d[■]、抗菌药物使用种类≥2种■均是儿童急性白血...     

The regional distribution of adenosine-regulating enzymes in the left and right ventricle walls of control and hypertrophic heart

Summary The transmural distribution of the adenosine-generating enzyme 5-nucleotidase (5N) and of the adenosine-degrading enzymes adenosine deaminase (ADA), AMP deaminase (AMP-D) and adenosine kinase (Ado-K) were determined across the walls of left and right ventricles of control and hypertrophic rat hearts.The enzyme distribution across the left ventricle wall (but not across the right wall) of normal hearts was not uniform: 5N activity shows its highest levels in the subepicardial and in the subendocardial regions, whereas all the other enzyme activities show their lowest levels. A similar pattern of transmural distribution was also detected in other mammalian species (ox and pig).In the experimental cardiac hypertrophy, caused by two different types of chronic cardiac overload, the levels and the profiles of transmural distribution of 5N and ADA enzyme activities may significantly change across the rat left ventricle wall.     

Distribution of 2-naphthol sulphotransferase and its endogenous substrate adenosine 3′-phosphate 5′-phosphosulphate in human tissues

The activity of sulphotransferase towards 2-naphthol and the concentration of its endogenous substrate, adenosine 3'-phosphate 5'-phosphosulphate (PAPS), have been measured in five specimens of human liver, lung, and kidney, and the mucosa from the ileum and the ascending, descending and sigmoid colon. The activity of 2-naphthol sulphotransferase (mean nmol.min-1.mg-1 protein) was 1.82 (liver); 0.034 (kidney); 0.19 (lung); 0.64 (ileum); 0.47 (ascending colon); 0.50 (descending colon); 0.40 (sigmoid colon). The concentration of PAPS (mean nmol.g-1 wet tissue) was 22.6 (liver); 4.8 (kidney); 4.3 (lung); 12.8 (ileum); 8.1 (ascending colon); 7.5 (descending colon); 6.2 (sigmoid colon). The concentration of PAPS and the activity of 2-naphthol sulphotransferase were higher in the liver than in the extrahepatic tissues. There was significant difference between ileum and ascending colon, both the activity of sulphotransferase and the concentration of PAPS being higher in the former. 2-Naphthol sulphotransferase activity and the concentration of PAPS have consistent distribution patterns. Differences between the tissues studied were more marked for sulphotransferase than for its endogenous substrate.     

携带肝细胞生长因子基因重组质粒在大鼠体内的组织分布研究

目的 研究携带肝细胞生长因子基因的重组质粒（pUDKH）经肌肉注射给药后在大鼠体内的组织分布及其与大鼠基因组DNA的整合情况。 方法 二级Wistar大鼠雌雄各20只，按体重和取样时间的不同随机分为12h、24h、3d、7d、14d、21d的各实验组（给予pUDKH，2．0mg／kg）和注射后3d取样的对照组（给予PBS，200ul／只），依次将各组大鼠摘眼球取血后脱臼处死，按脑、心、肺、胸腺、肝、肠系膜淋巴结（MLN）、脾、肾、生殖腺、左腿肌肉、右腿肌肉的顺序取样。经典酚／氯仿抽提法提取各组织总DNA，应用紫外分光光度计测定其浓度和纯度，PCR方法检测其中的D肌动蛋白基因；巢式PCR检测各组织总DNA中pUDKH的分布情况；ApnL I酶切分离pUDKH分布阳性各组织中的pUDKHDNA和基因组DNA，巢式PCR检测pUDKHDNA与基因组DNA的整合情况。 结果 各组织总DNA浓度与纯度均符合实验需要，并适于采用PCR或巢式PCR方法进行体内组织分布及基因组DNA整合情况检测。巢式PCR检测显示，在各时间点的右腿肌肉与外周血、注射后3和7d的肝脏、3和14d的生殖腺、7d的胸腺、7和14d的MLN与左腿肌肉等组织中pUDKH分布均呈阳性，而在各时间点的脑、心、肺、脾、肾等组织中pUDKH分布均呈阴性。pUDKH分布阳性的各组织中均未检测到pUDKHDNA与基因组DNA的整合。 结论 pUDKH经肌肉注射给药后，在各时间点大鼠体内各组织中呈现不同的分布谱。在pUDKH分布阳性的各组织中，pUDKHDNA与基因组DNA发生随机整合的概率较低。     

Distribution of thietazole in organs and tissues of rats after single and repeated administration

We studied the kinetics of thietazole distribution in the liver, brain, kidneys, spleen, heart, skeletal muscles, lungs, adipose tissue, and testicles after single and repeated administration of this drug. Single and repeated administration of thietazole was followed by elimination of this drug from the blood into organs and tissues. After repeated administration, thietazole was selectively accumulated in the spleen. __________ Translated from Byulleten’ Eksperimental’noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 145, No. 5, pp. 555–557, May, 2008     

Inputs from the olfactory bulb and olfactory cortex to the entorhinal cortex in the cat

Summary The spatial organization and laminar distribution of projections from the olfactory bulb and the anterior (PPCa) and posterior (PPCp) divisions of the prepiriform cortex to the entorhinal cortex were studied with anterograde (³H-leucine) and retrograde (WGA-HRP) tracing techniques. After ³H-leucine injections into the olfactory bulb transported labeling was seen over the lateral entorhinal area, except its most medial part, and over the rostral part of the medial entorhinal area. The labeling covers exclusively layer Ia. The lateral and medial entorhinal areas are also reached by fibers from the prepiriform cortex. The projection to the medial entorhinal area has not been described previously. Following injections of ³H-leucine into the PPCa transported labeling is present over the entire expanse of the entorhinal cortex and is located over layer Ib with the greatest density in its superficial part. Injections of ³H-leucine into the PPCp give rise to transported labeling over much of the entorhinal cortex. No labeling was found over the most medial parts of the medial subdivision (VMEA) of the lateral entorhinal area and the medial entorhinal area. Labeling occupies layer Ib, especially its middle part, and layers II and III. Both PPCa and PPCp appear to project most heavily to the dorsal (DLEA) and ventral (VLEA) subdivisions of the lateral entorhinal area. From the retrograde experiments it can be inferred that cells of layers II and III of the PPCa project predominantly to the DLEA, whereas those of the PPCp project predominantly to the VLEA. The MEA receives its heaviest projection from layer II of both PPCa and PPCp. In control experiments with ³H-leucine injections into the endopiriform nucleus it was found that this nucleus projects to the entire expanse of the entorhinal cortex. The fibers distribute to all layers with the exception of layer Ia.Abbreviations AI agranular insular cortex - AL lateral nucleus of the amygdala - BL basolateral nucleus of the amygdala - BM basomedial nucleus of the amygdala - C claustrum - CoA cortical nucleus of the amygdala - DLEA dorsal division of the lateral entorhinal cortex - END endopiriform nucleus - H hippocampus - I granular insular cortex - lot lateral olfactory tractus - MCL mitral cell layer of the olfactory bulb - MEA medial entorhinal area - OB olfactory bulb - PPCa anterior part of the prepiriform nucleus - PPCp posterior part of the prepiriform nucleus - VLEA ventral division of the lateral entorhinal cortex - VMEA ventromedial division of the lateral entorhinal cortex - 35 area 35 of the perirhinal cortex - 36 area 36 of the perirhinal cortex     

Pattern of spatial distribution inDrosophila melanogaster

The effect of temperature and sex on spatial distribution ofDrosophila melanogaster adults was studied in a specially designed apparatus. It was observed that individuals tend to aggregate in sections of the sphere independently of sex and temperature. Nevertheless, decrease in temperature increase aggregation. The mobility of both males and females indicates a megative geotactic tendency.