Testicular sperm retrieval: What should we expect from the fresh and subsequent cryopreserved sperm injection?

We sought to compare ICSI outcomes of cycle using fresh versus thawed TESE spermatozoa obtained during the previous fresh TESE. All consecutive couples undergoing ICSI cycles using fresh TESE spermatozoa, followed by ICSI cycle using cryopreserved sperm remaining from the previous fresh TESE procedure were included. Ovarian stimulation (OS)/laboratory variables and cycle outcome were assessed and compared between those utilising fresh versus thawed TESE spermatozoa. Seventy-five couples were evaluated, with no in-between groups differences in OS nor embryological variables. While implantation and LBR per embryo transfer were nonsignificantly higher in the frozen as compared to the fresh TESE, there was a trend towards higher LBRs per patient in the frozen TESE group. The cumulative miscarriage rate (4% versus 14.7%, p < .022 respectively) was significantly lower and the cumulative LBR (34.7% versus 16%, p < .007 respectively) was significantly higher using frozen TESE spermatozoa. Moreover, significantly higher proportion of frozen TESE sperm samples used pentoxifylline to enhance sperm motility. In conclusion, the results of ICSI cycles using frozen TESE spermatozoa are as good, or even better than using fresh TESE spermatozoa. Further studies are required to explore the factors responsible for the improved ICSI outcome, while using frozen versus fresh TESE sperm samples.     

In Vivo Corrosion of Sleeved Ceramic Femoral Heads: A Retrieval Study

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate a series of retrieved sleeved ceramic femoral heads used in total hip arthroplasty (THA) and determine qualitative and quantitative damage and corrosion patterns.MethodsAn IRB-approved implant retrieval database was utilized to identify all sleeved ceramic femoral heads collected from 1995 to 2004. There were 16 implants with an average duration of in situ of 70 months (range, 13-241 months). The femoral stem was known in 14 cases and was titanium alloy in each of those cases. None were revised for metal-related complications. Ten implants (63%) were from primary THAs, and 6 (38%) were from revision THAs. Damage and corrosion were qualitatively graded using a modified Goldberg method. A quantitative assessment was performed with a coordinate measurement machine (CMM).ResultsAmong the 16 retrieved implants, 1 (6%) demonstrated severe Grade 4 corrosion, 5 (31%) had moderate Grade 3 corrosion, 5 (31%) had mild Grade 2 corrosion, and 5 (31%) had no visible corrosion at the inner sleeve that interfaces with the stem trunnion. The only case of grade 4 corrosion occurred in the only head-sleeve in the study that was not factory assembled and was mated with a titanium molybdenum zirconium ferrous (TMZF) alloy stem. The mean maximum linear corrosion depth at the taper interface, as measured by the CMM, was 7.7 microns (range, 0.9-32.9 microns).ConclusionThis study is the first to quantify corrosion at the titanium interface of sleeved ceramic femoral heads. Potentially clinically significant damage and corrosion patterns were observed in a few failed retrievals; however, the majority of cases demonstrated minimal or no damage.     

Eating patterns and unhealthy weight control behaviors are associated with loss-of-control eating following bariatric surgery

BackgroundLoss-of-control (LOC) eating is associated with poor weight-loss outcomes following bariatric surgery. It is not clear whether eating patterns (e.g., total number of daily meals/snacks, eating after suppertime, eating when not hungry) and unhealthy weight control behaviors (e.g., smoking, using laxatives) are associated with or predictive of LOC eating.ObjectivesTo examine whether eating patterns and unhealthy weight-control behaviors are associated with LOC eating and, if so, whether they predict LOC eating in bariatric patients.SettingMulticenter study, United States.MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery–2 study. Assessments were conducted before surgery and at 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 84 months after surgery. Logistic mixed models were used to examine the longitudinal associations between eating patterns, unhealthy weight-control behaviors, and LOC eating. Time-lag techniques were applied to examine whether the associated patterns and behaviors predict LOC eating.ResultsThe participants (n = 1477) were mostly women (80%), white (86.9%), and married (62.5%). At the time of surgery, the mean age was 45.4 ± 11.0 years and the mean body mass index was 47.8 ± 7.5 kg/m². The total number of daily meals/snacks, food intake after suppertime, eating when not hungry, eating when feeling full, and use of any unhealthy weight-control behaviors were positively associated with LOC eating (P < .05). Food intake after suppertime, eating when not hungry, and eating when feeling full predicted LOC eating (P < .05).ConclusionMeal patterns and unhealthy weight control behaviors may be important intervention targets for addressing LOC eating after bariatric surgery.     

Understanding the messages and motivation of vaccine hesitant or refusing social media influencers

BackgroundWhile anti-vaccine messages on social media have been studied for content, reach, and effectiveness, less is known about those who create and promote the messages. Online influencers, or ‘everyday people who are influential within their online social networks’, are viewed as trusted voices who are often making similar life decisions as their followers. Therefore, their experiences with and perspectives on health issues can be persuasive.MethodsWe collaborated with a formal network of online influencers to interview, using a semi-structured interview guide, vaccine hesitant influencer mothers about their views on vaccination; their process for developing health-related social media content; their motivation to promote anti-vaccine messages; and their opinions on current vaccination messaging. Prescreening ensured a diverse sample by race/ethnicity, age, education, number of children, and geographic residence. Interviews occurred by telephone, were audio recorded, and transcribed. Themes were generated independently by two coders using a deductive coding approach.ResultsWe interviewed 15 online influencer mothers from across the U.S. (average age 39 years old; all married; 13 Caucasian, 1 African American, 1 Hispanic). In some capacity, 5 of the 15 wrote about vaccination on their blog. Those who chose not to post anti-vaccine content did so for fear of alienating followers or having their platform be the site of combative discourse among readers. When researching their social media posts, the influencers did not trust mainstream sources of health information and relied on alternative sources and search engines.Implications: This exploratory study interviewed influential mothers who have the ability to spread anti-vaccine messages on social media. While most do not contribute to the anti-vaccine sentiment, understanding the motivation and practices of those that do assists the public health community in better understanding the online vaccination communication environment, leading to more effective messages to counterbalance anti-vaccine content on social media.     

不同性别大学生健康危险行为现状及影响因素研究*

目的 了解大学生健康危险行为现状及影响因素,促进大学生健康发展。方法 采用分层随机抽样的方法,对5所高校的2510名大学生进行问卷调查,利用SPSS 25.0统计软件进行统计描述、x2检验和logistic回归分析。结果 男生健康危险行为发生率均高于女生:饮酒（81.99%/34.57%）、通宵上网（47.24%/28.22%）、吸烟（31.28%/2.25%）、参与赌博（22.99%/9.41%）。多因素结果显示,男女生健康危险行为的共同危险因素有宗教信仰、恋爱、睡眠障碍、父母感情不好（OR>1,P<0.05）;共同保护因素有师范类院校、医学类院校、住校（OR<1,P<0.05）;男生健康危险行为的危险因素还有消费水平高、担任干部、生源地为农村（OR>1,P<0.05）;年级高是男生通宵上网的保护因素（OR=0.824,P=0.011）,吸烟的危险因素（OR=1.271,P=0.005）。结论 大学生饮酒、通宵上网、吸烟、参与赌博的发生率较高,性别差异大,影响因素来自个体、学校、家庭层面,应从以上层面对重点人群进行健康教育,积极引导大学生形成健康的行为方式。     

基于SQL的报表系统开发及其在放疗流程质控中的应用

目的 有效利用放疗科日常运行中产生的临床数据,基于科室已有网络资源实现放疗信息无纸化,提高放疗流程质控水平。方法 分析科室放疗流程及所需文档,运用基于SQL数据库的报表工具Report Builder,对放疗科已有网络Aria产生的大量数据进行提取和分析,开发报表实现患者现有放疗文档的电子化;运用PDCA的方法分析流程中存在的薄弱环节,提出对策并设计相应报表量化指标,从而提高流程质控水平。结果 自2020年全面实施以来,科室实施放疗两千余人次,患者放疗信息一次登记后全部文档实现网络存档和查询。根据实际工作需求制定了13个日常统计报表、5个季度和3个年度统计报表,通过报表统计使用报表前后3个月的放疗前等待时间由16.2 d缩短至14.8 d,工作人员能够掌握患者治疗进度,及时发现12例中断治疗的患者。结论 通过报表工具的信息提取能够实现放疗全流程信息网络化和患者放疗数据电子化,提高了人员工作效率和沟通效率,科室能够根据报表数据实时优化资源配置,提高放疗的效率和质量。该方法具有普适性和实用性。     

医院输血管理系统的设计和应用

本文描述了医院输血管理系统的流程、功能、结构以及数据库设计过程.介绍了系统软件功能模块.系统的应用实现了安全用血、降低输血差错率,提升医院的整体医疗质量.     

医学影像数据库的索引及检索技术的研究

随着医学影像数据库数据量的剧增，迫切需要研究高效的索引技术以支持基于图像内容的检索。介绍了医学影像数据库索引技术的特点，比较分析了几种典型的空间数据索引方法（如R树、VA文件、A树、NB树和M树）及其作为医学图像数据库索引的性能。     

Effects of priming duration on retention over the first 1 1/2 years of life

Exposing individuals to an isolated component (a prime) of a prior event alleviates its forgetting. Two experiments with 120 human infants between 3 and 18 months of age determined the minimum duration of a prime that can reactivate a forgotten memory and how long the reactivated memory persists. Infants learned an operant task, forgot it, were exposed to the prime, and later were tested for renewed retention. In Experiment 1, the minimum duration of an effective prime decreased logarithmically with age, but was always longer than the duration of a mere glance. In Experiment 2, the reactivated memory was forgotten twice as fast after a minimum-duration prime as after a full-length one, irrespective of priming delay and infant age. These data reveal that the minimum effective prime duration psychophysically equates the accessibility of forgotten memories. We conclude that priming is perceptually based with effects that are organized on a ratio (log) scale.     

Social/sexual awareness of persons with autism: A parental perspective

A parental survey that addressed the social sexual awareness, sex education, and sex behaviors of persons with autism, a developmental disability is provided. Questionnaires from 100 caregivers of persons with autism 9 years of age and older and with the DSM-III-R diagnosis were analyzed. Eighty-five percent of respondents were mothers, 8% both parents, 5% fathers, and 2% others; 32% of the persons with autism were female and 68% male with an age range of 9.1 to 38.9 years. The verbal level of the person with autism related to parents' beliefs about the relevance of sex relations (² = 6.99, p < 0.05) and sex education (² = 22.91, p < 0.001). No relationship between parents' report of the verbal level of the individual and the display of inappropriate sexual behaviors was found (² = 2.56, ns). Parents of males were more concerned about their son being taken advantage of by a same-sex person (² = 15.90, p < 0.001); parents of females were worried about an opposite-sex person (² = 4.06, p < 0.05). Parental concerns and beliefs regarding sexuality varied and could not be generalized. The nonsignificant finding regarding verbal level and display of inappropriate sexual behaviors suggests that the need for sex education is best determined by the behaviors of the person rather than the functioning or verbal levels.