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51.
The five-factor taxonomy of personality traits has received increasing attention in the literature regarding personality correlates of health outcomes and behaviors. We examined the association of the five NEO Five-Factor Inventory dimensions to medical regimen adherence in a sample of 72 renal dialysis patients. Results indicated that Conscientiousness (Dimension III) is a five-factor trait significantly associated with adherence to the medication regimen. No other NEO-FFI dimension was significantly associated with patient adherence. 相似文献
52.
Georg H. Eifert Stephanie E. Hodson Doreen R. Tracey L. Seville Kumar Gunawardane 《Journal of behavioral medicine》1996,19(4):385-399
Psychological features and complaints of persons presenting to medical settings with heart-focused anxiety and noncardiac chest pain are poorly understood. Comparing 20 healthy heart-anxious patients to cardiac and surgical inpatients and nonpatient controls, we found that healthy heart-anxious patients (a) were as afraid of chest pain and heart palpitations as inpatients with heart disease, (b) were as incapacitated by symptoms and using medical services as much as both inpatient groups; and (c) reported higher levels of cardiac disease conviction, heart awareness, and behaviors designed to protect their heart than surgical patients and nonpatients. Compared to all other groups, healthy heart-anxious patients reported more panic and other anxiety disorders, hypochondriacal beliefs, physical symptoms, obsessive-compulsive concerns, and negative affect. Following a hyperventilation test, heart-anxious patients also indicated more distressing symptoms and thoughts, and felt less safe and in control than surgical patients and nonpatients. Results support efforts for a timely recognition, diagnosis, and behavioral treatment of persons with heart-focused anxiety. 相似文献
53.
Children''s perceptions of chronic illness: the roles of disease symptoms, cognitive development, and information 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
This experiment considered the acceptance of chronically illchildren by their peers as a result of the peer's level of cognitivedevelopment, the type of disease, and the amount of informationprovided. The results of multivariate and univariate analysesof variance indicate that (a) children's comprehension of illnessescan be improved significantly with the provision of explanatoryinformation, although preoperational children are less ableto retain specifics, (b) preoperational children as well asuninformed children perceived themselves as significantly morevulnerable to contagion, (c) the more observable illness wasseen as significantly less attractive, and (d) provision ofinformation about the nature of a highly observable illnesstended to decrease rather than increase attraction. 相似文献
54.
Holmes Clarissa S.; Respess Deedrah; Greer Tammy; Frentz Johnette 《Journal of pediatric psychology》1998,23(3):179-185
Objective: The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL; T. M. Achenbach,1991), when used to assess the behavior of children with diabetes,may contain confounds because some behavioral items can havea physiologic etiology, and may skew reports of behavioral disturbance. Methods: Two techniques were used to disentangle possible scoringconfounds in the behavioral ratings of children with and withoutdiabetes: (1) the Somatic Complaints scale was deleted, or (2)Diabetes Items, identified a priori with 89% agreement by ninemedical personnel, were deleted. Results: As expected, with traditionally scored protocols, childrenwith diabetes obtained higher Internalizing and Total BehaviorProblem scores than controls. This group difference persistedwhether the Somatic Complaints scale or the Diabetes Items weredeleted. Conclusions: Compared to controls, children with diabetes obtainedmildly elevated scores on six of the eight CBCL scales, regardlessof scoring method, suggesting that their mildly elevated behavioralprofile is not confounded by physiologic symptomatology. 相似文献
55.
Charles H. Bombardier George W. Divine John S. Jordan W. Blair Brooks Francis A. Neelon 《Journal of behavioral medicine》1993,16(5):467-484
Cluster analysis of the MMPI has been utilized widely in the chronic low back pain literature to try to identify reliable patient subtypes predictive of treatment outcome. We extended this methodology to patients with heterogeneous chronic medical conditions by replicating prototypic MMPI cluster group profiles and by relating cluster groups to clinical baseline and outcome data. Subjects were two independent samples (n=254 and n=263) of chronically ill patients admitted to an inpatient medicine/psychiatry unit. Using a four-cluster solution, similar cluster profile groups were replicated in both samples. Consistent differences emerged between cluster groups on functional impairment, psychiatric diagnoses, depression, and psychosomatic symptoms. Cluster group membership also predicted changes in functional impairment and depression six months after treatment. Results are discussed in terms of similarities between chronic low back pain and chronic illness and tailoring treatment to different patient types.This research was supported in part by a grant from the Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation. 相似文献
56.
为探讨“军字1号”工程使用前后的病案首页质量变化,本文通过作者所在医院近八年病案首页的质量调查统计,对“军字1号”工程使用前后的病案首页质量作了详细的对照分析比较,为进一步加强“军字1号”工程中的病案首页质量管理提供经验。 相似文献
57.
Adherence-Facilitating Behaviors of a Multidisciplinary Pediatric Rheumatology Staff 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Thompson Suzanne M.; Dahlquist Lynnda M.; Koenning Gaye M.; Bartholomew L. Kay 《Journal of pediatric psychology》1995,20(3):291-297
Investigated the behaviors of pediatric rheumatology healthcare providers that were expected to be related to patient orparent adherence. Medical charts of 108 patients ages 1 to 20years diagnosed with Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis were examined.The 473 outpatient visits over 15 months yielded a total of2,578 treatment recommendations, but only 1,390 adherence-facilitatingbehaviors by medical staff were documented. Providing informationabout how often to perform the recommendation was the most commonstaff behavior. In contrast, care providers rarely indicatedthat they addressed their patients' concerns and barriers toimplementing the recommendations, or employed behavior modificationstrategies to increase adherence. Implications of these findingsfor development of programs designed to increase treatment adherencein children with chronic diseases requiring time-consuming,intrusive medical regimens are discussed. 相似文献
58.
The primary purpose of the present study was to increase our understanding of the roles of chronicity and controllability in the measurement of stress within the context of stress-illness relationships. Controllability and chronicity were assessed directly using a modified version of the Everyday Problems Scale. In addition to this scale, measures of depression, psychosomatic symptoms, and social support were administered to 128 women and 100 men. The results indicated that, for both men and women, the number of stressors was the best single predictor of symptoms. However, for women, chronicity and controllability of the stressors accounted for a significant amount of the variance in health outcomes over and above that accounted for by the number of stressors endorsed; for men, the addition of neither chronicity nor controllability consistently increased the strength of the association. While available social support was not found to influence the stress-illness relationships, greater willingness to utilize social support was associated with lower levels of depression. 相似文献
59.
W H Berrettini J I Nurnberger P Hotvedt S Simmons-Alling E S Gershon 《Journal of affective disorders》1985,8(1):55-59
In an attempt to evaluate the role of VIP in affective disorder, measurements of lymphocyte VIP receptors, and plasma and CSF VIP levels were made in unmedicated and lithium-treated euthymic bipolars and controls. Lithium decreased plasma (P = 0.01) and CSF (P = 0.05) VIP levels and increased the affinity (decreased the KD) of the VIP lymphocyte receptor (P less than 0.01). This effect may be relevant to the psychotropic action of lithium in manic-depressive illness. 相似文献
60.
A Contextual Family/Systems Approach to Pediatric Psychology: Introduction to the Special Issue 总被引:2,自引:5,他引:2
Introduced the special issue on "Family System in PediatricPsychology" by organizing the papers around a series of themesrelevant to understanding families in pediatric psychology.Themes reflect the relationships between parent and child adjustment,family subsystems, legacies and traditions, social support systems,family interventions, the constancy of change in families, thechallenges of conducting longitudinal research, the inclusionof fathers, and the importance of a competency framework inpediatric family psychology. The paper concludes with recommendationsfor pediatric family psychology, including suggestions for increasingdiversity, expanding methodological approaches, and enhancingfamily competence. 相似文献