孕早期妇女弓形虫感染对妊娠结局的影响分析

目的：分析孕早期妇女弓形虫感染对妊娠结局的影响。方法回顾性分析该院2014年2月-2015年2月收治的1960例孕妇,根据不同感染情况分为三组,研究A组(活动性感染)、研究B组(既往感染)、研究C组(急性感染),另选取同期120例健康孕妇作为对照组,比较各组妊娠结局情况。结果研究B组与对照组不良结局妊娠发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但研究A组与研究C组比对照组高差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论弓形虫活动性感染与急性感染和孕早期妇女的妊娠结局密切相关,可将检测弓形虫IgM抗体作为孕妇孕前的检查项目之一。     

Indicadores bibliométricos para evaluar la actividad científica

Bibliometric indicators have been devised to quantify scientific production and to try to evaluate its impact in the community. In general, bibliometric indicators can be classified according to whether the unit of analysis is the author (individual or group) or journal. The most widely used indicators for authors are those that measure an individual author's production, such as the Crown index or the h-index and its derivatives (e-index, h5-index, and the absolute or Ab-index, among others). The bibliometric indicators devised to try to evaluate journal quality are associated with Journal Citation Reports (e.g., impact factor, field-weighted citation impact, Eigenfactor, and article influence) or with Scopus (Scimago Journal Rank (SJR), source normalized impact per paper (SNIP), and CiteScore). This article describes the main bibliometric indicators, explains how they are calculated, and discusses their advantages and limitations.     

Variation of the impact duration during the in vitro insertion of acetabular cup implants

The acetabular cup (AC) is an implant impacted into a bone cavity and used for hip prosthesis surgery. Initial stability of the AC is an important factor for long term surgical success. The aim of this study is to determine the variations of the impact duration during AC implant insertion.Twenty-two bone samples taken from bovine femurs were prepared ex vivo for the insertion of an acetabular cup implant, following the surgical procedure used in the clinic. For each bone sample, ten impacts were applied using reproducible mass falls (3.5 kg) in order to insert the AC implant. Each impact duration was recorded using a wide bandwidth force sensor.For all bone samples, the impact duration was shown to first decrease as a function of the impact number, then reaching a stationary value equal in average to 4.2 ± 0.7 ms after an average number of 4.1 ± 1.7 impacts. The impact duration may be related to variations of the bone–implant interface contact rigidity because of an increase the amount of bone tissue in contact with the AC implant.Measurements of impact duration have a good potentiality for clinical application to assist the surgeon during the insertion of the AC implant, providing valuable information on the bone–implant interface contact properties.     

盐城地区7家医院抗肿瘤中成药使用情况调查及 影响因素分析*

目的：对盐城地区7家医院抗肿瘤中成药使用情况进行调查,以促进抗肿瘤中成药的合理使用。方法：随机抽取7家医院2017年7月至2018年6月间收治的肿瘤患者病历共1933份,对其性别、年龄、支付方式及抗肿瘤中成药的名称、剂型、用法用量、金额等进行统计,分析抗肿瘤中成药使用的影响因素。结果与结论：抽取三级综合医院病历470份、三级专科医院451份、二级综合医院1012份,上述医院抗肿瘤中成药使用率分别为24.9%、30.2%、21.4%,单个病例平均抗肿瘤中成药使用种数分别为0.48（0.48~0.60）、0.48（0.48~0.60）、0.48（0.48~0.48）种。各级医院中艾迪注射液使用率均较高。患者性别、年龄、是否手术对各级医院抗肿瘤中成药使用均无影响;而患者是否化疗、支付方式对抗肿瘤中成药使用存在影响。抗肿瘤中成药不合理使用问题主要表现在用法用量、中成药与西药联用、溶媒等方面不适宜。     

Development of a conceptual model of oral health for malocclusion patients

Objectives:To provide an empirical test of the applicability of Locker''s conceptual model of oral health for malocclusion patients, and to suggest alternative models of the effect of malocclusion on well-being.Materials and Methods:Data from a survey of 323 adolescents attending for orthodontic treatment were analyzed to develop a new oral health model for malocclusion patients. Oral health–related quality of life (OHRQoL) was measured using the 14-item Oral Health Impact Profile; malocclusion was measured using the Dental Health Component (DHC) of the Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN). Using structural equation modeling, the relationship between conceptual domains in Locker''s model was explored and three models of their interrelationship tested for goodness of fit.Results:Fit indexes for Locker''s model indicated that it did not fit the data well. Therefore, a modified model was developed to incorporate additional paths between other levels to better fit the data. The best fit was provided by a model in which the direct effects of malocclusion on pain, discomfort, and handicapping—and the direct effect of pain on disability—were removed. A direct effect of functional limitation on disability was allowed. The modified Oral Health Impact Profile model proved to be a good fit to the data (root mean square error of approximation  =  0.069).Conclusion:The pathways identified in Locker''s (1988) conceptual model of oral health may not be appropriate for describing the relationships between OHRQoL constructs in individuals with malocclusion. An alternative model is proposed.     

Adaptation and validation of the Moroccan Arabic version of the Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire (PIDAQ)

Objective

The aims of this study were to translate and culturally adapt the PIDAQ native English version into Moroccan Arabic, and to assess the psychometric characteristics of the version thereby obtained.

Materials and methods

The PIDAQ original English version was sequentially subjected to translation into Moroccan Arabic, back-translation into English, committee review, and pre-testing in 30 subjects seeking orthodontic treatment.

Results

The final Moroccan Arabic version further underwent an analysis of psychometric properties on a random sample of 99 adult subjects (84 females and 15 males, aged 20.97 ± 1.10 years). The intraclass coefficient correlation of the scores of the responses obtained after administration of the questionnaire twice at a 1-month interval to a random sample of 30 subjects ranged from 0.63 for “Self-confidence” to 0.85 for “Social Impact”. Cronbach α coefficients ranging from 0.78 for “Aesthetic Concerns” to 0.87 for “Self-confidence” were obtained; the different subscales of the Moroccan Arabic version of the PIDAQ showed good correlation with the perception of aesthetics and orthodontic treatment need.

Conclusion

The results of the present study indicate that the Moroccan Arabic version of the PIDAQ obtained following thorough adaptation of the native form is both reliable and valid. It is able to capture self-perception of orthodontic aesthetic and treatment need and is consistent with normative need for orthodontic treatment.     

Schistosomiasis in a migrating population in the lake region of China and its potential impact on control operation

Coverage of migrating people in schistosomiasis control program is a growing concern in China. Schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma japonicum is still one of the major infectious diseases of public health importance in China though tremendous efforts have been made to control the transmission over the past decades. Along with the rapid social-economic development, migrant population has been remarkably increasing across the country. The infected migrants may introduce a new souse of infection to endemic areas or the areas where the transmission had been controlled or interrupted but the intermediate host Oncomelania snail is still present. Preliminary studies for surveillance on schistosomiasis prevalence in migrants were reported, but there is little basic information provided. We carried out an investigation on the prevalence in immigrants, emigrants and permanent residents in three villages of Hunan province located in the main endemic area of lake region, and analyzed the potential impact of migration on control practice. In the study villages, the migrant population accounts for 53.6% of the total. Schistosoma infection was detected by modified Kato-Katz method and miracidium hatching test. Questionnaire survey was conducted comprising knowledge of disease and its transmission, water contact, personal protective measures, and whether examined and treated after water contact. The survey indicated that the migrants and permanent residents had similar life style, and the majority of them experienced water contact in agricultural work or routine life activities. However, the infection rate in immigrants was significantly higher than that in permanent residents. It was also found that the migrants had significantly less knowledge about the disease than the permanent residents, and took no personal protective measures. This is due to that the control program could not cover the migrants when they were absent at the time the program being implemented. The present study suggested that the surveillance and intervention for migrants, immigrants in particular, should be included and strengthened in schistosomiasis control program and a feasible scheme be developed.     

200名男男性行为者HIV/STD现患率及影响因素调查

目的 评估北京市男男性行为者艾滋病与其他性传播疾病(STD)的现患率,以及兴奋剂、毒品的使用情况,了解男男性行为者行为特征及疾病感染的危险因素,为对该目标人群实施有效的行为干预措施,控制艾滋病病毒(HIV)传播提供科学依据.方法 以常规监测信息为基础寻找种子,采用滚雪球方法招募200名研究对象.通过问卷调查收集被访者人口学、行为学信息.采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)进行HIV抗体初筛检测,初筛阳性样本采用免疫印迹法(WB)进行确证检测.采用ELISA(IgG)、快速血浆反应素环状卡片试验(RPR)、梅毒螺旋体明胶颗粒凝集试验(TPPA)检测梅毒螺旋体.采集尿道及肛周拭子,采用ELISA法检测衣原体;采用涂片镜检和培养两种方法检测淋球菌.使用Epi Data 3.02软件建立数据库,对问卷及检测结果进行录入,运用SPSS 10.0进行统计学分析.结果 共招募200名男男性行为者作为研究对象,平均年龄(26.44±6.3)岁.过去一年中同性性伴数超过1个的占86.5%,20.5%有异性多性伴.该群体在发生同性性行为时普遍存在主动肛交(77.5%)与被动肛交(63.0%).21.5%的被访者承认既往曾使用过毒品.检出HIV抗体阳性13例,感染率6.5%;TPPA阳性48例,现患率24%;肛门拭子衣原体涂片阳性21例,阳性率10.5%;尿道拭子涂片衣原体阳性19例,阳性率9.5%;淋球菌尿道及肛门拭子涂片、培养阳性1例,阳性率0.5%.结论 男男性行为者行为特征导致其性病、HIV感染风险较高,需要采取有针对性的综合防治措施加以控制.     

MACVIA-LR,Reference site of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) in Languedoc Roussillon

The Région Languedoc-Roussillon is the umbrella organisation for an interconnected and integrated project on AHA covering the 3 pillars of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing. All sub-activities (A1: electronic pharmaceutical file, A2: falls prevention initiative, A3: frailty, B3: chronic respiratory diseases, chronic diseases with comorbidities, oral health and hepatitis virus C chronic infection, C2 and D4 active and independent living and handicap) are included in MACVIA-LR that has a strong political commitment and includes all stakeholders (public, private, patients, policy makers). It is one of the Reference Sites of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing built around chronic diseases, ageing and handicap. The framework of MACVIA-LR has the vision that the prevention and management of CDs is essential for AHA promotion and for the reduction of handicap. The main objective of MACVIA-LR is to develop innovative solutions for a network of Living Labs in order to improve the care of patients affected by CDs in the Languedoc-Roussillon area and to disseminate the innovation.