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61.
Arttu Lahdenperä Anna-Maria Koivusalo Anne Vakkuri Krister Höckerstedt Helena Isoniemi 《Transplant international》2004,17(11):717-723
Abstract A blood purification system, molecular adsorbents re-circulating system (MARS), is based on the removal of both protein-bound and water-soluble substances and toxins in the liver. We treated a total of 88 patients within 2 years. Of these patients, 45 had acute liver failure (ALF), 31 had acute decompensation of chronic liver disease, eight had graft failure and four had miscellaneous conditions. Of the patients with ALF, 80% survived; in 23 patients their own liver recovered and 13 patients underwent successful transplantation. Only 23% of patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure survived. Most of them were not considered for transplantation due to their having liver failure from alcoholism and from not abstaining from drinking. MARS is a promising therapy for ALF, allowing the patient's own liver to recover or allowing enough time to find a liver graft. Best results were achieved in patients who had been intoxicated with a lethal dose of toxin. On the other hand, we did not observe much benefit in patients with severe acute-on-chronic liver failure (AcoChr) who did not undergo liver transplantation. 相似文献
62.
Supportive treatment of patients with haematological disorders mainly takes the form of transfusions of blood and platelets,
and sometimes palliative chemotherapy is given. Most patients are treated in hospital or at the outpatient clinic. However,
it is often difficult for the patients to arrange to come to the hospital, as they need transport by ambulance or taxi and
sometimes a relative to help them. Throughout 1996 we offered such patients supportive treatment at home. A nurse was employed
on the project, who was supplied with a car and a mobile telephone. Treatment was given at home. In all, 17 patients were
treated, with a total of 90 blood and 40 platelet transfusions. At three visits chemotherapy was administered. No complications
were seen, and the patients felt safe and content. We conclude that supportive treatment at home is safe and well accepted
by patients and their relatives. In addition, the costs for transportation and hospital care of this patient group were reduced. 相似文献
63.
The clinical aspects of peritonitis and catheter infections were reviewed in 64 children on continuous ambulatory peritoneal
dialysis living in Saudi Arabia over a period of 6 years. Peritonitis occurred in 41 children (64%). The mean time from starting
dialysis to the first episode of peritonitis was 7.2 months. The incidence of peritonitis was 1 episode in 9 treatment months.
Gram-negative organisms were responsible for the majority of episodes (42%), followed by Gram-positive organisms (20%), and
Candida albicans (6%); 32% were culture negative. Recurrent peritonitis was present in 20 cases. Catheter was replaced in 24 patients: 44%
due to recurrent peritonitis. Peritoneal membrane loss occurred in 7 patients, 3 had Candida peritonitis and 3 had recurrent peritonitis due to Pseudomonas. The mortality rate was 4.6% but none of the deaths were related to peritonitis or dialysis.
Received August 23, 1995; received in revised form October 2, 1996; accepted October 18, 1996 相似文献
64.
Binding of sulfaethidole to bovine serum albumin was studied by equilibrium dialysis, fluorescence probe technique, uv difference
spectrophotometry and circular dichroism. Equilibrium dialysis method enabled us to estimate the total number of drug binding
sites of albumin molecule. For sulfaethidole, albumin had 6 primary and 40 secondary binding sites. The primary and secondary
binding constants were 0.9×105 M−1 and 0.2×106 M−1, respectively. 1-Anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS) and 2-(4′-hydroxylbenzeneazo)-benzoic acid (HBAB) were used as the
fluorescence probe and the uv spectrophotometric probe, respectively. In fluorescence probe technique, results indicated that
the number of higher affinity drug binding site of albumin was 1 and the number of lower affinity drug binding sites of albumin
was 3, and the primary and secondary drug binding constants for bovine serum albumin were 2.15×105 M−1 and 1.04×105 M−1, respectively. In uv difference spectrophotometry, binding sites were 3 and binding constant was 1.88×105 M−1. The above results suggest that several different methods should be used in ompensation for insufficient information about
drug binding to albumin molecule given by only one method. 相似文献
65.
Despite low end dialysis serum phosphate levels (Pe) the control of phosphate retention remains often unsatisfactory in dialyzed patients. In order to assess the value of Pe in dialyzed children as an indicator of dialytic phosphate removal, we studied serum phosphate kinetics over the period of
dialysis and post dialysis and compared these with urea kinetics. A multicenter study was conducted in the 21 French pediatric
hemodialysis units and included 144 children under 15 years of age. Blood urea and phosphate concentrations were measured
at the beginning, at 45 min later, at the end of dialysis, and 30 min post dialysis. At 60 min and at 360 min post dialysis
measurements were made only for a subgroup of 12 children. From the serum levels, reduction ratios for urea (URR) and phosphate
(PRR) and post dialysis rebound for urea (PDUR) and phosphate (PDPR) were calculated. URR (over the dialysis session, 72%±9%)
was higher than PRR (47%±12%). Moreover, urea removal continued throughout the dialysis period, while most of the reduction
in phosphate occurred in the initial dialysis period. Post dialysis urea rebound was limited to the 60th min post dialysis,
whereas post dialysis phosphate rebound occurred until the 360th min post dialysis; by this time the serum phosphate levels
had almost reached the predialysis levels. In summary, serum phosphate kinetics over dialysis and post dialysis periods in
children appear to be misleading for the quantification of phosphate removal, i. e., phosphate clearance is a poor indicator
of dialytic phosphate removal.
Received September 21, 1995; received in revised form and accepted June 11, 1996 相似文献
66.
67.
报告50例(53眼)锯齿缘断离视网膜脱离的临床特点与术式,正确地选择术式视网膜复位率达100%,其中1次复位率为90.57%,讨论了4种术式的适应症,作用原理和复位率。认为正确选择术式与疗效有密切关系。 相似文献
68.
蘑菇多糖对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞作用的体外研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的 观察蘑菇多糖对小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞免疫调节作用及对体外培养的肿瘤细胞作用的影响。方法 采用比色法测定经蘑菇多糖处理的巨噬细胞内LDH的活性。MTT法观察蘑菇多糖与巨噬细胞的共同培养上清对HL-60细胞及K562细胞的抑制率。结果 (1)蘑菇多糖明显激活小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的共同培养上清对HL-60细胞及K562细胞的抑制率。结果 (1)蘑菇多糖明显激活小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,显著提高巨噬细胞的LDH活性;(2)蘑菇多糖作用下的巨噬细胞上清液可显著抑制HL-60细胞及K562细胞的增殖。结论 蘑菇多糖的抗肿瘤作用可能是通过激活小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的活性实现的。 相似文献
69.
Erica KNEIPP Richard MURRAY Kevin WARR Cherelle FITZCLARENCE Marie WEARNE Graeme MAGUIRE 《Nephrology (Carlton, Vic.)》2004,9(S4):S121-S125
SUMMARY: The incidence of end-stage renal failure (ESRF) in the Kimberley region at the top end of Western Australia far exceeds known national rates and trend analysis demonstrates a close parallel to what is occurring in the Northern Territory. Dialysis prevalence in the Kimberley has nearly tripled in the last decade and has increased at a much faster rate than the rest of Western Australia. Almost all of these people with ESRF are Aboriginal Australians living in remote communities.
In January 2004, the Western Australia Country Health Service and Kimberley Aboriginal Medical Services' Council, under the auspices of the Kimberley Aboriginal Health Planning Forum, embarked upon a review of renal disease in the Kimberley funded by the Western Australia Department of Health. The main purpose of the review was to identify the scope of the problem and make projections upon which to base programme and service development over the next 10 years.
This paper outlines the findings of the Review of Renal Disease in the Kimberley and presents, for the first time, regional data analysis and comparisons. In addition, future projections on the impact of ESRF and recommendations for improving current service delivery are discussed. Given the challenges of remoteness and individuals' desire to return home, this review recommends development of locally-based expertise capable of providing training and support to patients and their families, reinvigoration of community-based dialysis modalities, and the initiation of planning for a second satellite service in the Kimberley. 相似文献
In January 2004, the Western Australia Country Health Service and Kimberley Aboriginal Medical Services' Council, under the auspices of the Kimberley Aboriginal Health Planning Forum, embarked upon a review of renal disease in the Kimberley funded by the Western Australia Department of Health. The main purpose of the review was to identify the scope of the problem and make projections upon which to base programme and service development over the next 10 years.
This paper outlines the findings of the Review of Renal Disease in the Kimberley and presents, for the first time, regional data analysis and comparisons. In addition, future projections on the impact of ESRF and recommendations for improving current service delivery are discussed. Given the challenges of remoteness and individuals' desire to return home, this review recommends development of locally-based expertise capable of providing training and support to patients and their families, reinvigoration of community-based dialysis modalities, and the initiation of planning for a second satellite service in the Kimberley. 相似文献
70.
目的 观察促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素(CRH)在大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞的表达变化规律.方法 体外培养大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,采用RT-PCR及ELISA技术检测正常及脂多糖(LPS)、佛波脂(PMA)刺激后,细胞CRH mRNA转录水平及CRH多肽合成水平.结果 RT-PCR结果显示,正常大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞内有一定水平的CRH mRNA,LPS及PMA刺激后,细胞内CRH mRNA水平均显著增高(P<0.01).在多肽水平,正常大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞可表达低水平的CRH[约(0.07±0.01)ng/107cells],LPS及PMA促进了CRH多肽的合成(P<0.01).结论 正常大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞可合成表达CRH,其水平在活化后大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞显著上调. 相似文献