哌甲酯对注意缺陷多动障碍儿童平衡功能影响的开放性研究

目的:探讨哌甲酯能否改善注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)的平衡功能,以及平衡功能变化和临床症状变化之间的关系.方法:评价哌甲酯缓释剂治疗前后23例(男19例,女4例)ADHD患儿的平衡功能,并与年龄相匹配的38例正常男孩的平衡功能相比较.平衡功能的评价使用平衡功能测试仪(SMART EquiTest)中的感觉整合测试(sensory organization test,SOT).使用ADHD评定量表-Ⅳ(父母版)和父母填写的IOWA Conners量表评定症状.结果:治疗后ADHD平均平衡分(75.70±10.30),状态5、6的平衡分(61.84±14.19和65.88±15.41),状态4、5的策略分(89.20±3.17和83.22±6.56),前庭感觉比(67.64±14.43)均高于治疗前(68.70±11.96,49.81±16.26,57.61±16.72,86.84±4.49,78.55±6.55和54.46±17.27,均P＜0.05).治疗前ADHD组男孩平均平衡分(67.95±12.17)和6种状态下的平衡分(分别为90.72±2.49,85.47±6.11,83.42±9.95,70.18±18.03,47.89±16.93和57.00±15.68),状态1的策略分(98.02±1.52),视觉和前庭感觉比(77.20±19.23和52.62±18.15)都低于正常对照组(分别为77.71±6.20,93.14±2.45,89.59±4.22,89.13±5.06,83.11±5.75,60.11±10.11,69.75±12.03,98.68±0.39,89.22±5.43和64.41±10.03,均P＜0.05);治疗后ADHD患儿仅有状态1的平衡分(90.82±2.98)和策略分(97.91±1.16)与正常对照组(93.14±2.45和98.68±0.39)相比差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).治疗前后SOT各项结果的变化幅度和ADHD评定量表总分、注意缺陷分、多动冲动分、IOWA Conners量表I/O和O/D分的减分率之间的相关性差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论:哌甲酯对平衡系统有直接的作用,能够在一定程度上提高ADHD患儿的平衡功能.     

静态平衡仪在痉挛型双瘫脑瘫患儿平衡功能康复中的应用

目的探讨应用静态平衡仪对痉挛型双瘫脑瘫患儿平衡功能的康复效果。方法24例痉挛型双瘫脑瘫患儿在常规康复训练的基础上接受平衡仪视觉反馈训练,于训练前后分别应用Berg平衡量表和静态平衡仪测试患儿睁眼和闭眼状态下的平衡功能。结果训练8周后,患儿Berg量表得分增高(P<0.05);静态平衡仪测得稳定性系数、跌倒指数、体重分布系数等均降低(P<0.05～0.01)。结论静态平衡仪可以评估脑瘫患儿的平衡功能,并进行平衡功能康复。     

Determination of Drug Binding to Plasma Proteins Using Competitive Equilibrium Binding to Dextran-Coated Charcoal

A method for determination of drug binding to plasma proteins, which is based on the comparison of drug affinities to plasma proteins and dextran-coated charcoal, is described. The method is free of nonspecific binding feature. The fractions unbound obtained by the charcoal method are in good agreement with values from a traditional ultrafiltration method for various low and highly bound compounds. The method presently requires drug concentrations much less than that of plasma proteins. A possibility of using the method to determine protein binding at an arbitrary drug concentration is discussed. A mechanism of nonspecific binding of drug to ultrafiltration membranes, which yields a good agreement with experimental observations, is suggested.     

Driven equilibrium magnetic resonance imaging of articular cartilage: initial clinical experience

PURPOSE: To evaluate three-dimensional driven equilibrium Fourier transform (3D-DEFT) for image quality and detection of articular cartilage lesions in the knee. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We imaged 104 consecutive patients with knee pain with 3D-DEFT and proton density (PD-FSE) and T2-weighted (T2-FSE) fast spin echo. Twenty-four went on to arthroscopy. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) efficiency were measured. Subjective image quality, fat suppression, and cartilage thickness visibility were assessed. Cartilage lesions on 3D-DEFT and T2-FSE were compared with findings outlined in operative reports. RESULTS: SNR efficiency was higher for 3D-DEFT and PD-FSE than for T2-FSE (P < 0.02). 3D-DEFT and PD-FSE showed superior cartilage thickness visibility compared with T2-FSE (P < 0.02). T2-FSE showed better fat suppression and fewer image artifacts than 3D-DEFT (P < 0.04). 3D-DEFT had similar sensitivity and similar specificity for cartilage lesions compared with PD-FSE and T2-FSE. CONCLUSION: 3D-DEFT provides excellent synovial fluid-to-cartilage contrast while preserving signal from cartilage, giving this method a high cartilage SNR. 3D-DEFT shows the full cartilage thickness better than T2-FSE. T2-FSE had superior fat saturation and fewer artifacts than 3D-DEFT. Overall, 3D-DEFT requires further technical development, but is a promising method for imaging articular cartilage.     

Master Amino acid pattern® as sole and total substitute for dietary proteins during a weight-loss diet to achieve the body’s nitrogen balance equilibrium

Results of this multicentric study have shown that by giving Master Amino acid Pattern (MAP) as a sole and total substitute of dietary proteins to 500 overweight participants undergoing the American Nutrition Clinics/Overweight Management Program (ANC/OMP), the participants' body nitrogen balance could be maintained in equilibrium with essentially no calories (MAP 1 g=0.04 kcal), thereby preserving the body's structural and functional proteins, eliminating excessive water retention from the interstitial compartment, and preventing the sudden weight increase after study conclusion commonly known as the yo-yo effect. Study results have shown that the use of MAP, in conjunction with the ANC/OMP regimen, has proven to be safe and effective by preventing those adverse effects associated with a negative nitrogen balance, such as oversized or flabby tissue, stretch marks, the sagging of breast tissue, increased hair loss, faded hair color, and fragile or brittle nails. Also prevented were those anomalies commonly associated with weight-loss diets, such as hunger, weakness, headache caused by ketosis, constipation, and decreased libido. The use of MAP in conjunction with the ANC/OMP also allowed for mean weight loss of 2.5 kg (5.5 lb) per week, achieved through reduction of excessive fat tissue and elimination of excessive water retention from the interstitial compartment.     

Effect of static and dynamic influences on receptors of equilibrium organ of Helix lucorum after 163-day orbital flight in "Mir" station

A 163-day orbital flight increased the baseline impulse activity of statocyst receptor cells in terrestrial pulmonata snail Helix lucorum. The maximum of reaction to step static stimuli (changes in body position in the range from 0 to 180°) was significantly shifted by 30° from gravitational vertical, while the reaction to dynamic stimuli (dumped sinusoidal oscillations) faded more rapidly than in control animals.     

Statistical Methods for the Analysis of Genetic Association Studies

This paper applies a retrospective logistic regression model ( Prentice, 1976 ) using a sandwich variance estimator ( White, 1982 ; Zeger et al. 1985 ) to genetic association studies in which alleles are treated as dependent variables. The validity of switching the positions of allele and trait variables in the regression model is ensured by the invariance property of the odds ratio. The approach is shown to be able to accommodate many commonly seen designs, matched or unmatched alike, having either binary or quantitative traits. The resultant score statistic has potentially higher power than those that have previously appeared in the genetics literature. As a regression model in general, this approach may also be applied to incorporate covariates. Numerical examples implemented with standard software are presented.     

架起"健康"的桥梁——医患矛盾的现状调查及寻求医患关系平衡点的探索性研究

调查了医患关系的现状并寻求解决或者缓和医患矛盾的途径，提出了一套“金融保险和医疗法律复合型人才介入医疗纠纷处理”的方案并探索其可行性。通过对上海、苏州几家具有代表性的市级医院的医生和患者以及几所著名高校的医学生和法学生总计742份的问卷调查，同时结合与几个知名保险公司、法院的相关负责人的访谈发现：虽然现今的医患关系某种程度上说有些紧张，医疗纠纷处理的现状不容乐观、但大家对医患关系的前景还是充满了希望。与此同时．提出的设想也得到了社会各界的认同与支持。     

中原原油常压馏分油的加压汽-液平衡常数

以中原原油常压馏分油为原料,在0.493～1.474MPa压力下,测定了116个窄馏分相平衡常数。考察了Soave(SRK)方程、Grayson-Streed(G-S)关联和GS-SRK关联三个汽液平衡模型,对中原常压馏分油加压汽-液平衡计算的适用性。结果表明,Soave方程预测结果最好,其对平衡常数预测平均相对误差为10.2%,对温度预测绝对平均相对误差为4.7℃。     

布鲁氏菌亲水性蛋白对电泳图谱成型影响的初步观察

提取布鲁氏菌外膜蛋白的过程中发现在光滑型、粗糙型、非典型菌细胞中都存在着一组亲水性的小分子蛋白(MW<28kD),实验证明,这组小分子蛋白的存在是获得清晰,真切的布鲁氏菌外膜蛋白电泳图谱不可缺少的一个因素。推测小分子亲水性外膜蛋白参与了布鲁氏菌已被公认的三组外膜蛋白之间的相互作用。因此,它是外膜蛋白达到综合平衡的必要组成部分。