Long-Term Weight Loss and Metabolic Health in Adults Concerned With Maintaining or Losing Weight: Findings From NHANES

More than two-thirds of American adults are overweight or obese, with many attempting to lose weight to avoid adverse health outcomes and improve well-being. Achieving long-term weight loss (LTWL) success, defined as reaching at least a 5% to 10% weight loss goal, is challenging, yet important for overall metabolic health. It is currently unclear whether achieving higher thresholds of LTWL is associated with improved health. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the association between LTWL thresholds (5%-9.9%, 10%-14.9%, 15%-19.9%, ≥20%) and metabolic health (metabolic syndrome and metabolic risk z score) among 7670 US adult respondents to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2014) who were overweight or obese (past or present), were not underweight in the past year, not pregnant, and attempting to lose or maintain weight. A subsample of 3362 participants was used in the analysis of the metabolic risk z score. Multivariable regression models were constructed adjusting for covariates. Results indicate that the lowest and the 2 highest LTWL thresholds were related to lower odds for metabolic syndrome; for example, greater than or equal to 20% LTWL (odds ratio=0.52; 95% CI, 0.23-0.44; P<.001). All LTWL thresholds were significantly associated with the metabolic risk z score, with the largest effect among the 2 highest LTWL thresholds, that is, 15% to 19.9% LTWL (β=?0.45; 95% CI, ?0.54 to ?0.36; P<.001) and greater than or equal to 20% LTWL (β=?0.35; 95% CI, ?0.53 to ?0.17; P<.001). In conclusion, although achieving the currently recommended LTWL target was related to improved metabolic health, the 15% LTWL threshold was associated with more favorable outcomes.     

A seven-year study on an integrated hospital-community diabetes management program in Chinese patients with diabetes

Aims

To assess whether an integrated hospital-community diabetes management program could improve major cardiovascular risk factor control among patients with diabetes in real-world clinical settings.

降脂通脉胶囊联合藻酸双酯钠治疗高脂血症的临床研究

目的探讨降脂通脉胶囊联合藻酸双酯钠片治疗高脂血症的临床疗效。方法选择2018年3月-2019年3月在陕西省荣誉军人康复医院治疗的高脂血症患者86例,根据用药的差别分为对照组(43例)和治疗组(43例)。对照组口服藻酸双酯钠片,50mg/次,3次/d;治疗组在对照组基础上口服降脂通脉胶囊,2.0g/次,3次/d。两组患者经4周治疗。观察两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、三酰甘油(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、嗜酸性粒细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)、摄食抑制因子-1(NSF-1)、硫氧还蛋白相互作用蛋白(TXNIP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TFN-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、脂联素(ADP)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)水平。结果治疗后,对照组临床有效率为81.40%,显著低于治疗组的97.67%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者TC、TG、LDL-C、ECP、IL-1β、TFN-α、TXNIP、NSF-1和MDA水平均显著降低(P<0.05),而HDL-C、ADP、SOD和GSH-Px水平均显著升高(P<0.05),且治疗组患者这些指标明显好于对照组(P<0.05)。结论降脂通脉胶囊联合藻酸双酯钠片治疗高脂血症可有效降低血脂指标,促进机体细胞因子和氧化应激指标的改善,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

Bilirubin and its changes were negatively associated with diabetic kidney disease incidence and progression: A five-year's cohort study based on 5323 Chinese male diabetic patients

Aims

This study aimed to evaluate the association between baseline bilirubin (TBiL) and follow-up TBiL changes for diabetic kidney disease (DKD) incidence and progression based on a 5?years' cohort study.

心脑清软胶囊联合匹伐他汀治疗高脂血症的临床研究

目的探讨心脑清软胶囊联合匹伐他汀治疗高脂血症的临床疗效。方法选取2017年7月—2018年7月在河北省第七人民医院进行治疗的88例高脂血症患者,根据住院号的奇偶数分为对照组和治疗组,每组各44例。对照组饭后口服匹伐他汀钙片,1片/次,1次/d。治疗组在对照组治疗基础上饭后口服心脑清软胶囊,2粒/次,3次/d。两组均治疗8周后进行效果比较。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组治疗前后血脂指标、肥胖指标、血清学指标和氧化应激指标的变化情况。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别是81.82%、93.18%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均较治疗前显著降低,而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平均增高,同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,治疗组TC、TG、LDL-C水平显著低于对照组,而HDL-C水平高于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组体质量、肥胖度、体质量指数、体脂率都明显下降,同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,治疗组这些肥胖指标明显低于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、肿瘤坏死因素-α(TFN-α)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、嗜酸粒细胞阳离子蛋白(ECP)、总氧化态(TOS)水平均较治疗前显著下降,而总抗氧化态(TAS)和对氧磷酶-1(PON1)表达水平均增高,同组治疗前后比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,治疗组hs-CRP、TFN-α、IFN-γ、ECP、TOS水平低于对照组,而TAS和PON1表达水平均高于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论心脑清软胶囊联合匹伐他汀治疗高脂血症具有较好的临床疗效,可有效降低血脂水平和肥胖指标,改善机体炎症反应,改善机体氧化应激状态,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

盾叶冠心宁片联合氟伐他汀治疗高脂血症的临床研究

目的探讨盾叶冠心宁片联合氟伐他汀钠胶囊治疗高脂血症的临床疗效。方法选取2018年2月—2019年2月在西宁市第三人民医院治疗的高脂血症患者102例,将患者根据药品应用的差别分为治疗组与对照组(每组51例)。对照组睡前口服氟伐他汀钠胶囊,20 mg/次,1次/d,必要时可40 mg/次,1次/d;治疗组除了给予氟伐他汀钠胶囊外还给予盾叶冠心宁片,0.32g/次,3次/d,口服。两组均经4周治疗。观察两组患者临床疗效,同时比较治疗前后两组患者血脂水平、血清超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、摄食抑制因子-1(NSF-1)、P选择素(CD62P)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和脂联素(ADP)水平及肥胖指标体质量(W)、肥胖度(A)、体质量指数(BMI)和体脂率(F)。结果治疗后,在有效率上对照组为80.39%,远低于治疗组(96.08%,P0.05)。经治疗,两组TC、TG、LDL-C表达均降低,HDL-C表达均增高,但治疗组最明显(P0.05)。经治疗,两组血清hs-CRP、NSF-1、CD62P、IFN-γ、IL-1β表达均下降,ADP表达均增高,且以治疗组最为显著(P0.05)。治疗后,两组W、A、BMI、F水平均降低,且以治疗组最为显著(P0.05)。结论高脂血症采用盾叶冠心宁片与氟伐他汀钠胶囊共同治疗能够明显改善患者血脂,促进机体细胞因子的改善,有利于肥胖指标的恢复,有着很好应用价值。     

HIV／AIDS病人CD4^＋T淋巴细胞计数与HDL—C水平的相关性

目的探讨未经高效抗反转录病毒治疗（HAART）的艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染者／艾滋病（AIDS）病人（HIV／AIDS病人）,不同CD4^＋T淋巴细胞（CD4细胞）水平的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）的水平。方法选择未进行HAART的HIV／AIDS病人,同时检测CD4细胞计数和空腹血脂水平,比较不同CD4细胞水平的HIV／AIDS病人的血脂水平,重点观察HDL—C的变化。结果CD4细胞计数与HDL—C水平呈正相关（P〈0．01）,CD4细胞计数〉200／μL组的107例病人的HDL—C为（1．02±0．29）mmol／L,≤200／μL组的139例病人的HDL～C为（0．84±0．35）mmol／L,≤200／μL病人的HDL-C较〉200／μL病人明显降低（P〈0．01）。而CD4细胞计数在200～51／μL的病人HDL-C为（0．96±0．30）mmol／L,≤50／μL的病人HDL-C为（0．72±0．36）mmol／L,≤50／μL的HDL-C降低更明显（P〈0．01）。结论HIV感染可导致血脂异常,HAART之前的HIV／AIDS病人中,主要是HDL—C及载脂蛋白A1的降低,随着CD4细胞计数减少,HDL-C水平随之降低,心血管疾病（CVD）的危险随之升高。     

Association between triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol change following fibrate therapy

BackgroundDebate surrounding the role of fibrates has followed mixed outcomes from several randomised controlled trials. Subgroup analysis of even the negative trials reveals significant reduction in cardiovascular risk amongst patients with low HDL-C and high TG. We previously described factors associated with HDL-C change following fibrates. As fibrates influence both HDL-C and TG levels via their action on PPAR-α, we now wished to study TG change following fibrate therapy and any associations with baseline and change in HDL-C and TC levels.MethodsData was collected from case notes of patients started on fibrates (n = 248) between 2002 and 2008 in the lipid clinics at Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust. Regression analyses were carried out to determine factors associated with changes in TG.ResultsMultiple regression analysis revealed that TG change was associated with pre-treatment TG (p < 0.001) and TC levels (p = 0.029). The association between TG change and pre-treatment TG remained significant when all factors including gender, concurrent statin treatment, diabetes and baseline HDL-C were entered into the regression model. Our previous study demonstrated significant post-fibrate HDL-C change in the group with baseline HDL-C values <1.0 mmol/l. In our present study significant TG reduction was observed regardless of the baseline patient characteristics including HDL-C levels.ConclusionsThe actions of fibrates are considered to be mediated via PPAR-α, but our data suggest that the effects on TG and HDL-C are different. Thus, the mechanisms mediating the changes of these lipids following fibrate treatment may vary.