心理弹性(resilience)研究综述

弹性（resilience）日益为心理学界所关注，已经成为心理学的一个重要研究领域。文章追溯了弹性研究的渊源，介绍了众多研究者对于弹性的认识，回顾了弹性领域研究的进展情况，对以往的研究进行了评价，对以后的研究进行了展望。     

159名精神科医生的心理健康状况调查

目的了解精神科医生心理健康状况。方法应用统一编制的一般状况调查表、焦虑自评量表(SAS)、症状自评量表(SCL-90)对某精神病专科医院临床一线工作的医生,共计159人进行问卷调查。结果159名精神科医生的SAS总的标准分为37.54士8.73,SCL-90中至少1个因子平均分大于3分者占15.06%;SCL-90各因子得分除恐怖因子外,其他因子分均高于国内正常人的水平,差异均有显著性(P<0.05);男女医生之间差异无显著性。结论精神科医生普遍存在心理卫生问题,社会应该给予充分关注。     

基因组序列CGR图形表示的多重分形分析

为了更好地描述基因组序列CGR(chaos-game representation)图形的分形特征,引入多重分形理论进行分析。通过研究3种概率集对标度不变性范围的影响,选取出标度不变性最好的概率集,计算光滑的广义维数谱和多重分形谱。结果表明:以相对概率组成概率集时标度不变性最好,而且标度不变性随尺度变化可被分为3个不同的区域,这反映了基因组序列不同长度的序列片段有不同的分布规律。可见,多重分形方法可以用于描述基因组序列CGR图形的分形特征。     

总责任护士主导的医护一体化护理模式在创伤骨科的应用

目的探讨总责任护士主导的医护一体化临床护理模式在创伤骨科的应用效果。 方法选择2016年7月至2017年6月在南京大学医学院附属鼓楼医院创伤骨科行手术治疗的骨折患者200例，按照入院先后顺序分为对照组90例(实施创伤骨科常规护理)和观察组110例(实施医护一体化工作模式，包括成立医护合作小组、实施总责任护士主导的医护一体化查房、个体化诊疗方案的共同决策、疼痛管理、早期出院计划与延续护理)。比较2组患者的术后护理效果和医护合作满意度。对数据行t检验和χ²检验。 结果总责任护士主导的医护一体化模式下，观察组患者术后72 h内数字评分法(NRS)评分为(4.09±1.64)分，疼痛干预有效率为77.57%，对照组术后72 h内NRS评分为(5.15±1.69)分，疼痛干预有效率为57.95%，2组比较差异均有统计学意义(P值均小于0.05)；观察组下肢深静脉血栓、泌尿系统感染、便秘的发生例数分别为2、1、3，对照组下肢深静脉血栓、泌尿系统感染、便秘的发生例数分别为9、7、11，两组比较差异均有统计学意义(χ²＝4.486、4.296、6.812，P＝0.027、0.036、0.009)。观察组术后康复开始时间为(21.48±6.41)h，术后住院时间为(11.08±2.19)d；对照组术后康复开始时间为(36.48±10.75)h，术后住院时间为(13.95±2.93)d，2组比较差异均有统计学意义(t＝11.670、－7.616，P值均小于0.05)。2组医护合作满意度结果显示，观察组患者信息的交流得分为(3.78±0.85)分，共同参与治疗或护理决策得分为(3.86±0.87)分，医师和护士的关系得分为(4.00±0.84)分，总分为(3.87±0.67)分；对照组患者信息的交流得分为(3.32±1.00)分，共同参与治疗或护理决策得分为(3.23±0.93)分，医师和护士的关系得分为(3.45±0.96)分，总分为(3.33±0.84)分，2组比较差异均有统计学意义(P值均小于0.05)。 结论总责任护士主导的医护一体化护理模式的应用，以亚专科为核心，重新整合医护资源，共同参与制订患者的诊疗护理方案，共同聚焦患者安全与质量，加强了医护间的配合，提高了医疗护理服务质量，提升医护合作满意度。     

Orienting and classical conditioning in the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus): effects of septal area lesions

Rabbits with either sham or septal lesions recieved differential classical conditioning training in which tones of different frequencies served as CSs and paraorbital shock served as the UCS. Eyeblink (EB), EMG, and heart rate (HR) CRs were concommitantly assessed. Free field activity was also studied in selected animals. Animals with septal lesions revealed an impaired EB discrimination which resulted from increased responding to the CS-. These animals showed HR CRs of greater magnitude than sham animals. The HR discrimination was, however, unimpaired by septal lesions. Differential EMG activity also occurred, but was unaffected by septal destruction. Septal lesions resulted in greater free-field activity associated with visual stimulation, but no differences were obtained between septal and sham animals in the dark. It is suggested that these results were due to an enhanced reactivity to environmental stimulation, possibly related to dysfunctions of the orienting reflex.     

Unusual reactions following insect stings. Clinical features and immunologic analysis.

Fifteen patients were studied who had unusual reactions following insect stings. These included serum sickness, neurologic disease, renal disease, and delayed hypersensitivity-type reactions. The clinical features are briefly outlined. Measurements were made of serum venom-specific IgE and IgG antibodies. These antibodies were present in some patients and in these instances suggested an immunologic pathogenesis for the reactions. Alternative etiologies for the unusual reactions are also discussed.     

关于孔子心理学思想的认识

本文根据心理学的基本观点，讨论了孔子的心理学思想，着重讨论了孔子学习心理学思想，普通心理学的思想，社会心理学的思想，建议我们应继承和发扬我国优秀的文化遗产和传统，挖掘其积极价值，促进我国心理学的发展。     

综合性医院冠心病病人抑郁/焦虑现况研究

目的：了解综合性医院冠心病患者抑郁和／或焦虑症状患病率及既往诊治情况。方法：采用现况研究方法，于2004年6月1日到12月1日在北京、上海、广州和成都的7家综合性医院的心内科连续收集确诊的冠心病患者359例。由经培训的调查员用统一的调查表进行面对面调查，同时使用综合医院焦虑抑郁量表（HAD）、Hamilton焦虑量表和Hamilton抑郁量表进行心理测评。结果：冠心病患者的抑郁症状、焦虑症状、抑郁合并焦虑症状以及合计的抑郁和／或焦虑症状患病率分别为19．8％，16．7％，13．6％和22．8％；在具有抑郁和／或焦虑症状的非首诊患者中，冠心病患者既往被诊断为抑郁和／或焦虑障碍和接受抗抑郁和／或焦虑治疗的比例均低于4％：住院患者在本次住院期间的抑郁焦虑诊治率低于1％。结论：综合医院冠心病病人具有较高的抑郁和／或焦虑症状和抑郁和／或焦虑障碍患病率．且既往诊治率较低。     

基于PDA的嵌入式ECG监护分析仪

目的为了方便快捷地实时监测心律失常,设计一种基于PDA的嵌入式ECG监护分析仪。方法仪器功能包括低功耗MSP430系列单片机控制心电信号的采集、放大、滤波、转换和在PDA上实时显示、存储和分析,并实现心电数据的远程传输。对仪器工作原理进行分析,把监护分析仪总体结构划分为子模块,并具体介绍各子模块的功能与实现。结果与结论与医院现有的三导全自动心电图机、Holter动态心电图机进行对照,本监护分析仪携带方便、操作简单、接收的心电信号无失真,连续工作时间大于20h等。各高频干扰信号对ECG信号无影响;软件可对心电信号进行实时显示,可连续记录15h的原始心电数据。     

Studies of the antigenicity and allergenicity of phospholipase A2 of bee venom.

The antigenic and allergenic properties of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and whole bee venom were compared by measuring the IgG and IgE antibody responses in animals and man. Precipitating antibodies raised in rabbits and reaginic and other antibodies raised in mice reacted about equally with both bee venom and PLA. The majority of human sera containing bee venom-specific IgE also contained PLA-specific IgE, although in somewhat lower titers. Similarly, most human sera with significant amounts of total antibodies reacting with bee venom also had antibodies reacting with PLA. Histamine and SRS-a release from leukocytes of sensitive patients followed challenge with whole bee venom and PLA in the majority of instances. However, mediator release from several patients' cells was obtained with bee venom only. These studies suggest that although PLA is a major allergen and antigen in bee venom, significant exceptions in patients' reactivity may limit its potential diagnostic and therapeutic usefulness.