碎裂QRS波与病理性Q波诊断陈旧性心肌梗死的对比性研究

目的研究心电图无创新指标：碎裂QRS波（fQRS）诊断陈旧性心肌梗死的价值。方法选择陈旧性心肌梗死患者287例,按碎裂QRS波、病理性Q波、碎裂QRS波和（或）病理性Q波进行分组。分析碎裂QRS波群与陈旧性心肌梗死的关系及其诊断价值。结果碎裂QRS波群在陈旧性心肌梗死中的发生率、敏感性均高于病理性Q波。结论新的无创心电图指标碎裂QRS波群对陈旧性心肌梗死的诊断具有重要价值,对临床有重要的指导意义。     

Visuoperceptual learning in alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome

Relative to the characteristically profound deficits of explicit memory, components of implicit memory remain largely intact in patients with alcohol-induced Korsakoff syndrome (KS). Perceptual priming occurs in KS and transfer of learning has been consistently observed on mirror reading, a perceptual reversal task. Although priming also occurs with fragmented pictures, a perceptual closure task, it is unclear whether transfer of learning can occur. This study examined visuoperceptual learning in 4 men with alcoholic KS, 9 recently detoxified alcoholic men (ALC), 21 healthy age-matched normal control men (NC), and 6 young normal control men (YNC). Subjects were tested with the Gollin Incomplete Pictures Test at initial and 1-hour and 1-day retest sessions. Both alcoholic groups (KS, ALC) were impaired in visuoperceptual ability. All subject groups showed visuoperceptual learning. The KS group showed additional learning after continued exposure to the stimuli, despite their nonmnemonic visuospatial deficits and profound explicit memory impairment for the test stimuli. Transfer of learning to similar but new stimuli was not evident in either the KS or young healthy control subjects; learning occurred only for the specific items presented. The persistence of learning beyond the life of the percept, which was independent of declarative features (such as item recall), suggests that perceptual learning and memory reflects an intact cognitive memory process in KS. This process is likely mediated by posterior cortical networks relatively unaffected in KS and that are independent of the hippocampal-diencephalic declarative memory system.     

急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术不同时间窗对心肌梗死后心肌瘢痕与心脏功能的影响

目的 观察急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)不同时间窗对心肌梗死后心肌瘢痕与心脏功能的影响.方法 对急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者不同时间窗行急诊PCI治疗127例,其中发病3 h急诊PCI组(3 h PCI组)66例,发病6 h急诊PCI组(6 hPCI组)61例.于发病后4、8、12周,应用同步十二导联心电图观察碎裂QRS波(fQRS)、心脏超声斑点追踪成像(STI)观察室壁运动应变比率及心脏超声测定左室射血分数(LVEF).结果 发病后4、8、12周3 h PCI组fQRS阳性导联个数较6 h PCI组明显降低[129个与167个、81个与106个、37个与65个(x2=3.25,5.38,6.13,P均＜0.01)].3 h PCJ组其室壁运动应变改善幅度,LVEF提高的程度,均优于6 h PCI组(P均＜0.05).结论 联合应用fQRS、STI及LVEF评价心肌梗死后心肌瘢痕与心脏功能,优势互补,可明显提高临床诊断心肌瘢痕的阳性预测值,以减少心肌瘢痕形成,保护心脏功能.     

食管癌患者术前睡眠障碍与术后谵妄的相关性

目的探讨食管癌根治术患者术前睡眠障碍与术后谵妄(POD)的相关性,以及睡眠参数与POD的关系。方法选择2019年9—12月择期行食管癌根治术患者97例,男71例,女26例,年龄60～75岁,ASAⅠ或Ⅱ级。根据是否发生POD将患者分为两组:未发生POD组(nPOD组)和发生POD组(POD组)。采用双腔支气管插管全身麻醉,术中维持血流动力学平稳、采用小潮气量肺保护性通气策略,术后采用患者自控静脉镇痛(PCIA)。术前1 d采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表评价睡眠质量,并记录入睡时间、觉醒次数、觉醒时间、睡眠时间等睡眠参数。术后1～7 d采用意识评估(CAM)量表进行认知功能评估。结果术后7 d内共有24例(25%)患者发生POD。与nPOD组比较,POD组术前合并睡眠障碍发生率明显升高,觉醒次数明显增多,觉醒时间明显延长,有效睡眠时间明显缩短,觉醒占总睡眠比例(WASO)明显升高(P0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,觉醒次数增加(OR=3.868,95%CI 1.645～9.006,P=0.002)和有效睡眠时间缩短(OR=3.802,95%CI 1.577～9.174,P=0.003)是POD的独立危险因素。结论术前合并睡眠障碍的食管癌根治术患者发生POD风险增加,睡眠中断以及有效睡眠时间缩短进一步增加POD发生风险。     

Fragmented QRS complex may predict long-term mortality after isolated surgical aortic valve replacement in patients with severe aortic stenosis

 Open in a separate windowOBJECTIVESFragmented QRS (fQRS), related to myocardial fibrosis, is an important prognostic marker of cardiovascular events and mortality. Aortic stenosis (AS), the most frequent valvular heart disease in developed countries, causes myocardial fibrosis due to ventricular pressure overload. The current study aimed to investigate whether fQRS is associated with long-term mortality after isolated surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in patients with severe AS.METHODSA total of 289 patients who underwent SAVR for severe AS between May 2009 and January 2020 with interpretable electrocardiogram were included. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of fQRS. Kaplan–Meier survival analyses were used to detect cumulative survival rates. Univariable and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were used to determine the predictors of all-cause mortality.RESULTSfQRS occurred in 126 (43.5%) patients. A total of 59 (20.4%) patients died over a follow-up period of 54 ± 32 months. All-cause mortality was higher in the fQRS group (23 [14.1%] vs 36 [28.6], log-rank test P = 0.002) in the long term. The presence of fQRS [hazard ratio (HR): 1.802, confidence interval (CI): 1.035–3.135, P = 0.037], electrocardiographic left ventricular strain (HR: 1.836, CI: 1.036–3.254, P = 0.038) and history of stroke or transient ischaemic attack (HR: 3.130, CI: 1.528–6.412, P = 0.002) were independent predictors of all-cause mortality in the multivariable Cox regression model.CONCLUSIONSfQRS is associated with a 1.8-fold increase in long-term mortality in patients undergoing isolated SAVR for severe AS. Detecting fQRS in electrocardiograms may provide prognostic information about the long-term outcomes.     

糖耐量异常与心电图碎裂QRS波相关性的回顾性分析

目的观察糖耐量异常患者心电图碎裂QRS波发生情况。方法选择2011年1月~2013年1月在我院经口服葡萄糖耐量实验确诊的58例糖耐量异常患者的临床资料,包括体表12或18导联心电图,超声心动图,平板运动试验,冠脉造影结果,冠脉CTA结果等。收集90例健康成年人的体表12导联心电图作为对照。结果 58例糖耐量异常患者体表心电图fQRS波的发生率与健康对照组相比差异显著（P=0.000）。结论糖耐量异常患者的体表心电图可以出现碎裂QRS波,预示糖耐量异常期已经发生心肌纤维化。     

急性心肌梗死后出现碎裂QRS波与室性心律失常的关系

目的探讨心电图碎裂QRS波（QRSf）与急性心肌梗死（AMI）后出现恶性室性心律失常的关系。方法 162例急性心肌梗死者均行十二导联心电图检查,出现QRSf 101例（A组）,无QRSf 61例（B组）,观察两组住院期间各类室性期前收缩及室性心动过速,心室扑动/心室颤动的发生率。结果 A组各类室性期前收缩、室性心动过速、心室扑动/心室颤动的发生率显著高于B组（P〈0.05）。结论急性心肌梗死后出现QRSf者,室性心律失常,尤其是恶性室性心律失常（VA）发生率高,QRSf可作为急性心肌梗死患者出现室性心律失常、尤其是VA的预警指标。