Choroidal plasmacytoma in a patient with multiple myeloma. Diagnosis by fine-needle aspiration biopsy

BACKGROUND: To report a case of a secondary plasmacytoma of the choroid. METHODS: Interventional case report with cytopathologic correlation. RESULTS: A 61-year-old male with a breast nodule and a 2-year history of multiple myeloma developed blurred vision and was found to have three confluent, ill-defined areas of choroidal thickening in the left eye. Cytopathology and immunohistochemistry of a transocular fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the largest lesion revealed atypical plasma cells diagnostic of plasmacytoma. Following external beam radiotherapy the choroidal tumors resolved completely. CONCLUSION: Secondary plasmacytoma, despite its rarity, should be included in the differential diagnosis of amelanotic choroidal tumors, particularly in patients with multiple myeloma. Radiotherapy is an effective treatment.     

Optimization of the aerosolization properties of an inhalation dry powder based on selection of excipients

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of formulation excipients on physical characteristics of inhalation dry powders prepared by spray-drying. The excipients used were a series of amino acids (glycine, alanine, leucine, isoleucine), trehalose and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC). The particle diameter and the powder density were assessed by laser diffraction and tap density measurements, respectively. The aerosol behaviour of the powders was studied in a Multi-Stage Liquid Impinger. The nature and the relative proportion of the excipients affected the aerosol performance of the powders, mainly by altering powder tap density and degree of particle aggregation. The alanine/trehalose/DPPC (30/10/60 w/w/w) formulation showed optimal aerodynamic behaviour with a mass median aerodynamic diameter of 4.7 μm, an emitted dose of 94% and a fine particle fraction of 54% at an airflow rate of 100 L/min using a Spinhaler inhaler device. The powder had a tap density of 0.10 g/cm³. The particles were spherical with a granular surface and had a 4 μm volume median diameter. In conclusion, optimization of the aerosolization properties of inhalation dry powders could be achieved by appropriately selecting the composition of the particles.     

恶性黑色素瘤细针吸取细胞病理学观察

目的:观察恶性黑色素瘤的针吸细胞病理学特点,探讨细针吸取在诊断恶性黑色素瘤中的价值。方法:细针吸取物涂片,HE染色,光镜下观察,4例涂片同时作HMB-45免疫组化标记。结果:19例细胞涂片具有典型异质性,18例瘤细胞胞质内见黑色素颗粒,4例免疫组化标记HMB-45(+)。结论:原发部位或转移灶细针吸取辅免疫组化标记对恶性黑色素瘤的诊断有重要价值。     

Leiomyosarcoma of the Pancreas: Report of a Case Diagnosed by Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy

We present a case of pancreatic leiomyosarcoma with liver metastasisdiagnosed by liver tumor biopsy. A 66-year-old man had a pancreatictumor and hepatic tumors, which were hypoechoic and mixed echoicon ultrasonography, respectively. They were stained in enhancedcomputed tomography and angiography. A fine needle aspirationbiopsy of the liver tumor was performed, and the pathologicalexamination of the biopsied specimen suggested the tumor cellsto have originated from smooth muscle. Under a diagnosis ofpancreatic leiomyosarcoma with liver metastasis, the patientwas treated with several anticancer agents. The tumor, however,spread to multiple organs and he dies of the disease two yearsnine months after the start of treatment. The diagnosis of pancreaticleiomyosarcoma was confirmed by autopsy.     

A new score for the evaluation of palpable breast masses in women under age 40

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to develop a rapid and accurate diagnostic test for palpable breast masses in women under age 40. METHODS: Masses were evaluated utilitzing a modified triple test score (MTTS), which assigned scores of 1 point for benign, 2 points for suspicious, or 3 points for malignant findings from physical examination, ultrasonography, and fine needle aspiration. The MTTS was the sum of the three scores and was correlated with biopsy or follow-up. RESULTS: Among 113 masses, 100 scored 3 points, 8 scored 4 points; all were benign. Three scored 5 points; 1 was malignant. Two scored >or=6 points: both were malignant. CONCLUSIONS: The MTTS has 100% diagnostic accuracy when other than 5 points. Masses scoring or=6 points may proceed to definitive therapy. Masses scoring 5 points (3%) require biopsy. This approach avoids open biopsy in the majority of cases, while capturing all malignancies.     

广州市部分居室空气中PM2.5污染特征

目的了解广州市居民室内空气中PM2.5的污染特征并探讨其污染来源.方法于2003年6-7月期间,使用低流量采样器于广州市9个有代表性居民住宅采集室内PM25样品,测定其浓度及有机碳(OC)和元素碳(EC)的含量.结果室内采样点PM25平均浓度为(47.4±17.7)μg/m3,高于其他国家或地区已有的监测结果.PM25中OC和EC的平均浓度分别为(9.2±1.4)、(3.72±0.48)μg/m3;OC和EC分别占PM25的26.4%±5.6%和9.3%±4.8%.其中,OC主要来源于室内的污染源,而EC则可能与室外污染源的关系更为密切.结论室内污染源(烹饪、吸烟等)、室外污染源(机动车排放)以及房屋条件(通风条件、装修时间)等对室内的PM25浓度水平的影响较大.     

颗粒物中粗细粒子的毒性比较

颗粒物是影响人体健康的重要污染物之一.人们通常认为越细小的颗粒物对人体危害越大,但是也有一些学者指出细粒子的毒性并不一定大于粗粒子.该文通过初步分析粗、细粒子的毒性,探讨了影响颗粒物对人体危害效应的一些因素,例如其表面形态特征以及吸附组分等,希望能有助于人们正确评价颗粒物的毒性.     

淋巴结结核的针吸细胞学诊断价值探讨

目的:探讨针吸细胞学诊断淋巴结结核的的价值和鉴别诊断。方法:常规细胞学穿刺后进行细胞学阅片,观察细胞学特点。结果:淋巴结细胞学镜下以干酪型和增殖型为主,类上皮样细胞、干酪样坏死物及郎罕氏巨细胞为淋巴结结核中常见的诊断成分。结论:针吸细胞学可以快速、简便的诊断淋巴结结核,对于结核病变非典型细胞学改变可辅助其他检查协助诊断。     

自身免疫性甲状腺疾病的针吸细胞学诊断探讨

目的:探讨细针活检细胞学(FNAC)检查对自身免疫性甲状腺疾病(AITD)的诊断价值。方法:采用FNAC检查法诊断AITD,细胞学诊断把AITD分为弥漫性毒性甲状腺肿(GD)Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ3个亚型和桥本氏甲状腺炎(HT)L、O、P、F4个亚型。结果:1106例甲状腺的FNAC资料中有术后病理诊断为AITD的58例,其中细胞学诊断正确55例(占94.8%),误诊者3例,(占5.2%)。诊断正确的55例中分型基本正确者51例(占92.7%)。结论:FNAC对AITD的诊断准确可靠。其中对GDⅠ、Ⅱ和HTO、P、F的分型诊断准确率较高,GD-Ⅲ与HT-L容易混淆。