老年食管癌贲门癌的手术疗效180例分析评价

 我科于1986年至1995年间收治的食管癌、贲门癌病人1337例，其中65岁以上的高龄食管癌、贲门癌180例。手术切除156例，转流1例，探查23例，总手术切除率约86．67%，手术后20天内死亡1例，手术死亡率计0．56%，术后发生吻合口瘘3例占1．92%（3／156），术后肺、心血管并发症19例，远期的吻合口狭窄13例占8．28%，术后三年生存率约65．56%，五年生存率为33．89%。     

食管癌肉瘤的诊断和治疗：附18例分析

总结两家医院自1969年12月～1995年4月手术治疗食管（贲门）恶性肿瘤7920例，共发现食管癌肉瘤18例，发生率为0．23％。资料表明，平均发病年龄54．7岁，男性多见，男女之比为2．6：1。临床症状主要为缓慢加重的吞咽困难，好发于食管中段，X线表现为食管腔内巨大充盈缺损。病变处食管梭形膨大，很少见到周围软组织块影。食管镜检查可见食管腔内息肉样肿物突出，活检报告多为鳞癌。病理特征为癌与肉瘤两种成分并存，无鳞状上皮癌与肉瘤之间的过渡形态。手术切除率高，极少转移，预后较好。     

食管癌、贲门癌开胸术后心律失常

 目的　探讨食管癌、贲门癌开胸术后心律失常的危险因素及防治措施。方法　 1999年 10月～2 0 0 0年 10月间对 10 6例食管癌、贲门癌开胸术后心律失常患者资料进行了回顾分析。结果　术后心律失常发生率为 7.87% (10 6 / 1347)发生于 1～ 3天者 94例 (88.7% ) ,4～ 7天者 11例 (10 .2 % )。经治疗 3天以内消失者 82例 (77.3% ) ,治疗无效死亡 5例 .结论　术前ECG异常 ,既往心律失常史 ,FEV1/FVC <70 % ,术式 ,胸水 >5 0 0ml等因素是食管癌、贲门癌开胸术后发生心律失常的重要相关危险因素     

原发性食管腺癌：附47例报告

我院于１９７９年４月至１９８９年１０月间，经手术切除和病理证实的１７７６例食管癌中，原发性食管腺癌４７例（２．６５％），男３２例，女１５例，年龄为３９－６８岁（中位５５．７岁）。术前２４例细胞学检查，２１例诊断为食管鳞癌，误诊率８７．５％。４７例均行食管癌切除，其中３４例行食管胃弓上吻合术，１３例行颈部吻术，术后病理检查区域淋巴结有转移者２４例，切端残存癌３例。切除后５年生存率２８．６％。作者认为     

非开胸治疗食管癌贲门癌62例体会

本文对62例食管、贲门癌患者施行了非开胸四种手术方式的治疗;即食管内翻拔脱;食管外钝性剥脱;单纯经上腹正中切口和上腹正中切口胸骨正中劈开切除食管下段及贲门。作者认为本术式具有创伤小,术后恢复快的优点。尤其是对于年老体弱、伴有心肺功能障碍的患者更为适用。对于食管下段癌及贲门癌患者,如果探查发现肿瘤向邻近器官侵犯,即可同时进行扩大根治术,提高手术切除率。     

Swallowed neonatal endotracheal tube

We present a newborn infant who swallowed an endotracheal tube during resuscitation. A review of previous reports indicates that the swallowed tube does not significantly compromise respiration and the infant need suffer little injury if the tube is removed in an unhurried manner.     

Special swallowing problems in children

As the swallowing process evolves from infantile suckle feeding through transitional feeding to mature function, the process can go awry at many points. Understanding the changes in structure and function of the mouth and pharynx that occur with growth and development is of basic importance. When a child is referred because of unsuccessful feeding or suspicion of aspiration, dynamic imaging of the swallowing mechanism and scrutiny of radiographic abnormalities described in this article can lead to greater understanding of the underlying cause and to more effective treatment.     

食管手术后并发乳糜胸的防治

本文报导614例食管癌术后发生乳糜胸6例。文中对有关乳糜胸的诊断、防治方面进行了讨论分析,并写出了作者的体会。     

Foreign body in upper digestive tract

Objective : Foreign body ingestion is a common clinical problem, encountered in children.Methods : A total number of 104 patients with ingested foreign body admitted in our hospital are reviewed. Endoscopic removal was done for all foreign objects impacted in esophagus.Result; In 84.6% cases, history of having swallowed the foreign body was most common symptom. Majority of patients (61.53%) presented within 24 hours after ingestion of foreign body. Coins were the most frequent offending agents in children (87.5%). Seventy six cases of coins were impacted in the postcricoid region. Complications of retropharyngeal abscess was seen in two cases (1.92%), which was associated with sharp foreign body.Conclusion : Early removal of these sharp foreign bodies must be considered to reduce the risk of this complication.     

Prospective Analysis of Accuracy of Positron Emission Tomography,Computed Tomography,and Endoscopic Ultrasonography in Staging of Adenocarcinoma of the Esophagus and the Esophagogastric Junction

Background: Exact preoperative staging of esophageal cancer is essential for accurate prognosis and selection of appropriate treatment modalities.Methods: Forty-two patients with adenocarcinoma of the esophagus or the esophagogastric junction suitable for radical esophageal resection were staged with positron emission tomography (PET), spiral computed tomography (CT), and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS).Results: Diagnostic sensitivity for the primary tumor was 83% for PET and 67% for CT; for local peritumoral lymph node metastasis, it was 37% for PET and 89% for EUS; and for distant metastasis, it was 47% for PET and 33% for CT. Diagnostic specificity for local lymph node metastasis was 100% with PET and 54% with EUS, and for distant metastasis, it was 89% for PET and 96% for CT. Accuracy for locoregional lymph node metastasis was 63% for PET, 66% for CT, and 75% for EUS, and for distant metastasis, it was 74% with PET and 74% with CT. Of the 10 patients who were considered inoperable during surgery, PET identified 7 and CT 4. The false-negative diagnoses of stage IV disease in PET were peritoneal carcinomatosis in two patients, abdominal para-aortic cancer growth in one, metastatic lymph nodes by the celiac artery in four, and metastases in the pancreas in one. PET showed false-positive lymph nodes at the jugulum in three patients.Conclusions: The diagnostic value of PET in the staging of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and the esophagogastric junction is limited because of low accuracy in staging of paratumoral and distant lymph nodes. PET does, however, seem to detect organ metastases better than CT.