我国社区护士培养现状及对策

对社区护士应具备的素质及其培养方法、培养内容及培养方式等进行综述,并对目前我国社区护士培养方面存在的问题进行分析,提出应重视、加强社区护士的培养和教育,建立健全多层次培养途径,优化课程体系,完善培养模式,加大培养力度,大力发展社区护理事业。     

健康教育对恢复期精神疾病病人的康复作用

目的 探讨健康教育对恢复期精神疾病病人的康复作用.方法 将124例恢复期精神疾病病人随机分为观察组和对照组各62例.对照组按常规抗精神病药物治疗,观察组在此基础上实施健康教育,分别于治疗前及治疗后6周采用BPRS、NOSIE量表进行效果评定.结果 观察组病人BPRS评分明显低于对照组(p＜0 01),NOSIE评分高于对照组(p＜0.05).结论 对恢复期精神疾病病人实施健康教育,有助于改善病人的精神症状,减轻焦虑、抑郁情绪,增强社会功能,减少复发,降低残疾程度.     

肺结核病人健康教育现状调查与影响因素分析

目的　调查活动性肺结核病人在诊断前接受结核病知识的教育现状 ,分析病人接受结核病知识与社会经济因素的影响。方法　对 2 0 0 0年全国结核病流行病学抽样调查中的 1 2 78名活动性肺结核病人进行社会经济个案调查 ,调查以问卷的形式进行。结果　 1 2 78例肺结核病人在诊断前有 5 1 4例接受过不同形式的健康教育 ,占 40 2 % ,男性接受健康教育比例为 41 8% ,女性为 3 6 9%。各年龄组接受健康教育比例 <1 5岁组最低为2 5 9% ,其次是 65～年龄组为 3 0 9%。随着病人文化程度的增高和家庭人均年收入的增高 ,接受健康教育比例增高。肺结核病人各种职业的分类中 ,无工作者接受健康教育比例最低为 3 5 5 % ,其次为农林牧渔劳动者。按照病人是否有症状、有症状后是否就诊及最后诊断为肺结核病人的 3个过程接受不同形式的健康教育的频率 ,均以广播电视、健康教育和亲友教育为主。结论　在开展健康教育活动中 ,应注意对儿童和老年人群 ,对于文化程度低、家庭经济收入低、无工作者和农林牧渔劳动者等重点人群的教育     

The impact of poverty on educational outcomes for children

Over the past decade, the unfortunate reality is that the income gap has widened between Canadian families. Educational outcomes are one of the key areas influenced by family incomes. Children from low-income families often start school already behind their peers who come from more affluent families, as shown in measures of school readiness. The incidence, depth, duration and timing of poverty all influence a child’s educational attainment, along with community characteristics and social networks. However, both Canadian and international interventions have shown that the effects of poverty can be reduced using sustainable interventions. Paediatricians and family doctors have many opportunities to influence readiness for school and educational success in primary care settings.     

移情对建立新型医患关系伦理模式的利与弊

在现代社会这样一个转轨时期，医患矛盾越来越突出，如何缓和医患关系、建立新型医患关系伦理模式成为大家共同关心的课题。作者从移情的角度入手，阐述了新型医患关系伦理模式的内涵，分析了移情对于缓和医患关系有哪些有利之处与不利之处，并提出了如何适度利用移情的方法，使其发挥最大作用。     

我国未来艾滋病治疗与服务的模式

目的：探讨我国未来艾滋病(AIDS)治疗与服务的模式。方法：查阅文献资料，综合论点。结果：综述了艾滋病的治疗模式、药物、中医药应用、医务人员培训及相应机构的设置等问题。结论：社区服务、家庭病床是未来我国AIDS患者的首选服务模式，治疗药物国产化和中医药的开发应用，可使更多的AIDS患者能够看得起病，基层医务人员的培训和相应机构的设置将为患者提供安全、有效和规范的治疗保障。     

Home, training and work: mobility of British doctors

This study examines the locations of family homes, medical schools and places of specialist training, and work of doctors qualifying from UK medical schools in 5 calendar years between 1974 and 1993. The contribution of each UK region to the medical workforce relative to its population is assessed and trends over time are examined. The relationship between place of family home and medical school attended is examined for 14,108 doctors. Career appointment location and its relationship to medical school and family home loc‐ation are examined for over 4000 doctors. For the qualifiers of 1983, an additional analysis incorporating place of training is included. Large differences were found in the percentage of medical students from local family homes attending each regional medical school. In some cases differences reflected local populations but other cases had no obvious cause. Over all cohorts studied, 38% of respondents attended a medical school in the region of their family home (32% of 1993 qualifiers), 42% held a career post in the same region as their medical school, and 38% held a career post in the same region as their family home. Among the qualifiers of 1983, 65% had a career post in the same region as their postgraduate training, 34% also attended medical school in the same region, and 19% also came from family homes in the same region. More women than men took up a career post in the same region as their postgraduate training. The relationships to family home and medical school did not differ by gender. Consultants appeared slightly less likely than GPs to have stayed within a region, but this difference was not statistically significant.     

应把防治医患纠纷作为临床医德教育的重要内容

不断强化医务人员的服务意识是消除医患纠纷的首要条件,认真培养敬业精神是避免医患纠纷的根本途径;提高道德境界是避免医患纠纷的决定因素.