Measuring behaviour: The tools and the strategies

Animal behaviour can be viewed as a stream of elements, which, once accurately described, can be counted and timed. Data acquisition techniques and tools are reviewed, and some strategies for collection and analysis of data using PC computers are suggested. Automated instruments are not satisfactory for the study of complex behaviour and as such systemic observation remains irreplaceable. IBM PC-type computers, with a wide range of analytical software (e.g., spreadsheets, statistical packages, technical graphics), are practical for data acquisition. Several systems which can satisfy different applications are reviewed. Some systems can communicate with a videorecorder, a facility which remarkably increases the accuracy of measurement; this is essential for meaningful analyses of the internal structure of behavioural streams (sequences, time patterns) or communication processes. The power of new tools enables behavioural measurement with the necessary complexity to allow a whole new set of questions to be addressed. However, it also increases demands for meaningful content and analysis of data.     

重视医学信用伦理的研究与开发

医疗行业市场化是必然趋势。在医疗行业市场化进程中，医学伦理道德除了道德价值之外，还含有积极的经济内涵。医学伦理道德也是重要的医疗资源，通过参与医疗市场资源的配制和运作，也可以产生经济效益，转化为医疗资本。医疗行业要重视医学伦理道德资源的开发。信用伦理是在市场经济条件下形成的，这是医学伦理学所面临的新课题。笔者认为，不说谎、不期诈，兑现承诺，保证医疗质量，发扬医学人道主义，是医学信用伦理的四项基本标准。     

慢性鼻窦炎患儿家长疾病知识认知度调查

目的了解鼻窦炎患儿家长对儿童鼻窦炎相关知识的认知情况,为进一步加强卫生宣教、预防儿童鼻窦炎提供理论依据。方法对65名鼻窦炎患儿家长进行关于儿童鼻窦炎发病因素、临床表现、并发症以及对儿童生长发育影响等问题的问卷调查。结果调查显示95.4%的家长对儿童鼻窦炎知识缺乏了解,且知识获得途径单一。结论应通过各种途径加强儿童鼻窦炎知识的宣教,积极预防儿童鼻窦炎。     

整合出版资源 迎接国际性竞争

笔者指出需从整合出版权资源、整合出版人才资源、整合作者资源、整合读者资源、整合版权资源、整合发行资源6个方面来加强我国出版业在整体上的实力，来迎接即将到来的国际性竞争。     

医院图书馆人力资源开发和管理

探讨网络环境下医院图书馆人力资源开发和管理的重要性和必要性。指出文献、设备及人才是图书馆资源的三大部分 ,起着相互配合、相互支持的作用。人力资源的开发、利用程度 ,直接影响网络环境下医院图书馆职能的发挥和自身的建设与发展。提出增强医院图书馆人力资源管理效能和建设高素质人才队伍的方法和设想     

Nurse Migration from a Source Country Perspective: Philippine Country Case Study

Objectives. To describe nurse migration patterns in the Philippines and their benefits and costs.
Principal Findings. The Philippines is a job-scarce environment and, even for those with jobs in the health care sector, poor working conditions often motivate nurses to seek employment overseas. The country has also become dependent on labor migration to ease the tight domestic labor market. National opinion has generally focused on the improved quality of life for individual migrants and their families, and on the benefits of remittances to the nation. However, a shortage of highly skilled nurses and the massive retraining of physicians to become nurses elsewhere has created severe problems for the Filipino health system, including the closure of many hospitals. As a result, policy makers are debating the need for new policies to manage migration such that benefits are also returned to the educational institutions and hospitals that are producing the emigrant nurses.
Conclusions and Recommendations. There is new interest in the Philippines in identifying ways to mitigate the costs to the health system of nurse emigration. Many of the policy options being debated involve collaboration with those countries recruiting Filipino nurses. Bilateral agreements are essential for managing migration in such a way that both sending and receiving countries derive benefit from the exchange.     

The ability of ‘family friendly’ organizational resources to predict work–family conflict and job and family satisfaction

The effectiveness of organizational interventions in reducing the adverse consequences of work–family conflict has produced mixed findings. This paper examines the relationship between the use of organizational ‘family friendly’ resources (such as crèche facilities, flexible working hours, and job sharing), with levels of work–family conflict, and job and family satisfaction over time. Using structural equation modelling, these associations were tested in 398 employed men and women who each completed a self‐report questionnaire administered on two occasions. The use of organizational interventions directly predicted increased levels of concurrent (Time 1) work–family interference and increased levels of subsequent (Time 2) job satisfaction. Both organizational interventions and family interventions (i.e. support) positively predicted subsequent family satisfaction. The research demonstrates that the provision of organizational ‘family‐friendly’ practices will produce improved psychological outcomes for employees. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

三级医院病人就诊流向探讨

研究通过对包括专科医院在内的多家三级医院住院病人资料的分析，将疾病种类按ICD－9编码分为19类，研究各类疾病应往低级别医院分流的比例。结果表明：各大类疾病的分流比例不同，分流比例较高的主要是常见病和多发病，总的分流比大约在60％左右。     

重庆市卫生人力资源研究

收集，整理，分析已有数据，对重庆市卫生人力资源现状进行描述。发现其配置中存在的问题，以提出相应的政策建议，为重庆市卫生人力规划提供信息。