膀胱冲洗液适宜温度的临床探讨

目的 :确定最适温度的膀胱冲洗液 ,最大限度的减少膀胱痉挛的次数和强度 ,减少出血 ,提高病人生活质量。方法 :采用六组不同温度冲洗液对术后病人行持续膀胱冲洗 ,记录膀胱痉挛次数 ,膀胱出血程度及体温变化的情况。结果 :随着冲洗液温度升高 ,膀胱痉挛平均次数减少 ,冲洗前后患者体温差逐渐变小 ,2 0℃～ 3 0℃温度组术后冲洗液红细胞计数平均数明显低于其它温度组。结论 :2 0℃～ 3 0℃是持续膀胱冲洗的最适温度     

Persistent loss of thermoregulation in the rat induced by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or “Ecstasy”) but not by fenfluramine

Using radio-biotelemetry, the timecourse of recovery and sensitivity to ambient temperature (Ta) of the thermogenic response of methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or “Ecstasy”) was examined. Ambient temperatures of 17 and 22°C produced very different response profiles, with the lower temperature producing a hypothermic response to 10 and 15 mg/kg doses of MDMA, and the higher temperature producing a profound hyperthermia to the same doses. Although the peak responses to the drug had subsided within 5 h of administration, residual effects, in the form of an elevation of body temperature during the “low” phase of the diurnal cycle, were present for a further 48 h. Long-lasting disruption of the thermoregulatory system following a short series of MDMA administrations (10 mg/kg once per day for 4 days) was shown by exposing the rats in the undrugged state to a thermoregulatory challenge, consisting of 60-min exposure to a Ta of 30°C, at 1 week before, and at 4 weeks and 14 weeks after the drug administration. MDMA-treated rats showed a prolonged hyperthermic response to the challenge at both post-drug intervals compared with fenfluramine-treated rats and saline-treated controls. Thus, the results indicate both that MDMA’s thermogenic effects are more sensitive to Ta than previously demonstrated, and that the serotonergic neurotoxicity of the drug may produce long-lasting changes in thermoregulatory mechanisms. Received: 7 December 1997/Final version: 23 January 1998     

Delayed sleep phase syndrome: A placebo-controlled cross-over study on the effects of melatonin administered five hours before the individual dim light melatonin onset

In a double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over study, 30 patients with Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome (DSPS) were included, of whom 25 finished the study. Melatonin 5 mg was administered during two weeks in a double-blind setting and two weeks in an open setting successively or interrupted by two weeks of placebo. The study's impact was assessed by measurements of the 24-h curves of endogenous melatonin production and rectal temperature (n=14), polysomnography (n=22), actigraphy (n=13), sleep log (n=22), and subjective sleep quality (n=25). Mean dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) (±SD), before treatment, occurred at 23.17 hours (±138 min). Melatonin was administered five hours before the individual DLMO. After treatment, the onset of the nocturnal melatonin profile was significantly advanced by approximately 1.5 hour. Body temperature trough did not advance significantly. During melatonin use, actigraphy showed a significant advance of sleep onset and polysomnography, a significant decreased sleep latency. Sleep architecture was not influenced. During melatonin treatment patients felt significantly more refreshed in the morning. These results show that analysis of DLMO of patients suffering from DSPS is important both for diagnosis and therapy. These results are discussed in terms of the biochemistry of the pineal.     

Limitations of a thermal camera in measuring surface temperature of laser-irradiated tissues

Thermal cameras are used in research laboratories to measure tissue temperature during laser irradiation. This study was an evaluation of the accuracy of a 3-5 microns thermal camera and two 8-12 microns cameras in detecting the maximum temperatures of small targets. The size of the targets was within the range of laser spot diameters which are used for vessel welding, angioplasty, and dermatology. The response to a sharp thermal edge was measured and analyzed for the three cameras, which had a scanning rate of 30 frames per second. The response of the 3-5 microns camera to reference black body targets of different sizes was also studied. It was found that the detector system required an average of 2.44 microseconds to reach 90% of maximum step response for the 8-12 microns system and 5.85 microseconds for the 3-5 microns system. With a 3 x telescope and a 9.5 inch focal distance close-up lens, the 3-5 microns camera underestimated the temperature of targets smaller than 2.0 mm because of its slow detector response. Although the 8-12 microns camera provides more accurate measurements due to its faster detector response, it still underestimates the temperature of targets smaller than 900 microns, when similar magnification and focal distance are used. Methods to compensate for the inaccuracies are discussed, including empirical correction factors and the inverse filtering technique.     

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目的通过建立完全性睡眠剥夺的幼鼠模型,探讨短期完全性睡眠剥夺对幼鼠体温调节及生长的影响。方法2005-01-03将上海交通大学附属新华医院儿科研究所12只出生后3周刚断奶的雄性幼鼠,随机分为试验组和对照组。采用小站台水环境的方法对幼鼠进行48h的睡眠剥夺。睡眠剥夺前、24h及48h后,分别进行体温、体重及进食量的监测,并计算日能耗,睡眠剥夺结束后处死幼鼠并对重要脏器进行称量。结果实验结果表明48h睡眠剥夺后,两组幼鼠体温均出现随时间变化特点,在睡眠剥夺24h后增高,48h后出现体温下降;睡眠剥夺后试验组幼鼠体重明显低于对照组,而试验组的进食量在48h后明显多于对照组;在日能量消耗的比较中,试验组在24h睡眠剥夺后的能耗明显高于对照组;睡眠剥夺48h后各器官重量仅双肺重量与体重的比值在两组间存在差异。结论幼鼠完全性睡眠剥夺的早期即出现体温显著下降,较早显现体温调节中枢的失衡,并且体格发育受到显著影响。     

婴儿培养箱基本性能研究与改进

根据对婴儿培养箱多年的临床使用与维修体会,阐述了婴儿培养箱基本性能要求,并指出现行的此类设备存在的问题,及具体改进方法。     

Intracerebral temperature monitoring in severely head injured patients

Summary In a series of 6 severely head injured patients, intraventricular as well as rectal, bladder and jugular vein temperature is recorded. The relationship between these temperatures in different conditions is evaluated. Intracerebral temperature is 0.5±0.2 °C (mean ± SD) higher than bladder temperature except in conditions such as brain death. It is concluded that rectal temperature is not representative and therefore not a good alternative to the measurement of brain temperature. More data on human intracerebral temperature are mandatory as well as prospective studies correlating intracerebral temperature with final outcome in head injury.     

高温对热区部队战士激素调节的影响

选择某电子对抗团战士和某坦克旅战士共64人,分别在高温、高湿等因素作用下连续作业1h(摩托小时),观察战士体内激素及电解质的变化情况。结果表明:两部队战士的心钠素、皮质醇、醛固酮水平作业前后有非常显著性以上的差异;血清K~+、Ca~(2+)浓度降低,Na~+浓度升高。以上结果表明:高温环境对战士体内激素水平影响显著,机体出现应激性改变。     

Temperature-controlled radiofrequency catheter ablation of AV conduction: first clinical experience

A new technique for catheter ablation of atrioventricular (AV)conduction, using temperature-controlled radiofrequency energyand a bipolar asymmetrical electrode configuration, was appliedto 12 patients (mean age, 48 ± 15 years; range, 18–69years) with medically refractory atrioventricular nodal reentranttachycardia (AVNRT) or rapid atrial rhythms. The energy sourcewas a 500 kHz generator with automatic power regulation to apreselected temperature of 80 °C. A specially designed 7F bipolar asymmetric thermo-catheter was used for ablation inall cases. The endpoints of the procedure were: first-degreeAV block in patients with AVN R T and third-degree block inpatients with atrial fibrillation or flutter. Energy was appliedover a range of 1–14 times per patient. After a mean follow-upof 8±4 months, third- or first degree AV block persistedin eight patients. In comparison to constant-power radiofrequencyablation, where impedance rises are commonly observed, no impedancerise or coating of the electrode occurred during any of the97 energy applications in this study. Variable wall contactof the electrode was identified in 20 of 97 applications bya slow temperature rise or a drop in temperature and frequentpower adjustments. Thus, monitoring temperature and automaticpower regulation may help to reduce the total delivered energy.Temperature control during radiofrequency energy avoids coagulumformation and consequently the associated potential hazardsof constant-power application.     

Changes in hemodynamics and the temperature regime in the mother-placenta-fetus system under the influence of some drugs

Translated fromBuylleten' Eksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 115, No. 1, pp. 21–23, January, 1993