《劳动合同法》对民营企业用工的影响

民营企业在实施《劳动合同法》过程中,提高了长期劳动合同签订的比例、逐步兑现了节假日加班工资的支付、扩大了职工福利范围、减弱了主动性裁员动机。某些社会人士高度担心《劳动合同法》会引起民营企业劳动供求关系对立,进而导致企业生存紧张。调查表明,《劳动合同法》实施运行后,民营企业数量在增加、职工人数在增长、企业平均利润也在增加、劳动者工作情绪稳定且勤恳,既没有出现员工因为有法律的倾向性保护而在择业和就业时有恃无恐,也没有出现企业因为《劳动合同法》的约束而在择员和管理时被动无助。民营企业大多认识到：《劳动合同法》对守法企业是一种保护,越是守法的企业其劳动者跳槽越是稀少、懒汉刁民更是见不到。     

米非司酮对输卵管自发性收缩的影响

目的观察米非司酮对兔输卵管平滑肌收缩的影响。方法孕兔输卵管（n=5），截取2cm置入3．5ml Krebs液37．8℃的恒温平滑肌槽内，连续供给95％O2和5％CO2，输卵管产生等长收缩力通过张力传感器在生物机能试验系统，持续记录其反应的图像。记录自发性输卵管生理收缩后1h，加入米非司酮10μM于浴槽内并记录输卵管平滑肌的收缩。结果米非司酮增加离体兔的输卵管平滑肌收缩的频率，收缩振幅减小。结论孕激素受体的拮抗剖米非司酮能增加离体输卵管的收缩频率，米非司酮在动物实验中可能成为一种用于治疗输卵管病理理性炎症和粘连的药物。     

社会契约论的演进与挑战

近代社会契约论在十六世纪兴起后长达两个多世纪以来一直主导着西方的政治潮流.社会契约论经历了在16世纪以来的勃兴、18世纪遭遇到的批判与其当代重构的发展脉络,它的兴衰与转换,清晰地折射出近现代西方民族国家形成和发展的政治实践和现实需要.对西方的政治发展起有重要的理论支撑作用.     

聘用护士职业生涯规划现状的调查分析

目的:调查聘用护士职业生涯规划的现状及其影响因素,分析现状提出相应的措施。方法:采用随机抽样法,使用一般情况及相关因素调查表、职业生涯规划调查问卷对聘用护士进行调查。结果:聘用护士的职业生涯规划平均分数为(148.72±23.36)分,不同年龄段、不同学历、不同职称护理人员的职业生涯规划情况的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:加强聘用护士的自我认知和职业认知,做好职业规划管理,有利于稳定护理人才,提高护理队伍的整体素质水平。     

Relations between mindfulness and mental health outcomes: need fulfillment as a mediator

Links between mindfulness and mental health outcomes have been established, but the explanatory mechanisms responsible for these associations are far less understood. This study examined relationships between mindfulness, need fulfillment and mental health outcomes (negative affect and depressive symptoms). The primary purpose of this paper was to, first, verify the link between mindfulness and mental health outcomes, and second, to better understand and explain why mindfulness is important for mental health outcomes. Specifically, this study sought to examine the potential mediating influence of need fulfillment in the relationship between mindfulness and mental health outcomes. A sample of 399 university students and employees responded to an online survey. Data were collected on personal ratings of trait mindfulness, need fulfillment, negative affect and depressive symptoms. Results indicated a significant positive relationship between mindfulness and need fulfillment, and these variables were negatively associated with poor mental health outcomes (negative affect and depressive symptoms). Further, it was found that need fulfillment partially mediated the relationship between mindfulness and both mental health outcomes. Specific facets of need fulfillment (i.e., belongingness, self-esteem, control, meaningful existence) were also explored individually as potential mediators to determine which facet accounted for the greatest variance in the relationship between mindfulness and mental health outcomes. In doing so, this study helps clarify the relations between mindfulness and mental health outcomes. Results from this study extend the current literature of mindfulness and further inform the implementation of clinical mindfulness techniques and strategies.     

合同制护士的心理分析与管理对策

目的：分析合同制护士员心理状况并提出相应对策,旨在提高护理管理水平,稳定护理队伍,提高护理质量。方法：对合同制护士心理和工作现状进行调查分析,提出相应对策。结果：合同制护士普遍存在不同程度的自卑心理、不平衡心理、消极心理、继续教育缺乏、积极性不高、业务知识不全面等情况。结论：心理分析并提出相应对策使医院管理层对合同制护士心理现状和工作需求有进一步的了解,为稳定合同制护士队伍和不断发挥其专业潜力提供决策参考。     

签约制对社区卫生服务连续性作用的调查分析

目的:对北京市海淀区中关村和成都市武侯区玉林两地签约和未签约的居民接受社区卫生服务的连续性进行调查。方法:问卷调查并对日常工作记录的数据与对病人和医务工作人员的访谈及小组讨论的数据进行分析。结果:签约居民与未签约居民相比多是自选医生，且更倾向于固定的医生。结论:签约制可以有效提高社区卫生服务的连续性。     

The impact of contracts on outsourcing computed tomography examinations from a Swedish public university hospital to a private radiology unit

IntroductionAfter years of outsourcing without detailed contracts from one of Sweden's largest university hospitals to external radiology units, the hospital started to use a specific contract for outsourcing computed tomography (CT) examinations. The purpose of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of two outsourcing approaches, where examinations were performed either with a detailed, specific contract (with-contract) or without (no-contract), between a hospital radiology department and private external units.MethodsThis retrospective study included a group of electively outsourced CT-examinations (n = 132) and a control group of in-house CT-examinations (n = 132), selected from the three different types of CT-examinations referred from the Departments of Oncology and Hematology.These examinations were randomly selected from four different groups over two time periods of one year each, one being outsourcing without a contract (no-contract, during 2013), one time period with a specific contract (with-contract, during 2014) and two control groups of examinations performed in-house within both these time periods. We compared outsourced examinations (both no-contract and with-contract groups) and in-house examinations. The comparison of these groups include five parameters; management-time, patient waiting-time, the quality of the examinations, - image interpretations and costs.ResultsDuring 2013, management-time for CT-examinations was longer in the outsourced group (no-contract) than in the in-house group, with a statistical significance (P = 0.002). Fewer examinations performed in-house and in the with-contract group needed re-interpretation than in the no-contract group. CT-examinations in the with-contract group were associated with shorter overall management-time, patient waiting time and lower costs compared to the no-contract group.ConclusionUsing a contract with detailed specifications for outsourcing CT-examinations may be an effective way of reducing patient waiting time. Outsourcing based on a well-founded contract can be cost-effective, compared with outsourcing without a detailed plan for the services required.     

基层就诊居民家庭医生签约及首诊行为的影响因素

目的：分析基层医疗机构就诊居民签约家庭医生以及签约后首诊行为的影响因素，为进一步推动基层首诊制度提供依据。方法：采用目的抽样，2019年7-10月在东、中、西部三个样本市6家基层医疗机构对就诊居民进行出口调查；采用描述性统计和二元logistic回归分析方法进行数据分析。结果：共调查484名基层就诊居民。logistic回归分析显示，对家庭医生内涵认识正确，对家庭病床服务需求更高，由社区医务人员推荐、居民区宣传栏等方式了解家庭医生的就诊居民更愿意签约；清楚家庭医生提供健康管理服务，医保优惠和长处方政策，签约时间更长的签约居民更倾向于基层首诊。结论：应进一步通过社区医务人员推荐、居民区宣传栏等方式加强居民对家庭医生"健康管理者"内涵的理解，以需求家庭病床的居民为重点对象，促进有效签约；强化签约居民对健康管理服务内容和医保优惠政策的认知，巩固续签意愿。