血液储存时间对红细胞免疫功能影响及临床安全输血分析

目的对不同的血液储存时间对红细胞免疫功能的影响和输血的安全性进行研究分析。方法随机抽取健康人血液采集标本180份,将其分为A、B、C3组,平均每组60份。分别在采集的当天、第14、28天对血液的RBC-C3b、RBC-IC、RBC-SOD、IL-84项指标进行检测。结果 C组血液的RBC-C3b、RBC-SOD水平明显低于B组血液,B组血液的RBC-C3b、RBC-IC（应为RBC-SOD）水平明显低于A组血液;C组血液的RBC-IC、IL-8水平明显高于B组血液,B组血液的RBC-IC、IL-8水平明显高于A组血液。结论在正常情况下,血液中的红细胞的部分免疫功能,会随着血液储存时间的延长而降低,在临床上一般情况下要尽量为患者输注采集时间在2周之内的血液,这样可以提高输血的安全系数。     

Applicability of consumer activity monitor data in marathon events: an exploratory study

Emerging opportunities to measure individual and population-level health data with activity monitors during recreational running activities may set the stage for new research possibilities in mass participation running events and marathon medicine. This study explores the applicability of consumer activity monitor data in a preliminary study for future marathon health research with a cohort of 12 (n?=?12) participants completing a 3.379?km walking or running course. This study explored the feasibility of collecting pace and distance data from Fitbit brand consumer activity monitors, from access to user data to reporting of data characteristics and data analysis. We show that a large percentage of participant data can be successfully retrieved from Fitbit consumer activity monitor devices for analysis in marathon health research, and that identifying variations in pace across participants is a practical possibility. We note a mean absolute percentage error of 13% over the true distance of 3.379?km, a higher error than that reported by other studies. We also observe a Pearson correlation coefficient between participant variation in pace and absolute distance error of 0.61. This study provides preliminary evidence to support the applicability of consumer activity monitor data in marathon health research.     

An Experimental Model of Heat Storage in Working Firefighters

Objective. Develop experimental models to study uncompensable heat stress (UCHS) in working firefighters (FFs). Methods. FFs ingested core temperature (Tc) capsules prior to performing sequential tasks in 40°C andpersonal protective ensemble (PPE), or 18°C andno PPE. Both trials were conducted in an environmental chamber with FFs using self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Results. FFs exercising in heat andPPE reproduced UCHS conditions. For every FF in both trials for whom the capsules worked, Tc was elevated, andTc_max occurred after completion of study protocol. Trials with PPE resulted in a mean maximum temperature of 38.94°C (± 0.37°C); Tc_max reached 40.4°C. Without PPE, maximum Tc averaged 37.79°C (± 0.07°C). Heat storage values ranged from 131 to 1205 kJ, averaging 578 kJ (± 151.47kJ) with PPE and210.83 kJ (± 21.77kJ) without PPE. Conclusions. An experimental model has been developed that simulates the initial phases of an interior fire attack to study the physiology of UCHS in FF. The hot environment andPPE increase maximum Tc andheat storage over that due to the exertion required to perform the tasks andmay decrease time to volitional fatigue. This model will permit controlled studies to optimize work-rest cycles, rehab conditions, andphysical conditioning of FFs.     

Switchable hardening of a ferromagnet at fixed temperature

The intended use of a magnetic material, from information storage to power conversion, depends crucially on its domain structure, traditionally crafted during materials synthesis. By contrast, we show that an external magnetic field, applied transverse to the preferred magnetization of a model disordered uniaxial ferromagnet, is an isothermal regulator of domain pinning. At elevated temperatures, near the transition into the paramagnet, modest transverse fields increase the pinning, stabilize the domain structure, and harden the magnet, until a point where the field induces quantum tunneling of the domain walls and softens the magnet. At low temperatures, tunneling completely dominates the domain dynamics and provides an interpretation of the quantum phase transition in highly disordered magnets as a localization/delocalization transition for domain walls. While the energy scales of the rare earth ferromagnet studied here restrict the effects to cryogenic temperatures, the principles discovered are general and should be applicable to existing classes of highly anisotropic ferromagnets with ordering at room temperature or above.     

Integrated image storage solutions for the Cath department

Contemporary Image Storage systems for the Catheterization department manage and distribute digital cardiac images according to the cine-film paradigm. The images are digital, but the applications have not changed much. This situation will change in the near future. New systems are being developed to store additional (clinical related) data with X-ray Angiographic (XA) Images. Furthermore, the image storage domains are no longer an island in the hospital infrastructure. Efficiency requires the availability of images with other data at the various point of care locations. This in turn raises requirements and expectations about the standards in the area of application interoperability, since no single vendor can supply the complete solution. Recent DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine) standardization activities play an important role in extending the current scope of image oriented storage solutions towards a more integrated imaging and information (clinical) folder for the Cath department. The paper will address the following issues: New requirements on self-contained Image Storage solutions for the Cath lab. How to deal with the demand for interdepartmental communication using upcoming (new) DICOM standards and HL7 (Health Level Seven) in this area. The increasing influence of computer technology, replacing vendor-specific solutions by general-accepted standards from the Information Technology (IT) world. A step-wise approach to come to an integrated clinical (patient) folder with inherent capabilities for data interchange with other Cardiology departments and the hospitals information infrastructure.     

Perioperative management of benign hepatic tumors in patients with glycogen storage disease type Ia

Glycogen storage disease type Ia (GSD-Ia; von Gierke disease) is an inherited disorder caused by glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency, and there have been some reports of hepatic tumors in patients with this disease. We report two patients with benign hepatic tumors with GSD-Ia. One is a 19-year-old man who underwent segmentectomy 4 for a focal nodular hyperplasia, and the other is a 31-year-old woman who underwent segmentectomies 3, 5, and 6 for hepatic adenomas. Two significant perioperative complications, resulting from the carbohydrate metabolic disorders, hypoglycemia and metabolic acidosis, occurred in both patients. We managed the metabolic complications successfully by administering a sufficient volume of glucose intravenously. Close perioperative monitoring of blood glucose and lactate concentrations is essential in the perioperative management of patients with GSD-Ia. The intravenous administration of glucose, starting with a smaller dose and then increasing the dose, is adequate management for lactic acidosis with or without hypoglycemia during the perioperative period.     

Synthesis and Stability of Hydrogen Storage Material Aluminum Hydride

Aluminum hydride (AlH₃) is a binary metal hydride with a mass hydrogen density of more than 10% and bulk hydrogen density of 148 kgH2/m3. Pure aluminum hydride can easily release hydrogen when heated. Due to the high hydrogen density and low decomposition temperature, aluminum hydride has become one of the most promising hydrogen storage media for wide applications, including fuel cell, reducing agents, and rocket fuel additive. Compared with aluminum powder, AlH₃ has a higher energy density, which can significantly reduce the ignition temperature and produce H₂ fuel in the combustion process, thus reducing the relative mass of combustion products. In this paper, the research progress about the structure, synthesis, and stability of aluminum hydride in recent decades is reviewed. We also put forward the challenges for application of AlH₃ and outlook the possible opportunity for AlH₃ in the future.     

Effect of storage time on metabolite profile and alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of Cosmos caudatus leaves – GCMS based metabolomics approach

Cosmos caudatus, which is a commonly consumed vegetable in Malaysia, is locally known as “Ulam Raja”. It is a local Malaysian herb traditionally used as a food and medicinal herb to treat several maladies. Its bioactive or nutritional constituents consist of a wide range of metabolites, including glucosinolates, phenolics, amino acids, organic acids, and sugars. However, many of these metabolites are not stable and easily degraded or modified during storage. In order to investigate the metabolomics changes occurring during post-harvest storage, C. caudatus samples were subjected to seven different storage times (0 hours, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, 8 hours, 10 hours, and 12 hours) at room temperature. As the model experiment, the metabolites identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were correlated with α-glucosidase inhibitory activity analyzed with multivariate data analysis (MVDA) to find out the variation among samples and metabolites contributing to the activity. Orthogonal partial least squares (OPLS) analysis was applied to investigate the metabolomics changes. A profound chemical alteration, both in primary and secondary metabolites, was observed. The α-tocopherol, catechin, cyclohexen-1-carboxylic acid, benzoic acid, myo-inositol, stigmasterol, and lycopenecompoundswerefoundtobethediscriminatingmetabolitesatearlystorage;however, sugars such as sucrose, α-d-galactopyranose, and turanose were detected, which was attributed to the discriminating metabolites for late storage. The result shows that the MVDA method is a promising technique to identify biomarker compounds relative to storage at different times.     

We Built This House; It’s Time to Move in: Leveraging Existing DICOM Structure to More Completely Utilize Readily Available Detailed Contrast Administration Information

The Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard is the universal format for interoperability in medical imaging. In addition to imaging data, DICOM has evolved to support a wide range of imaging metadata including contrast administration data that is readily available from many modern contrast injectors. Contrast agent, route of administration, start and stop time, volume, flow rate, and duration can be recorded using DICOM attributes [1]. While this information is sparsely and inconsistently recorded in routine clinical practice, it could potentially be of significant diagnostic value. This work will describe parameters recorded by automatic contrast injectors, summarize the DICOM mechanisms available for tracking contrast injection data, and discuss the role of such data in clinical radiology.