Cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene polymorphisms are associated with coronary artery disease in Corsican population (France)

The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between coronary artery disease (CAD) and Cholesterol Ester Transfer Protein (CETP) (gaaa)n polymorphisms of the CETP gene in Central Corsica island (France). The study group was composed by 300 unrelated Corsican patients with angiographically documented CAD and 300 unrelated healthy blood donors. Significant differences were observed in the distribution of CETP (gaaa)n alleles between the groups under study (p=0.03; chi(2): 16.8, df: 8). The occurrence of a long allele (408 bp) was higher in cases (12%) than in control group (2%), showing a 6.75-fold increased risk for CAD in Corsica patients (p=0.0055; OR=6.750; 95% CIs=1.47-31.00). The correlation of this polymorphism with the lipid profile (cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides) in the patients group was determined. There was a significant association of the long alleles of CETP (gaaa)n with HDL-C levels. In the patient and in the control groups the LL genotypes had lower HDL-C compared with the SS and SL genotypes (p<0.0001). In summary our results suggest that the genetic variation at the CETP gene may play an important role in determining CAD in Corsican population.     

丹参多酚酸盐联合尼可地尔治疗冠心病心绞痛的临床研究

目的探讨丹参多酚酸盐联合尼可地尔治疗冠心病心绞痛的临床效果。方法选取2016年1月—2017年12月北京市和平里医院收治的146例冠心病心绞痛患者,随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组各73例。对照组口服尼可地尔片,5 mg/次,3次/d。治疗组在对照组基础上静脉滴注注射用丹参多酚酸盐,200 mg加入生理盐水250 mL中充分稀释后给药,1次/d。两组均连续治疗2周。观察两组的临床疗效,比较两组治疗前后硝酸甘油用量、心绞痛发作次数、每次持续时间。比较两组治疗前后低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、红细胞比容(HCT)、红细胞聚集指数(EAI)、肌钙蛋白T(c Tn T)、白细胞介素(IL)1β、IL-18、一氧化氮(NO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、西雅图心绞痛量表(SAQ)各项评分的变化情况。结果治疗后,对照组和治疗组患者的总有效率分别为82.19%、93.15%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗后,两组患者硝酸甘油用量较治疗前明显减少,心绞痛发作次数、每次持续时间均明显减少,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,治疗组硝酸甘油用量、心绞痛发作次数、每次持续时间均明显少于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组治疗后LDL-C、HCT、EAI、cTnT、IL-1β、IL-18水平较治疗前均显著降低,但HDL-C、NO、SOD、SAQ评分升高,同组治疗前后比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,治疗组LDL-C、HCT、EAI、cTnT、IL-1β、IL-18水平显著低于对照组,HDL-C、NO、SOD、SAQ评分高于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论丹参多酚酸盐联合尼可地尔治疗冠心病心绞痛具有较好的临床疗效,可明显改善患者胸闷、胸部绞痛、心电图等症状体征,调节血脂代谢和血液流变学状态,抑制炎症反应,调控氧化应激,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。     

Metabolic syndrome: pathogenesis, medical care and dental implications

BACKGROUND: The dental literature contains little information about metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its dental implications. TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED: The authors conducted a MEDLINE search for the period 2000 through 2005, using the term "metabolic syndrome" to define its pathophysiology, medical treatment and dental implications. RESULTS: MetS is the co-occurrence of abdominal obesity, hyper-triglyceridemia, reduced high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, hypertension and impaired fasting glucose, which results from consumption of a high-calorie diet and decreased levels of physical activity superimposed on the appropriate genetic setting. Components of MetS synergistically promote the development of atherosclerosis, resulting in myocardial infarction and stroke. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Deteriorating oral health status is associated with worsening of the atherogenic profile. Tooth loss often results in chewing difficulties because of inadequate occlusive surfaces and may lead to alterations in food selection and dietary quality. This, in turn, adversely affects body composition and nutritional status, both of which are related to vascular health. Dentists should develop treatment plans that preserve and restore the dentition, thus ensuring maximum masticatory efficiency and affording patients the optimum opportunity to consume food that will not foster atherogenesis.     

急性脑卒中患者血脂、脂蛋白及载脂蛋白水平的比较分析

目的比较急性脑梗死与脑出血患者血脂、脂蛋白及载脂蛋白水平,探讨血脂、脂蛋白及载脂蛋白在脑卒中的影响。方法选择脑梗死组102例、脑出血组76例和对照组80例,测定三组的三酰甘油、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、载脂蛋白A1、载脂蛋白B和载脂蛋白A1/载脂蛋白B比值。结果脑梗死组三酰甘油和LDL高于脑出血组和对照组(P<0.05),总胆固醇、ApoB在三组中比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),脑出血组HDL高于脑梗死组和对照组(P<0.05),VLDL在三组患者中比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),ApoA1在三组患者中比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),在ApoA1/ApoB比较中,对照组高于脑梗死组和脑出血组(P<0.05),而脑梗死和脑出血两组中ApoA1/ApoB比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论脑梗死与脑出血脂代谢异常有所不同,ApoA1/ApoB可以作为预防脑卒中的检测指标。     

Apolipoprotein E-ε4 polymorphism and cognitive dysfunction after carotid endarterectomy

Approximately 25% of patients undergoing carotid endarterectomy (CEA) exhibit cognitive dysfunction (CD) 1 day and 1 month after CEA. The apolipoprotein E (apoE)-ε4 polymorphism has been previously identified as a robust independent risk factor for CD 1 month after CEA. We aimed to determine whether the apoE-ε4 polymorphism is also an independent risk factor for CD as early as 1 day after CEA and to confirm the previous findings at 1 month. Patients undergoing elective CEA (n = 411) were enrolled with written informed consent in this follow-up observational study. CD was evaluated via an extensive neuropsychometric battery. apoE-ε4 carriers exhibited significantly more CD 1 day (30.1% versus 17.9%, p = 0.01) and 1 month (25.7% versus 9.8%, p = 0.001) after CEA compared to non-carriers. Multivariate regression models were generated to determine independent predictors of CD. At 1 day, apoE-ε4 was significantly associated with higher risk of CD (odds ratio [OR]: 2.24 [95% confidence interval 1.29–3.84], p = 0.004), while statin use was significantly associated with lower risk (OR: 0.40 [0.24–0.67], p < 0.001). At 1 month, apoE-ε4 was significantly associated with higher risk of CD (OR: 3.14 [1.53–6.38], p = 0.002), while symptomatic status was significantly associated with lower risk (OR: 0.45 [0.20–0.94], p = 0.03). The apoE-ε4 polymorphism is an independent risk factor for CD as early as 1 day after CEA and is confirmed to be an independent risk factor for CD at 1 month as well.     

Association of Bezafibrate Treatment With Reduced Risk of Cancer in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between bezafibrate, a drug used to treat hypertriglyceridemia, and long-term cancer incidence in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).Patients and MethodsThe study comprised 2980 patients with CAD (mean age, 60 years; 2729 [91.6%] men) who were free of cancer and were enrolled in the Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention study, a double-blind trial conducted between May 1, 1990, and January 31, 1993, in 18 cardiology departments in Israel. Patients randomized to receive 400 mg of bezafibrate (n=1486) or placebo (n=1494) daily for a median of 6.2 years (range, 4.7-7.6 years) were followed up for incidence of cancer through the Israeli National Cancer Registry and all-cause death through the Population Registry of the State of Israel until December 31, 2013. Cox proportional hazards and Fine and Gray survival models were used to assess the bezafibrate-cancer association.ResultsClinical characteristics and laboratory values were well balanced between the 2 groups at the study entry. Over a median follow-up of 22.5 years (range, 21.2-23.9 years), cancer developed in 753 patients. With death considered a competing event, the cumulative incidence of cancer at the end of the follow-up was lower in the bezafibrate vs the placebo group (23.9%; 95 CI, 21.9%-26.1% vs 27.2%; 95 CI, 25.1%-29.4%; P=.04). The hazard ratio for cancer in the bezafibrate vs placebo groups was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.74-0.99). In mediation analysis, the association between bezafibrate treatment and cancer incidence was not sensitive to adjustment for on-trial lipid levels but was attenuated on adjustment for on-trial fibrinogen levels.ConclusionBezafibrate treatment is associated with reduced risk of cancer among patients with CAD. Fibrinogen, but not lipid lowering, is linked to this association.     

Physical Activity and Risk of Metabolic Phenotypes of Obesity: A Prospective Taiwanese Cohort Study in More Than 200,000 Adults

ObjectiveTo examine the association between physical activity (PA) and the risk for metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO) or metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) in Asian adults.Patients and MethodsData were obtained from 205,745 healthy individuals 18 years or older. Individuals were classified as inactive, lower or upper insufficiently active, active, and high active. Metabolically unhealthy was defined as having 1 or more of the metabolic syndrome criteria, excluding the abdominal obesity criterion.ResultsThe percentages of metabolically healthy normal-weight (MHNW), metabolically healthy overweight (MHOW), MHO, and MUO in our cohort were 30.8% (63,408 of 205,745), 5.8% (12,002 of 205,745), 4.1% (8329 of 205,745), and 20.7% (42,564 of 205,745), respectively. During a mean follow-up of 6 (range, 0.5-19) years, among 63,408 MHNW participants, 1890 (3.0%) and 1174 (1.9%) developed MUO and MHO, respectively. Among 12,002 MHOW participants, 3404 (28.4%) developed MUO and 2734 (22.8%) developed MHO. A total of 5506 of 8329 (66.1%) participants moved from MHO to MUO, and 5675 of 42,564 (13.3%) moved from MUO to MHO. Compared with being inactive, MHNW individuals who were active or high active showed lower risk for MUO. Among those with MHOW, being high active was associated with reduced risk for MUO and MHO. Although among MHO participants, PA was not associated with incident MUO, being active or high active was linked to a greater likelihood of moving from MUO to MHO.ConclusionPA may prevent the development of both MHO and MUO. PA also helps increase the transition from MUO to MHO, which may contribute to reduce the subsequent development of type 2 diabetes mellitus and major cardiovascular disease complications.     

老年人血脂水平与载脂蛋白E等位基因的关系

为了解老年人血脂水平与载脂蛋白Ｅ基因多态性的关系，并探讨载脂蛋白Ｅ等位基因对老年人血脂水平的内在影响，利用ＰＣＲ－ＲＦＬＰ法测定了载脂蛋白Ｅ基因型，并用酶学方法对其血脂水平进行了测定。结果发现存在五种不同基因型：与携有ε３等位基因的人群相比，携有ε４等位基因的人群倾向具有较高的总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平以及较低的甘油三酯水平，而携有ε２等位基因的人群则有较低的低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平以及较高的     

人周围血单核细胞载脂蛋白E基因表达的竞争性逆转录-聚合酶链反应定量分析

为建立人周围血单核细胞载脂蛋白E基因表达检测方法,研究载脂蛋白E基因与儿童健康的关系,我们抽取26例健康儿童外周静脉血,分离血单核细胞,抽提RNA,采用逆转录-聚合酶链式反应检测载脂蛋白E基因表达,并以正常人cDNA作定量标准物,待测样品与定量标准物共扩增,计算出待测样本的个体的mRNA量.研究发现载脂蛋白E基因能在健康儿童周围血单核细胞表达,健康儿童载脂蛋白E基因表达量为0.37±0.15 mol/mol mRNA.表明采用竞争性逆转录-聚合酶链反应方法来检测人周围血单核细胞载脂蛋白E基因表达的分析方法快速、简便、灵敏、实用、可靠,且能准确定量,值得推广应用.