Epidemiology and virulence gene expression of intracellular group A streptococci in tonsils of recurrently infected adults

Intracellularly persistent group A streptococci (GAS, Streptococcus pyogenes) have been associated with recurrent tonsillopharyngitis and antibiotic treatment failure. As a supplementation of the published in vitro data, conventional bacteriology and molecular epidemiology was performed on material from 29 adult patients of a German army hospital with anamnestic signs of recurrent tonsillopharyngitis. Pre-surgery tonsil swabs and the surgically removed tonsils were examined with respect to growth of aerobic bacteria in absence and presence of antibiotics with exclusively extracellular activity. Under such antibiotic selection, Staphylococcus aureus and GAS were cultured from specimens of 13 and 3 patients, respectively. In every material GAS-positive by culture methods, the intracellular location of the penicillin-susceptible GAS isolates was confirmed by immunohistologic examination of tonsillar sections using a GAS-specific IgG antibody. The three intracellular GAS isolates were typed by emm gene sequencing and could be associated to types M6 and M49 (two isolates). The bacteria were serially passaged on sheep blood agar, and semiquantitative mRNA analysis from virulence genes was performed using bacteria of the 4th and 25th passage after isolation. An M-type-specific pattern of virulence gene expression and different gene expression levels in relation to the passage number were observed.     

111例急性T淋巴细胞白血病免疫表型分析

选用一组抗人白细胞表面分化抗原单克隆抗体和基因探针,依靠间接免疫荧光技术、Ap-AAP桥联酶标免疫组化染色和分子杂交手段.对111例急性T淋巴细胞白血病(T-ALL)进行了免疫分型研究。本研究所观察到的T-ALL细胞表型绝大多数反映着正常胸腺细胞分化发育阶段或某些少见类型细胞的表型特征,亦有少数病例则无正常淋巴细胞相对应的表型,表明T-ALL细胞的高度异质性。对T-ALL表型的研究为今后深入探讨胸腺内淋巴细胞的分化成熟以及T-ALL发生学提供了良好的研究模式。     

Immunohistochemical diagnosis in fine-needle aspiration cytology

This paper reports 25 kinds of polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies by ABC immunohistochemical technique used for 253 cell smears by fine-needle aspiration. The results were,1. Immunohistochemical diagnosis were classified into 136 metastatic cancers ( K12 EMA CEA LCA-),92 lymphomas (LCA k12- EMA- CEA-), 4 mesenchymal tumors (Vimentin ), 3 melanomas (S-100 NSE ). 15 reactive proliferations (k λ4 CD CD8 ) and 3 unspecified.2. The origin of 70 metastatic cancers were classified into 36 lung (HLC3-AB ), 4 gastrointestinal tract (MG7 ), 8 thyroid (TGB ), 1 prostate (PSA ), 3 liver (AFP ) and 14 unknown. 3. Immunologic phenotype of 87 lymphomas wereclassified into 66 cases of B-cell, 4 T-cell, 3 hsitocyte, 7 Hodgkin' s diseases and 7 unclear. The above results suggest that immunohistochemlcal method may be used as a new method of diagnosing and differentiating epithelial and non-epithelial tumors, detecting primary focus of metastatic cncer, differentiating between reactive proliferation adn lymphome a     

活化脐血T细胞和NK细胞的抗原及细胞因子表达研究

目的 :比较γIL - 2及抗 CD3m c Ab γIL - 2对脐血单个核细胞 (MNC)的免疫表型及细胞因子的影响。方法 :采用间接玫瑰花结法实验测定 2 3例脐血 MNC表面的分化抗原 ,EL ISA双抗夹心法测定肿瘤坏死因子 -α(TNF-α)、白介素 - 6 (IL - 6 )、白介素 - 8(IL - 8)。结果 :经γIL - 2及抗 CD3mc Ab γIL - 2激活的脐血 MNC其分化抗原发生明显变化。 1、两组与未活化相比 :CD3 、CD8 、CD16 、CD5 6 、CD19 、CD2 3 、HL A- DR↑ ,其表达 CD2 5亦均增加 ,但抗 CD3mc Ab γIL- 2激活组 >γIL- 2组 (P<0 .0 1) ,CD45 RA 均明显下降 ,但两组差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,CD34 无明显改变。 2、经抗 CD3m c Ab γIL- 2激活的 MNC,细胞集落增加 ,但 γIL- 2组无此作用。 3、细胞因子的改变 ,无论经 γIL- 2还是抗 CD3m c Ab γIL- 2激活的脐血 MNC上清液 ,其 IL- 6增高 ,但差异无显著性 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,TNF- α,IL- 8亦明显增高 ,但抗 CD3m c Ab组 >γIL- 2组 (P<0 .0 1)。结论 :脐血抗 CD3激活的杀伤细胞 (CD3AK)比 γIL- 2激活的L AK毒性作用更强 ,更有利于杀伤肿瘤细胞。     

日本血吸虫单克隆抗独特抗体NP30对山羊的保护性免疫作用

目的 观察日本血吸虫克隆抗独特型抗体ＮＰ３０主动免疫对山羊的保护性免疫作用。方法 将２２只山羊随机分为两组：（１）实验组：１２只,每只山羊 ＮＰ３０的免疫剂量为１０００μｇ／次,后腿肌肉注射,连续免疫３次,最后１一８周进行尾蚴攻击。（２对照组：１０只,肌肉注射ＳＰ２／０４腹水。尾蚴攻击感染后第１２ 睛死。结果 ＮＰ３０主动免疫山羊可放 减虫率,肝组织减弱率为３５．８３％,粪减卵率为２５％,并可明显     

狼疮性肝损害的临床和免疫学特点(附32例临床分析)

目的：研究系统性红斑狼疮（ＳＬＥ）性肝损害的发生率,临床表现及免疫学特点,方法：对符合ＳＬＥ诊断的５２０例病人的肝损害进行回顾性调查分析。结果：５２０例病人中狼疮性肝损害者有３２例（６．１％）,其中７５％病人无肝损害的临床症状,主要表现为轻、中度的转氨酶升高,４例出现黄疸;狼疮性肝损者血清抗核糖体Ｐ蛋白抗体（抗Ｒｉｂ－Ｐ）阳性率显著高于无肝损者,而ＡＮＡ、抗Ｓｍ抗体、抗ｄｓＤＮＡ抗体等自身抗体阳性     

Association between a low response to rubella vaccination and reduced anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 immune response after vaccination with BNT162b2: a cross-sectional study

ObjectivesSome vaccinated individuals fail to acquire an adequate immune response against infection. We aimed to determine whether mRNA severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccination could induce a sufficient immune response against SARS-CoV-2 in low responders to other vaccinations.MethodsUsing data from health-care workers who received two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine (BioNTech/Pfizer), we conducted a single-centre, cross-sectional study to determine whether low responders to measles, rubella, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccinations could acquire sufficient antibodies after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. From May 2021 to June 2021, participants were tested for anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (anti-S) IgG antibodies at least 2 weeks after the second dose of BNT162b2. The association between a low response to measles, rubella, and HBV vaccinations and the post-vaccination anti-S IgG titre was evaluated using the multivariable linear regression analysis.ResultsAll 714 participants were positive for the anti-S IgG titre (≥50.0 AU/mL) after two doses of BNT162b2 (median, 7126.8 AU/mL; interquartile range, 4496.2–11 296.8). There were 323 (45.2%), 131 (18.3%), and 43 (6.0%) low responders to measles, rubella, and HBV vaccinations, respectively. In the multivariable linear regression analysis, low responders to rubella vaccination had significantly low acquisition of the anti-S IgG titre after two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine (standardized coefficient β, ?0.110; 95% CI, ?0.175 to ?0.044).ConclusionsA low response to rubella vaccination is a potential predictor of a reduced response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Further studies are needed to determine whether a low response to rubella vaccination is associated with the durability of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination-induced immune response.     

Variable CSF findings in early and late Lyme neuroborreliosis: A follow-up study in 47 patients

The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 37 patients with early Lyme neuroborreliosis (ELN) and of 10 patients with late Lyme neuroborreliosis (LLN, duration of symptoms 7 months) was investigated for typical features differentiating between acute and chronic courses of disease. Individual patients were studied after 2 and 4 weeks, and 3, 6, and 12 months. Patients with ELN presented predominantly with symptoms of the peripheral nervous system, while patients with LLN generally suffered from symtoms of the central nervous system. At the first lumbar puncture, patients with ELN revealed a more intense pleocytosis in the CSF (P < 0.02) and a higher intrathecal synthesis of total IgM (P < 0.0003) and ofBorrelia burgdorferi-specific IgM antibodies (P < 0.01). At the same time, in patients with LLN, the blood-CSF barrier was more severely impaired (P = 0.03), and local production of total IgG (P = 0.0001), ofB. burgdorferi-specific IgG antibodies (P = 0.03) and of total IgA (P = 0.001) was more markedly increased. The quantity of intrathecally producedB. burgdorferi-specific IgA antibodies did not differ between the two study groups. Clinical recovery was usually accompanied by a considerable improvement of the blood-CSF barrier function and pleocytosis. After 6 months, the intrathecal synthesis of total IgG had significantly decreased in patients with ELN but not in those with LLN. At the same time, the CSF of most patients in both study groups still contained intrathecally producedB. burgdorferi-specific IgG antibodies. In the absence of clinical illness or symptoms of inflammation 6 and 12 months after treatment,B. burgdorferi-specific IgG antibodies in the CSF might simply indicate an anamnestic reaction to a previous infection of the central nervous system. Six months after antibiotic treatment, patients with ELN still revealed evidence of intrathecal synthesis of total IgM, whereas those with LLN did not. These antibodies, however, were not related toB. burgdorferi.     

胎儿先天性心脏病筛查方法的研究

为尽早确诊胎儿先天性心脏病(简称先心病),对200例胎儿进行B超心动图检查,发现心脏异常36例(18%),其中先心病26例(13％)。测定有高危因素的103例孕母血清风疹病毒抗体IgM,10例阳性(9.7％),其中7例胎儿有先心病(70%),其灵敏度为70％,特异度为92.3％,可做为胎儿先心病的筛查方法。两项检查合用,可提高胎儿先心病的诊断水平。同时提示胎儿超声心动图检查中增加卵圆孔直径和血流的评定可作为房间隔缺损的诊断标准。