Once-monthly radiotherapy for the palliation of pelvic gynecological malignancy

Twenty-seven patients with advanced pelvic gynecological malignancies were treated using a once-monthly fractionation scheme of 10 Gy to a total dose of 30 Gy to the whole pelvis. This course was well tolerated and provided effective palliation with a minimum of hospitalization. The results obtained suggest this course merits consideration for the palliation of other pelvic malignancies.     

Recommended structure for reporting economic evaluation on pharmaceuticals in Belgium

Pharmacoeconomic evaluations become more important for the reimbursement of pharmaceuticals, and will be obligatory for new pharmaceutical drugs for which an added therapeutic value is claimed and a price premium is proposed by the manufacturer. Therefore, it is important to guide purchasers and providers of pharmaceutical care in their efforts related to the evaluation process. Standard Report Format can support the quality, transparency and exhaustiveness of the data submitted. A multidisciplinary task force developed a Standard Report Format for pharmacoeconomic evaluations in Belgium.     

双泵化疗在大肠癌肝转移中的应用

目的 探讨肝动脉加门静脉灌注化疗（双泵化疗）在大肠癌肝转移中的价值。方法 30例大肠癌肝转移患者术后2周开始接受灌注化疗。其中采用双泵化疗（I组）12例,肝动脉灌注化疗（Ⅱ组）10例,门静脉灌注化疗（Ⅲ组）8例。3组化疗方案的剂量频次均相同。结果 肝转移灶治疗有效率（CR＋PR）Ⅰ组为66．7％,Ⅱ组为60．0％,Ⅲ组为37．5％。0．5,1,2年生存率I组分别为100．0％、75．0％、41．7％;Ⅱ组为90．0％、60．0％、30．0％;Ⅲ组为87．5％、50．0％、25．0％。结论 双泵灌注化疗是大肠癌肝转移治疗和预防的一种有效辅助手段,其疗效优于单纯肝动脉灌注化疗或门静脉灌注化疗。     

杭州市某城区居民贫血状况调查分析

目的初步调查杭州市区居民贫血的流行情况,为预防部门开展贫血的防治提供依据,同时增强社区居民对贫血的认识.方法利用调查表对杭州市某城区3个社区卫生点共1 060名居民(成年人)进行问卷和个别咨询调查,调查内容包括贫血症状、相关病因学因素及实验室检查情况.同时在调查过程中对社区居民进行有关贫血知识及合理膳食的宣教.结果该城区居民(成年人)贫血患病率为2.83%,贫血分度以轻度为主;不同年龄的居民贫血患病率间差别有显著性意义(P＜0.05);男、女患病率分别为2.48%、3.13%,差别无显著性意义(P＞0.05).结论杭州市区成年居民贫血易患人群以老年为主,防治工作应以老年人群为主要对象,应采取普及营养知识、改善膳食结构、尽早发现慢性病,尽早治疗等综合防治策略.     

Multi-disciplinary clinical protocol for the diagnosis of bulbar amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Introduction and objectives

The objective of this study was to examine the role of different specialists in the diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), to understand changes in verbal expression and phonation, respiratory dynamics and swallowing that occurred rapidly over a short period of time.

Diagnostic accuracy and utility of fine-needle aspiration cytology in therapeutic management of parotid gland tumours

Introduction and objectives

The utility of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in parotid tumours remains widely debated. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy of FNAC in diagnosing parotid tumours.

特发性慢性荨麻疹患者血清特异性IgE检测

[目的 ]观察IgE过敏原体外检测试剂盒在特发性慢性荨麻疹患者血清特异性IgE水平检测中的应用 .[方法 ]对 60例特发性慢性荨麻疹患者的血清进行特异性IgE检测 .[结果 ]吸入性过敏原阳性率为 67% ,最常见的吸入性过敏原为点青霉、链孢霉、黑根霉、榆树、柳树及杨树 .食入性过敏原阳性率为 62 % ,最常见的食入性过敏原为鱼、牛奶、蟹、虾、猪肉、牛肉及羊肉 .吸入组 44% (8/ 18)和食入组 17% (10 / 60 )对 2种以上过敏原过敏 .[结论 ]IgE过敏原体外检测试剂盒对特发性慢性荨麻疹等过敏性疾病的病因诊断有参考意义     

Blalock–Taussig Shunt for a Neonatal Case of Ebstein’s Anomaly with Unobstructed Right Ventricular Outflow Tract

A neonate with Ebsteins anomaly presented with severe cyanosis because of massive right-to-left shunt through an atrial septal defect and reduced blood flow through an unobstructed right ventricular outflow tract. This atypical patient underwent a right modified Blalock–Taussig shunt, which resolved the respiratory .     

Titel

Objective: Studies aiming to define key cytokines in inflammatory bowel disease have been restricted to gene expression or protein quantitation but lack functional information on cytokine interactions. Some of the major cytokines that govern the extent and duration of the inflammatory process in ulcerative colitis (UC), appear to be interleukin 1 (IL-1), its natural inhibitor IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) and transforming growth factor 1 (TGF-1). Indeed, as a predictor of inflammation, the mucosal status of IL-1, depicted as a ratio of IL-1ra/IL-1, has often been used.Methods: Using an IL-1 bioassay and specific anti-cytokine antibodies we have identified the functional role of these cytokines and their interactions in mucosal biopsy samples taken from patients with UC.Results: Compared with control specimens, the secreted and tissue levels of IL-1 were consistently raised in UC samples. Levels of IL-1, rather than IL-1ra or the ratio of IL-1ra/IL-1, most closely mirrored the severity of inflammation. Using specific antibodies we showed that IL-1ra and TGF-1 appear to modulate the degree of inflammation at different stages of the inflammatory process. Only in severely inflamed tissue, when IL-1 levels were high did IL-1ra inhibit IL-1-induced activity. In contrast, the levels of TGF-1, and its effect in controlling inflammation, was most marked in mild but not severe UC.Conclusions: The functional roles of these cytokines in the inflammatory process can now be more carefully elucidated using a bioassay and specific neutralising antibodies.Received 11 March 2003; returned for revision 20 May 2003; accepted by N. Boughton-Smith 12 September 2003