鼻后神经切断术治疗变应性鼻炎

目的通过Meta分析的方法对鼻后神经切断术治疗变应性鼻炎（allergic rhinitis,AR）的有效性与安全性进行分析，以明确该类手术的临床应用价值并提供相关循证学依据。方法通过计算机检索建库至 2019年4月，在Embase、Pubmed、Web of Science数据库、万方数据库、维普中文科技期刊数据库（VIP）及中国期刊全文数据库（CNKI）公开发表的研究鼻后神经切断术治疗AR的临床研究，根据纳入排除标准对文献进行筛选、质量评价和数据提取后，应用Revman 5.3软件对文献原始数据进行Meta分析。结果总共纳入9篇临床研究，包含1 343例患者。Meta分析结果显示，鼻内镜下鼻后神经切断术治疗AR的有效率很高［RD=0.89, 95%CI (0.82, 0.95),P<0.001］，术后鼻通气阻力减小［MD=0.33, 95%CI (0.03，0.62),P=0.03］，鼻塞症状评分降低［MD=3.30, 95%CI (0.60，6.00),P=0.02］，喷嚏症状评分减小［MD=3.21, 95%CI (1.80，4.62)，P<0.001］，流涕症状评分减小［MD=3.33, 95%CI (0.66，6.00)，P=0.01］，并发症发生率很低［RD=0.04, 95%CI (0.01, 0.08), P=0.03］，结果均具有统计学意义。结论鼻后神经切断术治疗AR有效率约为89%，术后鼻通气阻力和鼻塞、打喷嚏、流涕等症状明显减轻，且术后并发症的发生率约为4%，因此该术式对于药物治疗无效的中重度AR患者是一种有效可行的治疗方式。     

Tim-3在变应性鼻炎中的作用及机制研究进展

变应性鼻炎(AR)是一种慢性非特异性鼻黏膜炎性病变,属于Ⅰ型变态反应,是一个全球性健康问题,可导致许多疾病和劳动力丧失,给社会带来的负担也越来越重。其发病过程中所包括的免疫细胞受到了不同的基因组的调控作用。现已有研究论证T细胞免疫球蛋白黏蛋白结构域分子-3(Tim-3)参与到免疫细胞的表达中,对很多免疫反应都有调节作用,与免疫系统疾病密切相关。目前针对变应性鼻炎的药物及治疗方法存在一定的局限性,因此找到更多有效的治疗方法刻不容缓。关于Tim-3在变应性鼻炎中的作用机制的相关研究很多,但其综述却是匮乏的,希望该文章,希望能丰富AR的免疫调控机制研究,并且为其治疗方法提供新的思路。     

Effect of Histamine on the Permeability of the Nasal Mucosa in vivo

Objective--Histamine is one of the chemical mediators released during the acute phase of allergic rhinitis and is considered to cause the increase in epithelial permeability observed. We tried to examine the effect of histamine on nasal mucosal permeability in vivo. Material and methods--Histamine at different concentrations was administered to the nostrils of healthy subjects and the nasal transepithelial potential difference (PD) was measured. We also examined nasal mucosal permeability by means of a histochemical technique using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in guinea pigs. Results--Administration of 10^?1 M histamine significantly reduced the nasal PD in healthy subjects. After administration of 5.4×10^?1 M histamine to the noses of guinea pigs, most of the intercellular spaces showed positive reactions to HRP and this effect was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with mepyramine and the antihistamine bepotastine besilate. Conclusion--These results indicate that histamine plays an important role in the change in mucosal permeability observed in allergic rhinitis in vivo via the histamine H₁ receptor.     

Allergy genuflection? It's surmount with special focus on ear,nose and throat

The system that protects body from infectious agents is immune system. On occasions, the system seldom reacts with some foreign particles and causes allergy. Allergies of the ear, nose and throat (ENT) often have serious consequences, including impairment and emotional strain that lowers the quality of life of patients. This is further responsible for the common cold, cough, tonsillitis, dermal infection, chest pain and asthma-like conditions which disturb one's day to day life. The present review enlightens some common ENT allergies which one can suffer more frequently in one's lifetime, and ignorance leads to making the condition chronic. Information regarding pathophysiology and the management of ENT allergy by this review could help clinicians and common people to better understand the circumstances and treatment of ENT allergy.     

Changes in gene expression induced by histamine,fexofenadine and osthole: Expression of histamine H1 receptor,COX-2, NF-κB,CCR1, chemokine CCL5/RANTES and interleukin-1β in PBMC allergic and non-allergic patients

IntroductionFexofenadine (FXF) is a third-generation antihistamine drug and osthole is assumed as a natural antihistamine alternative. This paper compares results of histamine, FXF and osthole impact on HRH-1, COX-2, NF-κB-p50, CCR1 mRNA expression. We also measured mRNA expression of IL-1β and CCL5/RANTES in incubated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to compared how histamine, FXF and osthole had influence on expression level and interacts on product secretion.ObjectiveThe purpose was to investigate expression pattern in asthma PBMC.MethodsThe cultures were treated 72 h with FXF and osthole. We measured mRNA expression of histamine HRH-1, COX-2, NF-κB-p50, CCR1, IL-1β and CCL5/RANTES with Real-Time PCR (RT-PCR).ResultsThe present study suggest that osthole may be a potential inhibitor of histamine H₁ receptor activity. We also demonstrated that cells cultured with histamine increase COX-2 mRNA expression and osthole reduce it.ConclusionAllergy remains one of the most common chronic diseases in Europe and it is rapidly approaching epidemic proportions; with current predictions estimating that the number of allergy-afflicted will equal the healthy population by 2020. It is therefore paramount to find new pharmaceuticals which successfully combat allergic disease.     

西咪替丁联合潘生丁治疗86例过敏性紫癜患者的疗效分析

目的探讨西咪替丁联合潘生丁治疗过敏性紫癜的临床疗效。方法将在我院2012年6月至2013年6月收治的过敏性紫癜86例患者,随机分为观察组和对照组,观察组给予西咪替丁联合潘生丁治疗,对照组给予泼尼松、维生素C、维生素D、钙剂、氯雷他定治疗。比较两组患者临床疗效及不良反应的发生情况。结果观察组总有效率93.02%,对照组有效率79.07%,两组总有效率具有差异性(P<0.05)。且观察组患者皮肤紫癜消退时间,临床症状消失时间,住院天数均明显低于对照组,两组相比具有差异性(P<0.05),西咪替丁联合潘生丁也无明显不良反应。结论西米替西联合潘生丁治疗过敏性紫癜疗效显着,且无严重不良反应,使用便利,患者依从性好,值得临床广泛推广和使用。