多形式培养学生非智力因素提高学习成绩的实践性研究

目的 培养学生的非智力因素，提高学习成绩，探讨教育教学的方法。方法 对实验组采取讲座、竞赛等多种教育形式。培养学生的学习毅力、兴趣等智力因素。结果 通过培养，学生对非智力因素的认识增强，能认识到父母给的遗传因素只是搞好学习的基础，而非智力因素才是决定成败的主要因素，学生比以前更加发奋学习，学习成绩比对照组明显好。结论 教师必须重视培养学生的非智力因素，把培养工作落实到日常教学工作中，常抓不懈，必能达到提高学生的非智力因素和学习成绩、培养高素质人才的目的。     

济宁市40年疟疾防治对策与效果

目的 总结济宁市40年来疾病防治成果，以期为当前和今后制定疟疾防治策略和措施提供依据。方法收集济宁市40余年疟疾疫情报告资料，评价防治策略和措施及其效果。结果济宁市疟疾防治在不同时期采取的不同策略和综合性抗疟措施，收到显著效果，全市疟疾发病率由1960年的1949．14／77下降至1986年的1／万以下。全市12个县市区全部达到卫生部颁布的消灭疟疾标准。结论济宁市40年来在不同的阶段实施的防治策略和综合抗疟措施有效。     

不同水平成就动机大学新生的人格特征研究

目的探讨不同性别和水平成就动机大学新生的人格特征差异。方法采用成就动机问卷以及EPQ-88问卷对382名大一新生进行测查。结果不同水平成就动机的精神质差异不显著，内外倾在中一高组间差异显著，情绪稳定性在三组两两比较差异显著；情绪稳定性是不同水平成就动机的共同预测指标；高水平成就动机与高精神质存在显著的强正相关。结论不同水平成就动机的人格特征存在差异；两性在各自不同水平成就动机的人格特征存在不同差异。     

上海市临床医学中心建设的探索与实践

为了保持和发展上海医学整体优势特色,上海卫生系统实施了“上海市临床医学中心建设计划”。该计划不仅关系到全市卫生资源的优化组合,也涉及到市卫生系统和各医院内部的结构调整和资源重组。经过2年多的建设,全市已建立了33个市临床医学中心,在水平提升、规模效应和质量效益方面已初见成效。通过分析临床医学中心的硬件建设和软件建设过程,看到临床医学中心在形态建设、工作效率、学科间合作、学术地位、医疗质量及人事分配制度改革等方面取得了初步成效。同时,对临床医学中心在发展进程中出现的矛盾与问题进行了有益探索。     

Prenatal Alcohol Exposure and Academic Achievement at Age Six: A Nonlinear Fit

This is a report on the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the academic achievement of children at 6 years of age. In this longitudinal study, women were interviewed at the end of each trimester of pregnancy, at delivery, and at 8, 18, 36, and 72 months postpartum. The women were of lower socioeconomic status, high school-educated, and moderate users of alcohol. The offspring received age-appropriate physical and developmental assessments at each follow-up. Linear regression and nonlinear curve fitting were used to investigate the nature and shape of the relationship between prenatal alcohol exposure and achievement. In addition, the role of child IQ in this relationship was explored. Alcohol exposure during the second trimester predicted deficits in each of the three subtests of the Wide Range Achievement Test-Revised (WRAT-R): reading, spelling, and arithmetic. The relationship was partially reduced by the addition of IQ to the model, but prenatal alcohol exposure still predicted significant deficits in achievement, even after controlling for IQ. Tests for the shape of the relationship demonstrated that the effect of prenatal exposure on the arithmetic subtest of the WRAT-R was a linear or dose-response relationship. By contrast, the relationships between prenatal alcohol exposure and performance on the spelling and reading subtests of the WRAT-R were better modeled as threshold effects. The thresholds for both were ˜1 drink/day in the second trimester.     

科技成果转化是科研工作的生命线

本文对当前高校科研工作的核心问题进行了思考和再认识,从四个方面阐述了科技成果转化的重要性,指出科技成果转化是关系高校科研工作能否稳健、快速发展的重要问题,是高校科研工作的生命线.     

大学生时间管理倾向与成就动机的关系研究

目的探讨大学生时间管理倾向与成就动机的关系。方法利用时间管理倾向量表、成就动机问卷对299名大学生进行调查。结果大学生时间管理倾向与成就动机成显著正相关，且对成就动机有显著的预测作用；其中时间效能感对成就动机有直接效应，时间价值感和时间监控观对成就动机有间接效应。结论大学生时间管理倾向与成就动机存在显著关系。     

研究生学业自我效能感与成就动机关系研究

目的运用自我效能感的原理和麦克利兰的成就动机理论,对研究生进行了自我效能感和成就动机的关系研究。方法对201名研究生进行了学业自我效能感以及成就动机问卷测量。结果①研究生学业自我效能感不存在性别和专业差异（p〉0.05）;②研究生成就动机不存在性别和专业差异（p〉0.05）;③研究生的学业自我效能感与追求成功动机和合成动机呈显著正相关,与避免失败动机呈显著负相关。结论学业自我效能感与成就动机之间存在密切关系。     

Achievement levels and mental health in medical students: a Monash University study

An extensive battery of multi-choice psychology tests was administered to Monash University medical students in 1975. Respondents were classified by sex, year and achievement level. Significant differences in parameters of psychological adaptation were detected when students in the three different achievement groups were compared. In general, the low achievers were more depressed and anxious, and less extroverted and empathic than their colleagues. In addition, their own assessment of their mental health was lower than that of their colleagues. They also tended to study less actively, were more prone to avoid the study of core material and derived less gratification overall from the medical course. It is suggested that underachieve-ment in medical students is a danger signal connoting psychological difficulties and that under-achievers constitute a potentially under-counselled group. Counselling facilities should be sufficiently comprehensive to deal with the problems outlined as it is unlikely that this particular set of observations is unique to the group studied who happened to be medical students. The lesson is there for all faculties.     

初中学生学习成绩影响因素研究

目的　探讨影响初中生学习成绩的有关因素 ,为采取相应的干预措施提供依据。　方法　用自拟学生一般情况调查表、父母教养方式评定量表、心理健康问卷、社交量表及教师行为问题问卷对初中一、二年级共 411名学生进行调查研究。在单因素分析基础上进行了多元逐步回归分析。　结果　父亲职业为医务或服务人员、母亲文化程度、母亲不良的教养态度、学生的正及负人缘系数和行为问题总分是影响初中生学习成绩的主要因素。　结论　初中生的学习成绩受家庭和学校环境及自身非智力心理因素等诸多因素的影响。