网络版的医疗设备资产管理模块设计与应用

本文应用微软的IIS、DREAMVEAVERMX建立设备管理信息系统，并使用ASP、JAVASCRIPT语盲开发资产管理模块。结果表明，该模块的使用可以提高资产密集单位的管理效率。     

医院药品信息维护系统的设计与实现

目的开发一套用于医院药品信息维护的计算机网络化应用软件。方法依靠医院现有的局域网络和数据库,应用PowerBuider8为开发工具,设计出医院药品信息维护的网络化软件。结果软件由10个菜单项目组成,具备药品代码维护、药品入库(退货)、药品调价、药品报表计算、医院药品明细帐生成、临床科室用药分析、住院患者用药分析等模块,用户可进行各种查询、统计和分析,并可将统计结果进行排序、图形化、打印和文件输出等,为医院药品管理的决策者如院长、财务处,药剂科主任、药库管理者以及药物利用分析和研究人员如临床药师等提供药品综合查询和分析的工具。结论软件与医院管理信息系统紧密结合,具有响应快速、信息综合、安装简便、实用、安全的特点,具有较高的应用价值。     

PET的成像质量、衰减和散射校正精度测试

目的：应用NEMA NU2-2001标准测试PET／CT的PET成像质量、衰减和散射校正精度性能指标。方法：采用NEMA IEC／2001PET人体体部模型，按照NEMA标准的测试方法，对PET成像质量和衰减和散射校正精度指标进行测试。结果：衰减和散射校正的精确性相对误差为0．25（n=4）和0．25（n=8）。结论：模型备置和测试数据分析处理比较复杂，严格按照放射活度比制备模型，认真仔细、甚至多次重复处理测试数据，该项测试才能获得准确结果。     

Sagittal laxity in vivo after total knee arthroplasty

Introduction A stress arthrometry study of 77 knees undergoing total knee arthroplasty was performed to determine the difference in anteroposterior (AP) laxity between posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)-retaining (PCLR) and PCL-substituting (PCLS) prostheses using the Genesis I TKA.Materials and methods Fifty-three knees had PCLR and 24 had PCLS prostheses. The selected patients had successful arthroplasties after a minimum follow-up of 5 years. AP laxity was measured with a KT-2000 arthrometer (Medmetric, San Diego, CA, USA) using standard protocols.Results At 30° of flexion, there was no statistical difference in anterior (PCLR: 4.7 mm, PCLS: 4.5 mm), posterior (PCLR: 1.1 mm, PCLS: 0.7 mm), or total (PCLR: 5.8 mm, PCLS: 5.3 mm) displacement. At 75°, significant differences were seen in both anterior (PCLR: 3.3 mm, PCLS: 2.3 mm) and total (PCLR: 4.8 mm, PCLS: 3.4 mm) displacement (p=0.001 and p=0.009, respectively), although there was no statistical difference in posterior displacement (PCLR: 1.5 mm, PCLS: 1.1 mm).Conclusion The above values are considered the suitable degree of AP laxity in total knee arthroplasty for a satisfactory clinical outcome 5–9 years after surgery. The PCL in a PCLR prosthesis and the central tibial spine and femoral cam in a PCLS prosthesis might play comparable roles in determining the laxity in the posterior direction in these prostheses.     

Behavioral and social sciences theories and models: are they used in unintentional injury prevention research?

Behavioral and social sciences theories and models have the potential to enhance efforts to reduce unintentional injuries. The authors reviewed the published literature on behavioral and social science theory applications to unintentional injury problems to enumerate and categorize the ways different theories and models are used in injury prevention research. The authors conducted a systematic review to evaluate the published literature from 1980 to 2001 on behavioral and social science theory applications to unintentional injury prevention and control. Electronic database searches in PubMed and PsycINFO identified articles that combined behavioral and social sciences theories and models and injury causes. The authors identified some articles that examined behavioral and social science theories and models and unintentional injury topics, but found that several important theories have never been applied to unintentional injury prevention. Among the articles identified, the PRECEDE PROCEED Model was cited most frequently, followed by the Theory of Reasoned Action/Theory of Planned Behavior and Health Belief Model. When behavioral and social sciences theories and models were applied to unintentional injury topics, they were most frequently used to guide program design, implementation or develop evaluation measures; few examples of theory testing were found. Results suggest that the use of behavioral and social sciences theories and models in unintentional injury prevention research is only marginally represented in the mainstream, peer-reviewed literature. Both the fields of injury prevention and behavioral and social sciences could benefit from greater collaborative research to enhance behavioral approaches to injury control.     

Incorporating a public health approach in drug law: lessons from local expansion of treatment capacity and access under California's Proposition 36

A major state drug abuse initiative, California's Proposition 36 of 2000, mandated that adults convicted of drug possession be offered treatment in lieu of incarceration. While the law expanded public treatment for arrestees, the counties were given discretion in structuring their systems of care and procedures to manage clients. Using data from a study of key informants in eight counties, this article examines local planning to increase drug treatment capacity and manage clients' access to treatment. In both these planning domains, it describes the counties' strategies and concerns, reasons for their differences in approaches, and whether and how this state initiative, which explicitly incorporated treatment objectives into penal drug law, will shift the debate over drug abuse policy toward greater consideration of public health goals.     

Confidential storage and transmission of medical image data

We discuss computationally efficient techniques for confidential storage and transmission of medical image data. Two types of partial encryption techniques based on AES are proposed. The first encrypts a subset of bitplanes of plain image data whereas the second encrypts parts of the JPEG2000 bitstream. We find that encrypting between 20% and 50% of the visual data is sufficient to provide high confidentiality.     

Gemcitabine Hydrochloride-Loaded Functionalised Carbon Nanotubes as Potential Carriers for Tumour Targeting

The objective of the present work was to formulate gemcitabine hydrochloride loaded functionalised carbon nanotubes to achieve tumour targeted drug release and thereby reducing gemcitabine hydrochloride toxicity. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes were functionalised using 1,2-distearoylphosphatidyl ethanolamine-methyl polyethylene glycol conjugate 2000. Optimised ratio 1:2 of carbon nanotubes:1,2-distearoylphosphatidyl ethanolamine-methyl polyethylene glycol conjugate 2000 was taken for loading of gemcitabine hydrochloride. The formulation was evaluated for different parameters. The results showed that maximum drug loading efficiency achieved was 41.59% with an average particle size of 188.7 nm and zeta potential of −10−1 mV. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy images confirmed the tubular structure of the formulation. The carbon nanotubes were able to release gemcitabine hydrochloride faster in acidic pH than at neutral pH indicating its potential for tumour targeting. Gemcitabine hydrochloride release from carbon nanotubes was found to follow Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model with non-Fickian diffusion pattern. Cytotoxic activity of formulation on A549 cells was found to be higher in comparison to free gemcitabine hydrochloride. Stability studies indicated that lyophilised samples of the formulation were more stable for 3 months under refrigerated condition than at room temperature. Thus carbon nanotubes can be promising carrier for the anticancer drug gemcitabine hydrochloride.