Electrophysiological evaluation in 4 patients with diabetic pseudotabes

BACKGROUND: Researches on diabetic nervous system lesion are mainly focus on peripheral nerve and vegetative nerve, so there are few investigations on diabetic pseudotabes. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the electrophysiological examinations on the diagnosis of diabetic pseudotabes. DESIGN: Case study. SETTING: Department of Electrophysiology and Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 4 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, including 3 males and 1 female aged from 50 to 72 years, were selected from Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University from March 2002 to February 2005. All accepted subjects met the modified diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus, which was set by American Diabetes Mellitus Association (ADA) in 1997. Otherwise, the subjects had typical symptoms and physical signs of spinal posterior funiculus damage. However, patients with spinal cord lesion which was caused by other factors were excluded. All accepted subjects provided the confirmed consent. METHODS: Nicolet NT electromyography (EMG)/evoked potential meter (made in the USA) was used to detect spinal cord conduction velocity (SCCV), somatosensory evoked potential (SEP) of lower limbs, motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) and sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) of extremities. Determining criteria: Measurements were performed based on the laboratory standards. SCCV, which was less than lower limit of normal value (T2–12: 40–55 m/s, T12–L4: 20–41 m/s, T2–L4: 36–45 m/s), was regarded as abnormal. SEP value of lower limbs: P40, P60 and PF, which were more than standard deviation of normal value (x(—)+2.5), were regarded as the abnormality. Normal value of P40, P60 and PF latencies (x(—)±s) in this study: P40, P60 and PF in males were (37.6±1.9) ms, (59.8±3.9) ms and (7.6±0.9) ms, respectively; meanwhile, those in females were (35.5±1.7) ms, (55.2±2.7) ms and (6.3±0.7) ms, respectively. MNCV and SNCV, which were less than 50 m/s in upper limbs and 40 m/s in lower limbs, were regarded as the abnormality. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Electrophysiological examinations. RESULTS: All 4 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were involved in the final analysis. ① SCCV: Among 4 patients, SCCV of three patients was decreased in T2–12, T12–L4 and T2–L4, and that of the other one was decreased in T2–12 and T2–L4; however, SCCV in T12–L4 was normal. There was significant difference as compared with normal value (P < 0.01). ② SEP of lower limbs: SEP values of lower limbs were abnormal in all 4 patients. Among them, P40, P60 and PF latencies of two patients were delayed; P40 of one patient was delayed and PF was not drained out; P40 and P60 of the last one were delayed and PF was normal. ③ MNCV and SNCV: The MNCV and SNCV were normal in one patient and abnormal in three patients. The results demonstrated that MNCV and SNCV of extremities decreased; especially, sensory nerve action potential (SNAP) of both lower extremities of one patient were not drained out. CONCLUSION: Detections of SCCV, SEP of lower limbs, MNCV and SNCV of extremities are helpful to investigate whether peripheral nerve and deep sensory passage are damaged or not and determine whether deep sensory damage is caused by peripheral nerve and spinal posterior funiculus.     

腋窝淋巴结清扫术中保留肋间臂神经20例报告

腋窝淋巴结解剖学的意义在于控制区域性疾病的淋巴回流，尤其是乳房区域存在恶性疾病时。腋窝淋巴结清扫是该区域根治性手术的重要组成部分，是外科常用的术式。传统的乳腺癌根治术后会有近63.3%的患者出现不同程度患侧上肢的感觉障碍，主要表现为疼痛，麻木。而且持续时间较长，     

腰椎间盘突出症的注射疗法

腰椎间盘突出症是临床上一种常见病，是引起腰腿痛的主要原因，目前对该病的治疗方法有多种，本文只对骶管注射疗法进行阐述。骶管注射治疗腰椎间盘突出症（PNP）引起的腰腿痛，因方法简便、安全可靠、效果肯定。在国内外被广泛采用。由于应用者多，在许多方面，如注射液中含药种类及其剂量、注射液的总量、注射速度及其适应症等，差异甚大，各行其法。为便于统一规范，复习大量文献，综述讨论，以求指正。     

单腔起搏复律除颤器反复放电1例分析

患者女性，46岁，既往有甲亢病史5年，阵发性房颤间歇服用胺碘酮一年。于2002年8月19日因精神悲伤，突然意识丧失，晕倒在地，口唇发绀小便失禁，5min后送入我院急救中心，心电图示：尖端扭转型室速室颤，前、后反复电除颤10次，恢复窦性心律，频发房早，间歇短阵房颤，T波倒置，Q—T间期440-480ms，为防止再次室颤，于2002年9月7日安置单腔起博复律除颤器(ICD)，     

结核、乙肝的预防从新生儿做起

目的:探讨如何提高24h卡介苗、乙肝的有效接种率,降低乙肝疫苗第二针接种的不良反应。方法:严格执行不同部位接种不同疫苗,即左手臂接种卡介苗、右手臂接种乙肝疫苗。并且乙肝疫苗第二针在右臂接种。结果:这样有效排除了疫苗相互干扰的因素,摆脱了接种工作中的困惑,使接种工作形成制度化、程序化、规范化。有效提高了两苗接种率。接种率分别是97%和89%取得了令人满意的效果。     

应用C形臂X线机评价颈椎椎弓根螺钉位置：螺钉同轴位及斜位摄片

与腰椎和胸椎相比，颈椎椎弓根螺钉还未得到广泛应用，原因主要为颈椎椎弓根较小，置入螺钉的风险较大。到目前为止，还没有关于术中评价颈椎椎弓根螺钉位置的研究。为研究传统C形臂X线机摄片判断颈椎椎弓根螺钉不良位置的敏感性及特异性，本文作者采用C形臂X线机对已放置颈椎椎弓根螺钉的人类尸体脊柱行斜位及螺钉同轴位摄片，借此来评价螺钉的位置，[第一段]     

卵巢动脉收缩期峰速度与促排卵治疗

目的探讨卵巢动脉收缩期峰速度对促排卵治疗的影响。方法经阴道彩色B超测量卵巢动脉收缩期峰速度并以均数分组,各组患者用克罗米芬100mg进行促排卵,通过卵巢对克罗米芬的敏感性来反映卵巢动脉收缩期峰速度与卵巢储备功能的关系。结果卵巢动脉收缩期峰速度血流越大,对克罗米芬反应性越好,经卡方检验差异具有统计学意义。结论经阴道彩色B超检测卵巢动脉收缩期峰速度可以反映卵巢的储备功能。     

宽QRS波群心动过速的分类

宽QRS波群心动过速是指体表心电图QRS波群时限≥0.12s,心室率>100bpm的心动过速。它包含了病因、发生机制及治疗原则均不相同的心动过速。主要见于室上性心动过速伴室内差异性传导和室性心动过速(室速)。宽QRS波群心动过速最常见为室性心动过速,约占宽QRS波群心动过速的70%～80%。近年来,随着心内电生理检查和射频消融术在临床的广泛应用,人们对其机制的认识不断拓展,对其分类和鉴别诊断的认识更加深入。目前常用以下方法进行分类。一.根据宽QRS波群心动过速的发生机制分类1.室上性心动过速合并束支阻滞或室内差异性传导(1)房性快速性…