hTERT-siRNA表达载体的构建及对MCF-7细胞生长、端粒酶活性的抑制作用

目的 构建人端粒酶逆转录酶(hTERT)基因的RNA干扰(RNAi)表达载体,并研究该载体对乳腺癌MCF-7细胞端粒酶活性及细胞增殖的影响,为针对端粒酶的乳腺癌基因治疗提供新的途径.方法 设计针对人端粒酶逆转录酶催化亚基(hTERT)的干扰靶序列TGTTCAGCGTGCTCAACTA,构建重组siRNA表达质粒pGenesil-hTERT,同时构建不针对任何基因的阴性对照重组pGenesiL-HK.两种重组质粒经酶切、电泳分析和测序鉴定后,用脂质体转染法分别转染乳腺癌MCF-7细胞,应用端粒酶重复序列扩增聚合酶链反应(TRAP-PCR)及聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳检测端粒酶活性,流式细胞仪测定细胞凋亡率.结果 酶切电泳测序分析表明插入序列正确,重组质粒构建成功.转染pGenesil-hTERT的MCF-7细胞,凝胶电泳见端粒酶特征性条带明显减少,端粒酶活性受到明显抑制pGenesil-hTERT转染细胞后凋亡率较对照组明显升高(P＜0.01),且转染48h凋亡率最高,达54.7%±2.41%.结论 hTERT-siRNA可有效抑制乳腺癌MCF-7细胞端粒酶活性、促进细胞凋亡,此法有望应用于肿瘤基因治疗.     

Construction and validation of a Parkinson's disease mutation genotyping array for the Parkin gene.

Parkin mutations account for the majority of familial and sporadic early onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) cases with a known genetic association. More than 100 mutations have been described in the Parkin gene that includes homozygous, compound heterozygous, and single heterozygous mutations. We have designed a Parkin mutation genotyping array (gene chip) that includes published Parkin sequence variants and allows their simultaneous detection. The chip was validated by screening 85 PD cases and 47 controls previously tested for Parkin mutations. Similar genotyping microarrays have been developed for other genetically heterogeneous diseases including age-related macular degeneration. Here, we show the utility of a genotyping array for Parkinson's disease by analysis of 60 subjects from the Genetic Epidemiology of Parkinson Disease (GEPD) study that includes 15 early-onset PD case probands and 45 relatives.     

16层螺旋CT血管成像在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的价值

目的:探讨16层螺旋CT血管成像(CTA)在颅内动脉瘤诊断中的价值.方法:对临床疑诊为颅内动脉瘤16例患者行CTA检查,其中8例同期行数字减影血管造影(DSA)检查.原始图像重建采用最大密度投影(MIP)和容积再现技术(VR).结果:16例患者经CTA检出动脉瘤17个.1例患者为多发动脉瘤(2个),15例为单发动脉瘤.瘤体以圆形或卵圆形居多(13个),也可以显示为肾形(2个)、葫芦形(1个)和串蛛状(1个).瘤体最大直径18 mm,最小直径1.5 mm.8例行DSA检查的患者中,7例DSA所见与CTA结果一致,1例DSA漏诊1个动脉瘤.结论:16层CTA检出动脉瘤准确率高,快速、无创,可以作为诊断动脉瘤首选影像学方法,尤其适合于急诊情况下,并能补充DSA诊断信息.     

卵巢卵泡膜细胞瘤的CT诊断

目的:探讨卵巢卵泡膜细胞瘤的CT特点,提高对本病的CT诊断水平.方法:分析7例经手术病理证实的卵巢卵泡膜细胞瘤患者的临床资料和CT表现.结果:7例中肿瘤位于右侧附件区5例,左侧附件区2例.6例(6/7)表现为边界清楚的圆形、卵圆形实质性肿块,1例表现为边界清楚的分叶状实质性肿块,密度均与子宫肌层相近,病灶与子宫和肠腔分界清晰,5例肿瘤内可见散在小片状低密度区;增强扫描示肿瘤在实质期和延迟期呈缓慢渐进性轻度强化,5例肿瘤较大,其内散在小片状低密度区未见强化.7例中合并腹水6例,合并囊腺瘤、单发子宫肌瘤、多发子宫肌瘤各1例.结论:卵泡膜细胞瘤的CT表现有一定特征性,CT对本病的诊断和鉴别诊断有重要价值.     

99mTc-depreotide生长抑素受体显像的临床应用研究

生长抑素受体显像近年来研究较多，depreotide已成为其研究热点之一。Depreotide在诊断与鉴别诊断临床常见的孤立性肺结节方面有其独特优势；此外，^99mTc—depreotide生长抑素受体显像在乳腺癌、甲状腺癌、淋巴瘤等肿瘤及甲状腺相关性眼病等非肿瘤性疾病也有一定应用前景。     

踝关节色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎误诊1例报告

患者,女性,53岁,发现左外踝无痛性肿物2年余,无外伤史。发病1个月后曾在外院诊断为“血管瘤”,建议观察随诊。近期肿物逐渐增大,查体发现肿物位于外踝尖的前后侧分为两部分,轻度压痛,有揉面感,踝关节活动无受限。超声示外踝附近两个不规则低回声影,边界清,内部回声不均匀,内可见血流信号,为实性肿物。踝关节X线片未见明显骨质破坏,关节面光滑,关节间隙较对侧稍增宽。病理报告见图1。图1滑膜上皮呈乳头状增生,间质大量纤维组织细胞增生,淋巴细胞、多核巨细胞浸润,并伴大量含铁血黄素沉积(HE染色,×20)2005年1月12日行肿瘤切除术,由外踝沿肿…     

Local anesthesia for inguinal hernia repair in adolescents

Background Many centers use local anesthesia for adult inguinal hernia surgery in the setting of day-case surgery. There are no reports on, or guidelines for, use of anesthesia for inguinal hernia surgery in adolescents. We describe our initial experience with the use of local anesthesia and intravenous sedation for inguinal hernia surgery in adolescents in the setting of a day-surgery facility. Methods The charts of 14 consecutive adolescent patients (aged 12–17) who had inguinal hernia surgery from July 2004 to March 2005 were reviewed retrospectively. Intravenous sedation was administered 1–3 min before injection of local anesthetic. Sedation consisted of midazolam 0.085 mg kg⁻¹ and either fentanyl 0.85 μg kg⁻¹ or ketamine 0.085 mg kg⁻¹, according to the preference of the anesthesiologist. Additional sedation with half the initial dose was administered if required. Local anesthesia using a combination of lignocaine and bupivacaine was administered by the surgeon with infiltration in the skin and deep tissues. Results Fourteen adolescents aged 12–17 years (mean 14.8 ± 1.37), weighing 34–100 kg (mean 61.2 ± 16.5), had 15 inguinal hernia repairs with sedation and local anesthesia. All the patients were male. All completed the surgery with sedation and local anesthesia. None required conversion to general anesthesia. There were no immediate or subsequent complications. Mean time from the end of surgery to discharge home was under 2 h (mean 106 ± 36 min). Examination of patient charts did not reveal any complaints regarding the surgery or the postoperative course at the postoperative follow up visit. Conclusions The use of local anesthesia with intravenous sedation for inguinal hernia repair in the adolescent age group seems feasible and requires further prospective study.     

药物性肾损害53例临床分析

目的总结药物性。肾损害患者53例，旨在提高对该病的认识。方法对本科1995至2005年药物性。肾损害患者的临床资料进行回顾分析。结果53例中40岁以下者17例，40岁以上者36例，其中60岁以上者23例。致病药物中抗菌素32例，中药6例，解热镇痛药、避孕药、造影剂、抗肿瘤药、奥美拉唑、阿昔洛韦、卡托普利共15例。临床表现为急性间质性肾炎综合征21例，急性肾小管坏死11例，急进性。肾炎综合征4例，肾病综合征7例，慢性间质性。肾炎综合征9例，过敏性紫癜性。肾炎1例。死亡3例，转为慢性肾损害10例，其余患者均临床痊愈。结论中老年人为药物性。肾损害的高危人群；抗生素。肾损害特别是头孢类抗生素。肾损害发生率上升到所有药物之首。停用致病药物和支持治疗是公认的治疗方法，而对于少数表现为急进性。肾炎综合征、肾病综合征、过敏性紫癜性。肾炎的患者，甲基泼尼松龙加环磷酰冲击治疗后继以肾上腺皮质激素口服也不失为抢救。肾脏的重要方法。     

神经导航下锁孔开颅显微手术切除脑深部海绵状血管瘤(附15例分析)

目的探讨神经导航下锁孔开颅显微手术切除脑深部海绵状血管瘤的技巧及疗效。方法对15例脑深部海绵状血管病人在神经导航下行锁孔开颅，运用显微神经外科技术切除病灶。结果本组脑深部海绵状血管瘤均取得了显微镜下全切除。术中出血少，均未输血。病人术后恢复良好，无手术死亡。结论采用神经导航技术可精确定位脑深部病变，锁孔手术又是处理颅内病变的微创神经外科技术。正确应用这两项技术，结合熟练的显微神经外科技巧，可明显提高脑深部海绵状血管瘤的临床治疗效果。     

副神经节细胞瘤的影像诊断

目的探讨副神经节细胞瘤的影像特点，提高其诊断正准率。方法对25例副神经节细胞瘤的影像资料进行分析，探讨不同影像检查方法诊断副神经节细胞瘤的价值。结果16例位于腹膜后、4例位于心脏、2例位于膀胱、2例位于胸腔近膈顶处、1例位于肝门区。以囊实性为主，与周围组织分界不清，MR及CT平扫肿瘤信号及密度不均匀，增强扫描实性部分可明显强化。17例肾上腺髓质^131I-间碘苄胍（^131I-MIBG）显像阳性率为88．2％（15例）；7例行生长抑素受体^99Tc^m-奥曲肽（^99Tc^m-octreotide）显像者，6例阳性。结论CT、MRI可显示肿瘤内部结构特征及与周围组织的关系，^131I-MIBG显像有定性价值，^99Tc-octreotide显像可提供补充信息。