新疆雪莲细胞悬浮系的建立和黄酮类活性成分的产生

目的:建立新疆雪莲的悬浮培养体系。方法:研究不同培养基、培养基初始pH、碳源、接种量、植物生长物质含量对雪莲细胞生长和黄酮合成的影响。结果:N₆液体培养基在pH5.8、蔗糖含量50g·L^-1、接种量60-80g·L^-1FW时有利于细胞生长和黄酮合成,附加BA0.2mg·L^-1+NAA2mg·L^-1有利于黄酮合成,而附加BA0.5mg·L^-1+NAA3mg·L^-1则对生长有利。结论:培养条件的优化可有效提高雪莲悬浮细胞的生长和总黄酮的合成。     

全麻下改良额肌瓣悬吊术治疗儿童先天性重度上睑下垂临床观察

目的寻找一种治疗先天性重度上睑下垂的有效手术方法。方法总结94眼先天性重度上睑下垂行改良额肌瓣悬吊术。结果94眼中85眼满意(90%),94眼基本满意(100%)。结论该术式简单,效果好,是治疗先天性重度上睑下垂的首选方法。     

金丝桃提取物对应激动物模型的抗抑郁作用及其机理研究

[目的]探讨金丝桃提取物(EHP)的抗抑郁作用及其作用机制。[方法]选取了小鼠强迫游泳应激实验;小鼠尾悬吊应激实验;大鼠慢性应激抑郁模型脑内单胺类神经递质测定实验,研究EHP抗抑郁作用及其作用机制。[结果]EHP(320mg/kg、160mg/kg)能显著缩短强迫游泳小鼠及尾悬吊小鼠的不动时间(P<0.05);EHP(320mg/kg、160mg/kg)能显著提高慢性应激抑郁模型大鼠大脑内单胺类神经递质及其代谢物的含量(P<0.05).结论金丝桃提取物具有一定的抗抑郁作用,其抗抑郁作用可能与增加脑内单胺类神经递质的含量有关。     

埃他卡林对大鼠尾动脉平滑肌细胞［Ca2+］i， PKA和PKC活性的影响埃他卡林对大鼠尾动脉平滑肌细胞［Ca2+］i， PKA和PKC活性的影响

细胞内钙参与了对几乎所有类型细胞的各种生理活动的调节[1],并通过影响PKA和PKC等大分子蛋白,进一步调控细胞的分裂和增殖。以ATP敏感型钾通道(KATP)为靶点的钾通道开放剂(KCO)是一类新型的抗高血压药物[2,3]。KCO激活血管平滑肌KATP,间接抑制钙通道的开放,从而使[Ca2 ]i降低,     

Use of the tail moment of the lymphocytes to evaluate DNA damage in human biomonitoring studies.

The Comet assay has gained increasing popularity for use in human biomonitoring or epidemiologic studies; however, one of the shortcomings of the Comet assay is a lack of agreement on a single appropriate Comet parameter that is capable of adequately describing observed DNA damages. Among the tail parameters of Comet features, the most frequently used are the tail moments (both the Olive tail moment and the extent tail moment), the tail DNA, and the tail length. Some studies comparing Comet parameters have been found in cell toxicity research, but there are few comparative studies that use human biomonitoring or epidemiologic data. In this study, we evaluate those four tail parameters in both high and low DNA damaged cells with the use of epidemiologic data. To do this, a new graphical approach, the so-called quantile dispersion graphs (QDGs) are used. In a comparison of an exposed group and a control group, either the tail moment or tail DNA is preferable to the tail length. With respect to providing smaller variability in quantiles for the amount of DNA damage, however, the tail moment is the preferred parameter for both groups. Moreover, the tail moment provides the most stable estimates for DNA damage because it has a larger degree of uniformity in quantile dispersions. To study high degrees of damage from toxic exposure using B cells or G cells, however, the tail DNA showed more significant discrepancies than the other parameters, in terms of both the mean differences and the graphical differences between the two groups. In view of this result, it is suggested that both the tail moment and the tail DNA be presented as tail parameters in human biomonitoring studies.     

Sedimentation and resuspendability evaluation of pharmaceutical suspensions by low-field one dimensional pulsed field gradient NMR profilometry

In order to study the sedimentation of pharmaceutical suspensions using low-field one dimensional pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (1D pfg NMR) profilometry, the accuracy of signal acquisition as well as the spatial resolution of a commercial spectrometer operating at 23.4?MHz was investigated. The use of a solid Teflon spacer revealed that the accuracy of signal acquisition was independent of spatial position (height). The standard deviation of distance determinations was less than 150 µm, whereas the accuracy of water content determination was within 2% in the central part of the detection zone and deteriorated to 4% in the outer parts. The study of aqueous paramagnetic MnCl₂ solutions indicated an exponential relationship between the relative signal intensity and the transverse relaxation decay constant. From this relationship, the relative water content of suspensions could be derived from their signal intensity relative to that of water. Using concentrated paliperidone palmitate dispersions as model suspensions, low-field 1D pfg NMR profilometry has been proven to be suitable for the evaluation of both the sedimentation and resuspendability behavior of viscous, opaque suspensions, for which visual detection of homogeneity may be difficult.     

Development of a predictive in vitro dissolution for clarithromycin granular suspension based on in vitro-in vivo correlations

The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro behavior of different clarithromycin granular suspensions based on a developed in vitro-in vivo correlation model, using one reference and two test formulations. In vitro release rate data were obtained for each product using the USP apparatus II, operated at 50?rpm under different pH conditions. The dissolution efficiency was used to analyze the dissolution data. In vivo study was performed on six healthy male volunteers under fasting condition. Correlation was made between in vitro release and in vivo absorption. A linear model was developed using percent absorbed data versus percent dissolved data from the three products. Dissolution condition of 0.1N HCl for 1?h and then phosphate buffer at pH 6.8 was found to be the most discriminating dissolution method. Rate of absorption for the reference as estimated by Wagner-Nelson deconvolution was correlated with in vitro release with a correlation coefficient of 0.99. The in vivo results for the two test products were compared to the predicted values using the reference model with a correlation coefficient of 0.94. Furthermore, multiple level C correlations were obtained for some pharmacokinetic parameters with the corresponding in vitro kinetic parameters with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.90. Moreover, the interpretation of the in vitro and in vivo data with reference to formulations was discussed.     

Observation of the morphology and calcium content of vestibular otoconia in rats after simulated weightlessness

Conclusions

Reduction in bone formation may have been the main reason for the lower calcium content of the otoconia after simulated weightlessness in rats. The head-ward distribution of blood volume may explain the morphological changes observed in the middle and inner ears.

Objective

To observe morphological changes in the vestibular organs and measure the calcium content of otoconia in rats after simulated weightlessness.

Material and methods

We used a tail suspension model of simulated weightlessness and then investigated changes in the vestibular organs using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray microanalysis.

Results

In comparison to untreated rats, the vestibular otoconia of the rats subjected to simulated weightlessness were small, irregularly shaped or fissured, and were arranged loosely and out of order. In addition, the calcium content of the otoconia was markedly decreased.