北海市医疗卫生机构消毒质量动态分析

本文对广西北海市医疗卫生机构1995～1999年消毒监测资料进行了系统的统计分析。结果表明:①5年间北海市医疗卫生机构的消毒总合格率为81.05％;②市直医疗卫生机构的消毒合格率明显高于个体诊所等其它类别医疗机构的。本文还就如何加强对医疗卫生机构的消毒监测管理工作提出了合理性的建议。     

Antipoliomyelitis immunity status in a cohort of young men drafted into military service, residing in the suburban Milan area

The serum -tocopherol levels were determined in a group of 182 patients with hematological neoplasms: 87 lymphoid or myeloid leukemias, 65 lymphomas and 30 myelomas. The levels did not differ from those of controls, when compared either globally or for diagnosis. Low -tocopherol serum levels were observed in 6 patients (3.3%).     

The inflammatory lesion of T cell line transferred experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis of the Lewis rat: distinct nature of parenchymal and perivascular infiltrates

We have investigated the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire in the inflammatory infiltrates of T line-transferred experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) of the Lewis rats. Using a panel of TCR V-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and immunocytochemistry, we studied the nature of the T cells entering the central nervous system (CNS) after transfer of either myelin basic protein (MBP)-reactive, or MBP-reactive but non-encephalitogenic T cell lines. All the MBP-specific T cell lines predominantely used the V8.2 TCR chain. T cell lines specific for the tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD), using TCR V genes different from V8.2, served as controls. We first studied the time course of T cells entering the CNS. In all recipient rats, small, but significant numbers of -TCR-expressing infiltrate cells appeared in the CNS within the first 24 h after T cell transfer. In animals injected with either type of MBP-reactive T cells, the early infiltrate cells were preferentially located within the parenchyma of the spinal cord, while in PPD T lineinjected rats, the lymphocytes were mostly found in the meninges. TCR V gene usage was examined on the peak of clinical disease. Six days after T cell transfer, the TCR repertoire used by infiltrating lymphocytes in general seemed to be highly diverse. None of the V isotypes examined (i.e. V8.2, V8.5 or V10) was used by a major population of the -TCR-positive T cells. A more detailed, quantitative analysis of individual infiltrate compartments revealed, however, a preferential accumulation of V8.2-positive T cells within the parenchyma. In contrast, perivascular infiltrating cells used V genes randomly. Our results confirm first that activated T lymphocytes enter the brain rapidly irrespective of their antigen specificity. Second, the data show that most of the perivascular infiltrate T cells in the acute EAE lesion are host-derived, recruited presumably from the recirculating T cell pool, while the encephalitogenic, V8.2-positive T cells preferentially persist within the parenchyma.Abbreviations EAE experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis - MBP myelin basic protein - TCL T cell line Supported by the Brazilian Research Council (CNPq)     

1993年汕头口岸入出境人员HBV感染情况分析

本文作者对汕头卫生检疫局1993年从19129名入出境人员疾病监测体检中发现的1809名HBsAg阳性者进行HBV标志物(抗-HBs、HBeAg、抗-HBe、抗-HBc)测定结果的分析,提出今后继续加强开展乙型肝炎“二对半”检测,做好乙型肝炎预防工作的意见。     

福建省鼠伤寒沙门氏菌病原学特征变迁趋势

目的：了解福建省鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的病原学特征变迁情况。方法：采用噬菌体分型、质粒谱分析及耐药性测定的方法,对福建省１９８０～１９９５年１５年鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的病原学特征进行动态监测。结果：福建省鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的噬菌体流行型别存在明显的变迁与更迭;质粒谱型有逐渐增多且分散趋势;菌株耐药率逐年大幅度上升,耐药谱逐年迅速增宽,多重耐药菌株逐年急剧增多,耐药现象日趋严重。结论：噬菌体分型、质粒谱分析及耐药性测定是监测福建省鼠伤寒沙门氏菌病原学特征变迁趋势的有效方法。     

江苏省HIV监测分析

江苏省自 １９８６年开始ＨＩＶ监测工作以来,截止 １９９９年９月底,共监测各类人群４５５ ７３２人次,报告发现ＨＩＶ感染者６８人（含１例ＡＩＤＳ病人）。监测结果显示：江苏省尽管仍维持着较低的ＨＩＶ流行率,但近年已出现了明显的快速增长,感染方式也趋多样。     

Detection and Significance of Occult Axillary Metastatic Disease in Breast Cancer Patients

▪ Abstract: After clinical staging, the single most important prognostic factor for patients with newly diagnosed primary breast cancer is the presence or absence of detectable metastases to axillary lymph nodes when examined by conventional light microscopy. More sensitive methods of determination of lymph node status, such as evaluation of serial sections, immunohistochemical staining, and use of molecular biological assays increase the rate of detection of micrometastases. Although the feasibility of enhanced detection of occult axillary metastatic disease is well established, the prognostic significance of such detection is only recently starting to emerge. Furthermore, the enormous recent interest in the application of sentinel lymph node biopsy as an alternative to the evaluation of the entire axilla in patients with breast cancer makes the first-time detailed evaluation for micrometastases practically feasible. In this review the different methods of detecting micrometastatic disease in the axilla and the significance of such findings are discussed. ▪     

Interactive risk factors for treatment adherence in a chronic psychotic disorders population

This study identified the unique and primary contributions of several concurrent risk factors for poor adherence to treatment recommendations in a clinic population of individuals with chronic psychotic disorders, i.e. 48% had DSM-IV diagnoses of schizoaffective disorder, 38% had schizophrenia, paranoid type, 12% had schizophrenia, undifferentiated type, and 2% had affective disorder with psychotic features. The target cohort consisted of 87 consecutive admissions to a continuing day treatment program. As part of a services-oriented quality assurance program, clinical staff completed rating scales for all patients. These included the BASIS-32 rating scale, which consisted of the following five subscales: psychosis; depression/anxiety; impulsive/addictive behavior; relation to self and others; and daily living and role functioning, and the Working Alliance Inventory-short form (therapist version), which consisted of the following three subscales: goal; task; and bond. These data were used to identify risk factors that weaken a patient's adherence to medication and non-medication treatment during the first 2 weeks of treatment in the clinic. Medication treatment consisted of both typical and atypical neuroleptic medications, with most patients being on multiple medications. Correlational analyses suggested that many of the risk factor variables were significantly associated with poor treatment adherence. Regression analyses suggested that the degree of psychoticism was most strongly associated with poor adherence to medication treatment and that difficulties relating to self and others were the strongest predictor of poor adherence to non-medication treatment. A large-sample services research design such as this can begin to determine patterns of associations between previous identified risk factors and poor treatment adherence in individuals with chronic psychotic disorders.