大鼠消化道神经激肽A的发育研究

应用免疫细胞化学ＰＡＰ法系统研究了大鼠胚胎１３天至成年食道及胃神经激肽Ａ发生发育过程。结果如下：（１）在食道，直至出生前，即胚胎２１天才于环肌层及粘膜肌层出现阳性膨体纤维，出生后，随幼鼠的生长发育相继在上皮内、纵肌层、肌间丛、粘膜下丛出现神经激肽Ａ免疫反应阳性物，其纤维的密度、粗细和着色也逐渐增加，３０天时已具备成年的分布特征，其发育主要在生后４周；（２）在胃，于胚胎１４天，首先在肌间丛处呈现阳性     

Differential expression of pepsinogen isozymogens in a patient with Barrett esophagus

The pepsinogen A (PGA) isozymogens in the gastric mucosa and Barrett epithelium of a female patient with Barrett esophagus were studied on different occasions during a 3-year period by electrophoretic analysis of in vivo steady-state pepsinogen in biopsies by activity staining in combination with variant specific monoclonal antibodies and of de novo synthesized pepsinogen by autoradiography. In Barrett epithelium only one (Pg3) or two (Pg3 and Pg5) primary PGA gene products were detected, whereas in gastric mucosal biopsies three (Pg3, Pg4 and Pg5) primary gene products were demonstrated on all occasions. These differences strongly suggest differential expression/activation of individual gene numbers in the PGA gene cluster in Barrett esophagus and are in line with the preneoplastic nature of this condition. The mechanism behind this deregulation is currently under investigation by cell biology and molecular genetic techniques.     

Alteration of E-cadherin-mediated adhesion protein is common,but microsatellite instability is uncommon in young age gastric cancers

AIMS: Gastric adenocarcinoma in young patients has been considered to differ in many ways from gastric carcinoma in older patients. This study was designed to determine the clinicopathological features and molecular mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS: Based on 4123 patients of gastric cancer in Seoul National University Hospital, 135 patients (3.3%) were chosen by the age of 30 years or younger. Expression of E-cadherin, beta-catenin, p53 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was analysed using the tissue array method in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens and microsatellite instability (MSI) was determined. As a control, 320 cases of older patients were compared. Gastric adenocarcinoma of young patients revealed significant female predominance, type IV gross type, proximal location, diffuse type and frequent lymph node metastasis. In-situ hybridization for EBV showed higher positivity in young patients (9/78, 11.5%) than in older ones, but not statistically significant. In EBV+ cases, p53 over-expression was significantly higher in young patients than older patients (P < 0.05). Alteration of E-cadherin or beta-catenin was significantly higher in younger patients than in older patients (P < 0.05). Overall survival was significantly poorer in younger patients than older ones. The frequency of MSI was rare (1.3%, P < 0.05) in young patients compared with older patients (9.3%). CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that gastric adenocarcinoma of young patients has a poor prognosis, possesses aggressive histopathological features, exhibits reduced expression of E-cadherin and beta-catenin, and demonstrates lower MSI than tumours in older patients.     

三磷酸腺苷对人胃癌细胞系MGC－803影响的电镜观察

用透射电镜和扫描电镜方法观察了三磷酸腺苷（ＡＴＰ）对人胃癌细胞系ＭＧＣ－８０３的影响，结果表明，ＡＴＰ能使ＭＧＣ－８０３细胞的核仁由网状向环状改变，微丝的组装得到改善，细胞表面微绒毛减少。提示ＭＧＣ－８０３细胞的恶性表型在ＡＴＰ作用下可向正常方向逆转。     

A classification of gastric dysplasia

Epithelial dysplasia was studied in 53 surgical specimens of gastric carcinoma and eight gastric adenomas. A spectrum of dysplasia was observed, but there were two principal types. Type I resembled the epithelium lining colonic adenomas whereas type II was composed of eosinophilic cells with basally sited vesicular nuclei. These findings are compared with reports on heterogeneity within both gastric dysplasia and dysplasia in other areas of the gastrointestinal tract. A link is demonstrated between incomplete intestinal metaplasia, type II dysplasia and the more poorly differentiated cancers of intestinal type.     

胃粘膜相关淋巴组织型淋巴瘤形态学研究

目的：研究胃粘膜相关淋巴细胞（ＭＡＬＴ）型淋巴瘤及共与胃粘膜套细胞淋巴瘤和滤泡性淋巴瘤的鉴别诊断。方法：应用ＨＥ染色和免疫组化ＡＢＣ法检测胃ＭＡＬＴ型淋巴瘤，内镜作幽门螺杆菌培养基尿素试验检测ＨＰ感染。结果：３１例胃ＭＡＬＴ型淋巴瘤中低度恶性２７例，高度恶性４例。细胞类型以ＣＣＬ型最常见。免疫表型以ＩｇＭ为主，缺乏ＩｇＤ，３１例中２８例有ＨＰ感染（占９０．５２％），结论：（１）低恶ＭＡＬＴ型淋巴瘤     

消化道肿瘤自身抗体检测

目的探讨消化道肿瘤患者针对肿瘤细胞的自身抗体的存在。方法收集肠癌患者及胃癌患者术前血清96份和健康体检人群血清62份，分组后采用Western印迹分析法定性检测消化道肿瘤患者术前血清中的自身抗体。结果正常健康人群和正常肝细胞株96％（212／220）的反应条无显色带，而97％（60／62）的肠癌患者肠癌细胞株、89％（39／44）的胃癌患者胃癌细胞株反应条均出现多个阳性带。结论健康人群体内很少产生针对肿瘤细胞的自身抗体，而大部分消化道肿瘤患者体内产生针对肿瘤相关抗原的自身抗体，这为消化道肿瘤的病因，早期诊断，预后监测及分子靶向治疗等研究提供了一个很好的线索。     

疏肝和胃降逆汤联合雷贝拉唑治疗肝胃不和证反流性食管炎患者的疗效

目的：探究疏肝和胃降逆汤加减联合雷贝拉唑治疗肝胃不和证反流性食管炎（RE）患者的临床疗效。方法：选取莆田市涵江区中医院2021年2月至2022年2月期间收治的100例肝胃不和证RE患者,随机分为对照组与观察组,各50例。对照组患者采用雷贝拉唑、莫沙必利治疗,观察组患者采用疏肝和胃降逆汤加减联合雷贝拉唑治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效、中医证候积分、血清相关指标及6个月复发率。结果：观察组患者治疗总有效率为94.00%,高于对照组的76.00%,差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）。治疗后观察组患者各项中医证候积分低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）。治疗后观察组患者血清胃动素（MTL）、胃泌素（GAS）水平高于对照组,生长抑素（SS）水平低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）。治疗后观察组患者血清白细胞介素–1β(IL–1β)、IL–2、瘦素（Leptin）、降钙素基因相关肽（CGRP）水平低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）。随访6个月,观察组失访4例,对照组失访3例。观察组患者6个月复发率为2.13%,低于对照组的18.42%,...