再定位垫治疗颞下颌关节盘可复性移位伴间断性 锁结患者的临床观察

目的 观察再定位垫治疗颞下颌关节盘可复性移位伴间断锁结患者的临床疗效。方法 选取2017年12月至2018年6月大连市口腔医院颞下颌关节门诊接诊的34例患者（男9例,女25例,平均年龄31岁）,经MRI确诊为颞下颌关节盘可复性移位伴间断性锁结,采用再定位垫治疗,治疗期限为6个月,治疗后1个月和3个月进行随访,比较戴用再定位垫3个月、6个月,取下垫后1个月和3个月复查时的关节弹响,疼痛程度、颞下颌关节功能障碍指数和紊乱指数。结果 治疗结束时,34例患者中32例（94.12%）弹响完全消失,1个月复查时,弹响消失患者占88.24%,3个月复查时,弹响消失患者占76.46%;治疗开始后3个月患者疼痛主诉与治疗前相比有明显下降;颞下颌关节功能障碍指数、肌肉压痛指数和颞下颌关节功能紊乱指数均有显著下降。结论 再定位垫治疗关节盘移位伴间断性锁结,在短期内可有效消除关节弹响,缓解疼痛症状,解除功能障碍,利于关节盘获得良好的盘突关节。     

Temporomandibular joint fibrocartilage degeneration from unilateral dental splints

Objective

The objective of this study was to determine the extent to which altered loading in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), as might be associated with a malocclusion, drives degeneration of articulating surfaces in the TMJ. We therefore sought to quantify the effects of altered joint loading on the mechanical properties and biochemical content and distribution of TMJ fibrocartilage in the rabbit.

Design

Altered TMJ loading was induced with a 1 mm splint placed unilaterally over the maxillary and mandibular molars for 6 weeks. At that time, TMJ fibrocartilage was assessed by compression testing, biochemical content (collagen, glycosaminoglycan (GAG), DNA) and distribution (histology), for both the TMJ disc and the condylar fibrocartilage.

Results

There were no changes in the TMJ disc for any of the parameters tested. The condylar fibrocartilage from the splinted animals was significantly stiffer and the DNA content was significantly lower than that in control animals. There was significant remodeling in the condylar fibrocartilage layers as manifested by a change in GAG and collagen II distribution and a loss of defined cell layers.

Conclusions

A connection between the compressive properties of TMJ condylar fibrocartilage after 6 weeks of splinting and the changes in histology was observed. These results suggest a change in joint loading leads to condylar damage, which may contribute to pain associated with at least some forms of TMJ disease.     

Temporomandibular disorders with skeletal open bite treated with stabilization splint and zygomatic miniplate anchorage: A case report

This case report describes the treatment of a patient with temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and skeletal open bite. First, the patient was treated with a stabilization splint to stabilize the condyles in centric relation and to alleviate TMD signs and symptoms. After making a definitive diagnosis from postsplint records, orthodontic treatment was initiated. Titanium miniplates were placed at bilateral zygomatic buttresses and used as orthodontic anchorage for molar intrusion and distalization. The treatment was completed after 30 months. Satisfactory appearance and function were achieved for this patient.     

Patient's experience of treatment for sleep apnoea with a mandibular advancement splint

Background and aimsObstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a well recognised clinical disorder in which there is narrowing and repeated collapse of the upper airway during sleep resulting in the cessation of breathing. Patients with mild to moderate sleep apnoea are often provided with mandibular advancement splint (MAS) therapy as a form of first line or definitive treatment. The aims of this audit were to evaluate patient satisfaction and success of MAS therapy.Methods93 patients diagnosed with sleep apnoea and suitable for a splint were recruited prospectively at Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead between January 2009 and October 2010. A patient satisfaction questionnaire was developed by health professionals involved in the care of patients with sleep apnoea and assessed for face and content validity and reliability. Participants completed the questionnaire six weeks after the splint was fitted.Results44% who previously experienced snoring now reported no snoring and 47% reported less snoring since wearing the MAS appliance. 69% reported complete resolution of sleep apnoea symptoms. 37% experienced aching teeth and 33% experienced having a dry throat when wearing the appliance. 86% of sleeping partners felt that their quality of sleep was improved following their partners treatment.ConclusionsThe standards set for each criteria in this audit were met. MAS treatment has a key role to play in the management of obstructive sleep apnoea with high rates of patient satisfaction and the majority of patients partners reporting a significant improvement in their own and their partners sleep quality.     

Efficacy of stabilisation splint therapy combined with non‐splint multimodal therapy for treating RDC/TMD axis I patients: a randomised controlled trial

Stabilisation splint therapy has long been thought to be effective for the management of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). However, the superiority of stabilisation splint therapy compared to other TMD treatments remains controversial. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of stabilisation splint therapy combined with non‐splint multimodal therapy for TMD. A total of 181 TMD participants were randomly allocated to a non‐splint multimodal therapy (NS) group (n = 85) or a non‐splint multimodal therapy plus stabilisation splint (NS+S) group (n = 96). Non‐splint multimodal therapy included self‐exercise of the jaw, cognitive–behavioural therapy, self‐management education and additional jaw manipulation. Three outcome measurements were used to assess treatment efficacy: mouth‐opening limitation, oro‐facial pain and temporomandibular joint sounds. A two‐factor repeated‐measures analysis of variance (anova ) was used to evaluate the efficacy of the two treatment modalities (NS vs. NS+S), and Scheffe's multiple comparison test was used to compare the treatment periods. Subgroup analyses were performed to disclose the splint effects for each TMD diagnostic group. All three parameters significantly decreased over time in both groups. However, there were no significant differences between the two treatment groups in the total comparison or subgroup analyses; an exception was the group with degenerative joint disease. No significant difference between the NS and NS+S treatment approaches was revealed in this study. Therefore, we conclude that the additional effects of stabilisation splint are not supported for patients with TMD during the application of multimodal therapy.     

不同外固定方法治疗老年粉碎性Colles骨折的疗效对比

目的：对比分析不同外固定方法治疗老年粉碎性Colles骨折的疗效,以制定最佳的治疗方案。方法选取我院2011－03～2013－09间收治的老年粉碎性Colles骨折患者90例为研究对象,随机分为夹板组与石膏组,每组各45例。夹板组采用小夹板由布带进行捆扎固定,石膏组患者采用管型石膏于腕关节功能位固定,随访观察6个月。结果夹板组患者临床治疗优良率（77.8％）高于石膏组患者（57.8％）,桡骨缩短长度明显少于石膏组患者,掌倾角、尺偏角丢失恢复情况优于石膏组患者,经统计学检验,差异均具有统计学意义（ P＜0.05）。结论采用小夹板外固定治疗老年粉碎性Colles骨折患者较管形石膏外固定,有着更高的临床治疗优良率,腕关节功能恢复更佳,并发症少,具有更高的临床应用价值。     

牙周牙髓联合病变的综合治疗效果观察

目的研究牙周牙髓综合治疗对下前牙牙周牙髓联合病变的疗效,以期为临床治疗提供依据。 方法收集2017年1月至2018年2月至广州市海珠区口腔医院就诊的31例下颌重度牙周炎伴牙髓病变前牙,给予牙周治疗（龈上洁治、龈下刮治及根面平整术）,根管治疗和松牙固定的综合治疗。记录患者基线、治疗后3个月、6个月、12个月的牙石指数（CI）、龈沟出血指数（SBI）、探诊深度（PD）、附着水平（AL）值,采用单因素重复测量资料方差分析统计数据（检验水准α = 0.05）,比较患牙治疗前、后差异,评价临床疗效。 结果31例患牙中,牙周牙髓联合治疗有效率为96.8%。患牙在术后3、6、12个月较基线相比,其CI、SBI、PD、AL值均显著下降,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.001）。术后6个月与3个月相比,PD、AL值继续下降,差异有统计学意义（F_PD = 112.51,P_PD<0.001;F_AL = 117.64,P_AL<0.001）;术后12个月较6个月仍持续降低,但差异无统计学意义（F_PD = 0.04,P_PD = 0.815;F_AL = 0.09,P_AL = 0.786）。 结论对于下前牙牙周牙髓联合病变,综合治疗效果显著。     

开张式双殆垫与塑料殆垫治疗磨牙症的对比研究

目的：比较开张式双胎垫在治疗磨牙症中与塑料殆垫的临床疗效。方法：分别用自制的开张式双殆垫与塑料殆垫对48例磨牙症患者进行治疗,随访9个月。统计治疗结束1个月和9个月时的停止磨牙病例和平均减少的磨牙时间。结果：戴用1个月停止磨牙病例数比为6：12,戴用9个月时停止磨牙病例数比为10：21。其差异具有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论：开张式双殆垫治疗磨牙症优于塑料殆垫。