凋亡相关基因pnas-2的表达谱分析

为了确定凋亡相关基因pnas-2在正常组织及急性白血病患者组织中的表达谱，应用Northernblot检测了pnas-2在心脏、脑、胎盘、肺、肝脏、骨骼肌、肾脏、胰腺、脾脏、淋巴结、胸腺、白细胞、骨髓和胎肝等组织中的表达，应用实时PCR（real—timePCR）和Northernblot检测了该基因在急性白血病44份初发、9份未缓解、27份缓解、12份复发样本中的表达，并检测了pnas-2在31例恶性肿瘤患者癌组织及正常组织中的表达。结果表明，pnas-2基因除了在胎盘中表达外，在其他检测的组织中均无表达。pnas-2基因在初发，未CR和复发急性白血病患者中的表达显著高于CR和癌肿患者的癌组织及正常组织中的表达。在7例急性白血病患者的自身前后对照中，pnas-2的表达变化与病程演变有关，即初发时高表达，未CR时无明显改变，但在CR时显著下降，复发时表达又上升。结论：pnas-2的高表达在急性白血病中是特异的，可能是一种癌基因，并很可能参与了白血病的发病。     

Interaction of Angiogenic and Immune Mechanisms in the Eye

Although a critical physiologic process, angiogenesis also contributes to the pathology associated with a variety of ocular diseases. Here we describe immune factors that regulate angiogenesis and review recent attempts to exploit these factors in animal models of ocular disease.     

Dual fluorescent protein-based bioassay system for the detection of genotoxic chemical substances in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Abstract

A new reporter system has been developed for quantifying the activity of potentially DNA-damaging substances in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The system relies on two different reporter genes, yEGFP and DsRed-Express2, to screen for DNA-damaging chemicals. The yEGFP gene is fused to the test promoter of RNR2, whose measurable signal has a dose-dependent relationship with DNA damage. The gene encoding DsRed-Express2 is fused to a constitutive promoter of GPD, providing an internal control for normalizing cell numbers in the assay. The dual fluorescent protein assay system is performed by sequentially measuring the yEGFP and DsRed-Express2 fluorescent intensity of the same sample, with the results expressed as the ratio of yEGFP to DsRed-Express2 intensity (yEGFP/DsRed-Express2). The yeast fluorescent protein reporter assay was performed in 96-well microtiter plates in the presence of different concentrations of test substances, which were then characterized. The assay was very efficient, high-throughput, and amenable to full automation. Here, we demonstrate that this system can be used as a biosensor to assess the genotoxic potential of drugs and other chemical substances.     

Editorial

Discourses are conceptualised as context-specific frameworks that constrain what can be presented as rational when considering psychoactive substances. Given the implications of this for Australian policy debate and development, research and health promotion, an integrative analysis explored the nature of the dominant discourses as they pertain to substance use. Newspaper articles spanning a 12-month period (April 2005–2006) were analysed with the analysis triangulated with visual media and newspapers from 5-years prior. We conclude that within Australia, psychoactive substance use is framed within the dominant discourses of medicine, morality, law, economics, politics and popular culture. The linguistic landscape circumscribed by each discourse is described and the power dynamics underpinning the maintenance of the discourses considered, with each discursive framework shown to delineate unique subject positions that define the numerous individuals concerned with substance use issues (e.g. substance users, politicians, medical experts, etc.).     

High contrast and low contrast visual acuity in age related macular degeneration*

Low contrast Bailey-Lovie visual acuity (LCBL) and high contrast Bailey-Lovie visual acuity (HCBL) were measured in subjects with age-related macular degeneration (ARM) and subjects with normal visual function. Low and high contrast visual acuities and the difference between low and high contrast acuities were significantly different for the ARM group compared with the normals, confirming previous findings of disruption to contrast discrimination in ARM. The high contrast Bailey-Lovie chart was found to be a useful screening device for macular degeneration using a pass/fail criterion of 6/7.5. Pre-ARM (PARM) subjects can be defined as those with drusen and/or pigmentary disturbance and high contrast acuity of better than 6/7.5. However, the low contrast chart used at normal clinical illuminances is of no additional diagnostic value in ARM.     

性别因素对老年期神经系统变性过程的影响

目的：研究探讨正常人进入老年期后，性别和年龄对事件相关电位的交互作用影响是否仍然持续。方法：应用神经心理学测试和MRI检查筛选日本冲绳县年龄在60岁以上的正常老年人40名。其中男性17名，平均年龄是72．2±8．6岁；女性23名，平均年龄是75．7±8．2岁。应用听觉“oddball”范式诱发事件相关电位P300。分析Fz和Pz部位记录到的事件相关电位内源性成分P300和N2b。结果：P300潜伏期、P300波幅和N2b潜伏期的组间差异不显著。于Fz部位，男性组的N2b波幅低于女性组（F=4．59，P=0．039）。P300潜伏期和P300波幅与年龄的相关性，仅见于男性组（Fz-P300潜伏期：r=0．584，P=0．014；Fz-P300波幅：r=-0．782，P〈0．001；Pz—P300潜伏期：r=0．587，P=0．013；Pz—P300波幅：r=-0．657，P=0．004）。P300潜伏期和P300波幅对年龄的线性回归坡度，在两组闾均有显著性差异，在男性组更为陡峭（Fz—P300潜伏期：t=2．11，P=0．042；Fz-P300波幅：t=2．55，P=0．015；Pz-P300潜伏期：t：2．70，P=0．011：Pz-P300波幅：t=3．00，P=0．005）。结论：性别因素对老年期神经系统变性过程有显著影响。     

Protective effects of Terminalia arjuna against Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity

Terminalia arjuna has been marked as a potential cardioprotective agent since vedic period. The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of butanolic fraction of Terminalia arjuna bark (TA-05) on Doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiotoxicity. Male wistar rats were used as in vivo model for the study. TA-05 was administered orally to Wistar rats at different doses (0.42 mg/kg, 0.85 mg/kg, 1.7 mg/kg, 3.4 mg/kg and 6.8 mg/kg) for 6 days/week for 4 weeks. Thereafter, all the animals except saline and TA-05-treated controls were administered 20 mg/kg Dox intraperitonially. There was a significant decrease in myocardial superoxide dismutase (38.94%) and reduced glutathione (23.84%) in animals treated with Dox. Concurrently marked increase in serum creatine kinase-MB (CKMB) activity (48.11%) as well as increase in extent of lipid peroxidation (2.55-fold) was reported. Co-treatment of TA-05 and Dox resulted in an increase in the cardiac antioxidant enzymes, decrease in serum CKMB levels and reduction in lipid peroxidation as compared to Dox-treated animals. Electron microscopic studies in Dox-treated animals revealed mitochondrial swelling, Z-band disarray, focal dilatation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and lipid inclusions, whereas the concurrent administration of TA-05 led to a lesser degree of Dox-induced histological alterations. These findings suggest that butanolic fraction of Terminalia arjuna bark has protective effects against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity and may have potential as a cardioprotective agent.     

面孔识别的脑加工成分——N170的ERP研究

目的：研究面孔识别早期加工脑成分N170，考察其是否反映面孔加工的特异性，是否反映Bruce-Young面孔认知模型中结构编码及面孔加工是否具有右半球优势等问题。方法：16名被试者学习和再认面孔照片，记录其脑电。结果：仅半数被试者出现N170，认知任务显著影响N170波幅，结论：N170不能反映面孔的结构编码，是否反映面孔加工特异性还值得进一步研究，面孔识别加工时两半球的优势在加工速度与加工强度两个维度上各占优势，并非单纯的右脑优势。     

99Tcm-MIBI显像对肿瘤多药耐药检测的应用

MDR(多药耐药)是目前肿瘤化疗失败的主要原因,对MDR的检测可以帮助化疗决策的制定,从而使肿瘤患者得到更有效的治疗。99Tcm-MIBI(99Tcm-甲氧基异丁基异腈)是mdr1基因编码的P-gp(P-糖蛋白)和MRP(多药耐药相关蛋白)的转运底物,肿瘤细胞内99Tcm-MIBI摄取减低表明其P-gp的高表达,并与MRP的表达相关。因此,99Tcm-MIBI显像可在治疗前预测对化疗的反应,并为选择更有效的化疗策略提供依据。99m     

等概率听觉选择反应中非靶ERPs的N2效应

目的研究等概率听觉选择反应任务中非靶ERPs的N2效应是否存在及其特点。方法被试者为1 6名右利手健康男性青年 ( 2 3 .2± 2 .1岁 )。刺激为听觉输入的一位数字信号序列 ( 2～ 7) ,要求被试者对靶数字进行拨开关反应 ,对非靶数字不作反应。记录 9导脑电。结果 1 )非靶ERPs产生了明显的N2 80 (N2效应 ) ,额区最为突出 ;2 )非靶ERPs中P3的潜伏期明显长于、峰值显著小于靶ERPs,且头皮分布比靶ERPs(顶区优势 )更趋于中央脑区分布。结论听觉通道亦存在非靶N2效应 ,且不能简单理解为是对靶刺激反应的抑制 ,而更可能反映了工作记忆中模式的重调过程 ,而这一过程的完成可能比靶数字出现时的反应更为复杂 ,且主要发生在额区