Control of feeding and sexual behaviors by neuropeptide Y: physiological implications

Recent evidence suggests that a variety of hypothalamic neuropeptides may mediate interneuronal communication to coordinate diverse neuroendocrine and behavioral functions. In this work, we describe the effects of neuropeptide Y (NPY) on feeding and sexual behaviors. We observed that central administration of bolus NPY stimulated a robust, dose-related feeding response in satiated male and female rats. Continuous NPY receptor activation also evoked dose-related, intermittent feeding in a manner normally observed during nocturnal feeding. It appears that the paraventricular nucleus in the hypothalamus may be the primary site of NPY action because the anticipated reciprocal changes in NPY concentrations, in response to food deprivation followed by ad libitum food intake, occurred only in this site. Additional findings revealed that NPY-induced feeding may follow either substantial reduction or complete restraint of an inhibitory influence on feeding mediated by alpha 2-adrenoreceptor systems in satiated rats. Further, NPY was found to suppress male and female sexual behaviors. The suppressive effects on sexual behavior were apparent prior to or at the time of the onset of feeding after NPY administration. These observations may provide a neurochemical basis for clinical and animal studies on disorders of feeding associated with diminished reproductive functions.     

牙疾宁的药理学及毒理学研究

牙疾宁给小鼠口服０．２５ｇ·ｋｇ－１和０．１６ｇ·ｋｇ－１能减少醋酸所引起的扭体反应次数（Ｐ＜０．０１）。牙疾宁小鼠耳朵外涂０．０３ｍｌ（浓度为１００ｇ·Ｌ－１）能抑制二甲苯引起的水肿（Ｐ＜０．０１），其对金黄色葡萄球菌、白色葡萄球菌和绿脓杆菌的最小抑菌浓度为１．２５ｇ·Ｌ－１，对溶血性链球菌和白色念珠菌的最小抑菌浓度为２．５ｇ·Ｌ－１．牙疾宁小鼠口服ＬＤ５０为１１２９ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１。     

青天葵抗甲、乙型流感病毒作用研究

目的研究青天葵在体外抗甲、乙型流感病毒株作用。方法选用狗肾细胞培养法考察青天葵不同极性部位对甲型(FM1)、乙型(昆40B)流感病毒的作用。结果青天葵水溶性部位对甲型流感病毒FM1有抑制作用。结论青天葵具有体外抗甲型流感病毒作用。     

复合动作电位传播速度的逐次提取法

本文在复时谱（ｃｅｐｓｔｒｕｍ）分析的基础上，提出了复会动作电位传播速度的逐次提取法，指出了这个方法在实际应用中遇到的各种问题，采用指教加权和参考曲线成功地解决了这些问题。这一方法的特点是速度分辨率高，并且不要求测量点到刺激点有很大的距离。仿真实验和动物实验均表明，这一方法准确，简便，可靠。     

肌电图对腰神经后根节段定位作用的实验研究

目的:探讨应用肌电图行大鼠腰神经后根节段定位的方法。方法:通过电生理的方法,依次电刺激L3￣L5脊神经后根,分别记录大鼠双侧下肢主要肌肉的肌电图像,测量最早出现的感觉神经动作电位(SNAP)最大波幅值。结果:刺激L3脊神经后根,于股四头肌记录到的波幅峰值(480.8±255.9μV)显著高于其它各组肌肉(P<0.01)。刺激L4脊神经后根,于下肢四组肌肉记录到的CMAP最大波幅平均值均>100μV,其中在股四头肌(305.2±131.5μV)、胫骨前肌(340.2±310.4μV)记录到的波幅峰值显著高于在股二头肌(142.4±144.7μV)、腓肠肌(138.2±127.6μV)记录到的波幅峰值(P<0.01)。刺激L5脊神经后根,于股二头肌(377.5±264.4μV)、腓肠肌(168.4±126.7μV)记录到的波幅峰值显著高于其它各肌群记录到的波幅峰值(P<0.01)。结论:电刺激不同脊神经后根,在大鼠下肢不同肌肉记录到的SNAP的波幅峰值存在差异,综合分析记录到的SNAP的波幅峰值,可作为腰神经后根节段定位的参考。     

阿奇霉素治疗呼吸道感染的药理特性与临床分析

阿奇霉素是近年来开发的大环内酯类抗生素,本品是通过阻碍细菌转肽过程,抑制蛋白质合成达到抑菌作用。我院呼吸内科自2006年2月～8月收治35例肺部疾患患者,将阿奇霉素用于呼吸道感染取得满意疗效。本文将概述阿奇霉素的药理特性及报道治疗呼吸道感染的临床资料。     

香茶菜属植物的化学成分与药理作用研究进展

我们主要综述了国内近年来有关香茶菜属植物在化学成分、药理作用、临床应用方面的研究进 展,并且讨论了这一领域的研究方向。     

Radiofrequency Procedures

Abstract:   Radiofrequency is a minimally invasive, target-selective technique that has been in clinical use for more than 25 years and has demonstrated success at reducing pain in several chronic pain conditions, including trigeminal neuralgia, chronic low back pain, postherpetic neuralgia, and complex regional pain syndrome. However, the success of radiofrequency in chronic pain has not been adequately reproduced in good-quality, randomized controlled trials, and its use in the management of neuropathic pain is under some debate. In addition, conventional radiofrequency occasionally leads to worsening and even new onset of neuropathic pain. Nevertheless, clinical experience suggests that radiofrequency may be a useful tool in the overall management of refractory neuropathic pain. Pulsed radiofrequency in particular is a minimally destructive procedure that may offer new opportunities and a broader perspective for therapy with radiofrequency.     

维生素K4、维生素D2对绝经妇女骨折早期骨代谢的影响

为探讨不同剂量水平的维生素K4及维生素D对绝经妇女骨折早期骨代谢的影响。选择年龄60~84岁(72.17±1.216岁),绝经女性骨折病人35例,随机分为4组,分别给予不同剂量的维生素K4及维生素D口服,实验进行20天。通过观察患者服药前后血清钙、血清磷、血清碱性磷酸酶、血清凝血酶原时间及血清骨钙素值的变化,综合评价维生素K、维生素D对老年妇女骨折早期骨代谢的影响。结果显示,不同剂量水平维生素K4、维生素D对绝经妇女骨折早期骨代谢的影响不同,有统计学意义。维生素K4对骨代谢的影响作用超过维生素D,并随剂量水平不同而差异有显著性。但维生素K4、维生素D对骨代谢的影响无交互作用。表明维生素D、维生素K4能促进骨折早期骨代谢,对骨折愈合有一定促进作用,且维生素K的作用强于维生素D。     

单发室性早搏中RT间期规律的分析

目的探讨室性早搏前后RT间期变化的规律。方法选取单发、有完全代偿间期的室性早搏心电图,测量室早及其前后相邻波群(简称室早前、室早、室早后)的RT间期,进行对比。对室早前心室舒张时间与室早RT间期变化的关系进行分析。结果RT间期由短到长的顺序为:室早<室早前<室早后。室早前心室舒张时间与室早RT间期无线性相关关系。结论室早时RT间期最短,室早后RT间期最长,这一变化规律与心室舒张时间无关。