The Second Generation CA125 Assays

Optimal management of ovarian cancer patients can only be provided using the CA 125 serum test for treatment monitoring, early prediction of outcome and early detection of recurrence. The newly introduced second generation CA 125 assays, the Centocor CA 125 II IRMA, the Boehringer Mannheim Enzymun CA 125 II and the BYK Liamat CA 125 II are one-step heterologous double-determinant solid phase assays that utilize the M11 as capture antibody and the original OC 125 as tracer. The CA 125 II assays will probably replace the original CA 125 assays within a short period of time. For comparison reasons the Abbott IMx CA 125 assay was also included in this study.

Highly similar CA 125 distribution patterns were obtained with these new CA 125 II assays. Linear regression analysis in ovarian cancer patients showed the following: Centocor CA 125 II = 0.98×CA 125 IRMA+ 10.7 (r = 0.8717, P<0.0001), Sy|x = 89.9; Enzymun CA 125 II = 1.03×CA 125 IRMA + 9.0 (r=0.8988, P<0.0001), Sy|x = 81.8; BYK Liamat CA 125 II = 1.17×CA 125 IRMA + 0.6 (r = 0.8930, P<0.0001), Sy|x = 96.8. Our first technical and clinical evaluation of these three new CA 125 II assays shows their superior analytical performance, in addition to a high qualitative and quantitative correlation with the original CA 125 IRMA.     

腹腔镜手术治疗良性卵巢囊肿的疗效分析

目的分析良性卵巢囊肿在腹腔镜下手术治疗的疗效。方法回顾性分析2007年至2010年间我院收治的92例应用腹腔镜治疗的良性卵巢囊肿病例的临床资料并进行随访。结果 92例腹腔镜手术治疗均成功。其中,囊肿剥除术83例（90.2%）,卵巢-输卵管合并切除术9例（9.8%）。手术时间（40～200）min,平均时间95.3min。术中平均出血量25mL。术后禁食与拔除置留尿管时间平均6h,胃肠功能均于24h内恢复正常,排气平均0.8d,3～4.5d出院,恢复快,疼痛轻,所有患者均未出现严重并发症。结论腹腔镜下手术治疗卵巢良性囊肿有微创、恢复快、疼痛少等优点,可作为首选的手术治疗方法。     

The potential of ovarian tissue transplant to preserve fertility

Laboratory research on ovarian cryopreservation and transplantation began in the 1950s leading to clinical studies in the 2000s. The research that was performed during this half a century indicated that cryopreserved ovarian tissue has the potential to restore fertility in women who face premature ovarian failure due to chemotherapy, radiotherapy or surgery. Until today, ovarian function has been restored in at least four women. Even though no pregnancies have been reported to date from these clinical studies, animal studies indicate that this is a valid prospect for humans. Future clinical trials will determine in a larger number of patients the longevity of ovarian grafts, normalcy of hormone production and ovarian follicle development, possibility and safety of pregnancy and the safety of auto-transplantation in cancer patients. In addition, further basic research may be needed to develop better cryoprotectants and cryopreservation techniques. However, the major improvement in the efficiency of ovarian transplantation is anticipated to come from research exploring the revascularisation process.     

松果菊苷抑制卵巢癌SKOV3细胞的增殖、侵袭和干细胞样特性

目的 探讨松果菊苷对卵巢癌SKOV3细胞的作用。方法 选择不同浓度的松果菊苷处理卵巢癌SKOV3细胞,24 h后CCK8检测细胞存活率;选择不同浓度松果菊苷浓度(0,20,40,80μmol·L^-1)进行后续实验,EdU染色检测细胞增殖;Transwell检测细胞侵袭;免疫印迹法检测VEGF、E-cadherin、Vimentin的表达及p38 MAPK的磷酸化;显微观察细胞肿瘤球形态;流式细胞仪检测CD133和CD44的含量。结果 SKOV3细胞的存活率与松果菊苷呈浓度依赖性降低,松果菊苷浓度≥40μmol·L^-1时,SKOV3细胞的存活率较松果菊苷0μmol·L^-1时均明显降低(P<0.05)。与松果菊苷0μmol·L^-1组比较,松果菊苷40μmol·L^-1组和80μmol·L^-1组EdU阳性细胞数和侵袭细胞数均减少(P<0.05);VEGF和Vimentin蛋白表达水平及p38 MAPK磷酸化水平均降低(P<0.05);E-cadherin蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.05);肿瘤干细胞成球直径减小(P<0.05),成球数减少(P<0.05);CD133和CD44表达均降低(P<0.05)。结论 松果菊苷可以抑制卵巢癌SKOV3细胞的增殖、侵袭、干细胞样特性及p38 MAPK的磷酸化。     

激素治疗对绝经后妇女子宫卵巢的影响分析

目的：观察激素治疗对绝经后妇女子宫卵巢的影响。方法：32例绝经后妇女应用小剂量激素替代治疗作为观察组，同时选择32例未应用激素治疗妇女作为对照组，年龄无差异，应用经阴道超声观察子宫卵巢形态结构特征。结果：观察组的子宫体积、内膜厚度均大于对照组（P〈0．05）。观察组的双侧卵巢面积均大于对照组（P〈0．05）。结论：小剂量激素治疗能够延缓绝经后妇女子宫卵巢的萎缩进程，在应用激素治疗过程中，运用超声检查监测子宫卵巢的变化具有重要意义。     

Le kyste hydatique du cœur. Quelle modalité d’imagerie pour un diagnostic précis ?

Cardiac echinococcosis is rare. Its spontaneous course is serious because of the risk of rupture. Its clinical manifestations are variable, often latent and misleading. The diagnosis is sometimes referred to by chest radiography. It is much facilitated by non-invasive imaging techniques in particular transesophageal and transthoracic echocardiography, CT scan and magnetic resonance imaging. The latter through a morphological and topographical analysis accurate diagnosis of hydatid cyst and its relationship to cardiac muscle and surrounding tissue. Through functional analysis in cine cyst movements relative to the heart wall, it confirms its free or fixed character in the heart chambers, determines its insertion area, its deformability, the risk of rupture and its impact on myocardial contraction. Our case illustrates the relative contribution of these different imaging techniques and their respective contributions to the identification of hydatid cyst of its wall, its contents, its relationship with the various tunics and heart chambers and its relations with the lungs and mediastinum.     

Inspiratory stridor and dysphagia in two newborn infants caused by ectopic thymus tissue

We report two cases of ectopic cervical thymus, a solid thymic lesion, and a thymus cyst causing inspiratory stridor and mild dysphagia in the neonatal period. Because of the rarity of thymic dystopia, the two masses were initially misdiagnosed as more common entities, namely, lymph node enlargement and lymphangioma, respectively. The correct diagnosis was made only after surgical excision and histopathological examination. This case report is completed by a short review of embryogenic development, diagnostic procedures with differential diagnoses, and therapeutic outcome of ectopic thymus.     

Giant proliferating trichilemmal cyst arising from a nevus sebaceus growing for 30 years

Nevus sebaceus of Jadassohn, a congenital cutaneous hamartoma, has the potential to develop into various epidermal adnexal‐origin neoplasms. While the most common neoplasms are trichoblastoma or syringocystadenoma, proliferating trichilemmal cysts are exceptionally rare. We report a case of a 63‐year‐old Cuban male with a giant proliferating trichilemmal cyst arising from a nevus sebaceus on the right shoulder which had been growing for 30 years. Proliferating trichilemmal cysts arising from nevus sebaceus cases are difficult to diagnose clinically and histologically as they are very rare and have not been defined by exact diagnostic criteria. Our case creates awareness of this particular tumor in nevus sebaceus and shares clinical and histological diagnostic information that can be used to make a proper diagnosis.     

Literature Review of Periclitoral Cysts in the Prepubertal Population

Study ObjectiveClitoral cysts in the pediatric population are rare conditions that require careful evaluation. In this review of the literature we discuss the evaluation of clitoral abnormalities in the pediatric population, the development of clitoral cysts, and how to differentiate benign from malignant tumors. In addition, a summary of relevant cases of clitoral tumors in the literature are discussed.DesignLiterature review.Data SourceA MedLine and advanced PubMed search was conducted of all English language articles published using the search terms “clitoris” and “cyst” until February 2015. Reference tracing was completed for all articles for completeness.Main OutcomeLiterature review of clitoral cysts in the prepubertal population.ResultsIn total, we found 15 cases of benign, spontaneously forming clitoral cysts reported. Eleven of those cases document symptom onset before puberty. Reports of other benign clitoral lesions in the pediatric population include 1 angiokeratoma, 1 hemangiopericytoma, 1 granular cell tumor, 6 hemangiomas, and approximately 30 neurofibromas. Clitoral malignancies in the pediatric population are even more rare with only 3 cases of clitoral schwannomas, 2 rhabdomyosarcomas, 1 lymphoma, and 1 endodermal sinus tumor documented in the literature.ConclusionClitoral cysts must be considered as a possible cause of clitoral enlargement in the prepubertal population. Clitoral tumors are distinguished clinically from hormonal abnormalities and intersex disorders by their hormonal profile, and the presence of an underlying mass. Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging might be useful imaging modalities to further characterize the clitoral enlargement. When confirmed as the most likely diagnosis, surgical resection is the mainstay of treatment for clitoral cysts.