中医药治疗输卵管性不孕的研究进展

输卵管性不孕是导致不孕症的一个重要因素。其发病率有逐年升高的趋势,给患者带来了经济和心理的负担,因此引起广大医务工作者的重视。西医治疗输卵管性不孕,存在着费用昂贵、粘连反复出现等问题。在临床实践中,中医药治疗输卵管性不孕有明显的疗效,优势凸显。因此本研究对输卵管性不孕的病因、治法进行综述,以期在临床治疗中提供经验和范例。     

An integrated pathway interaction network for the combination of four effective compounds from ShengMai preparations in the treatment of cardio-cerebral ischemic diseases

Aim:

SMXZF (a combination of ginsenoside Rb1, ginsenoside Rg1, schizandrin and DT-13) derived from Chinese traditional medicine formula ShengMai preparations) is capable of alleviating cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice. In this study we used network pharmacology approach to explore the mechanisms of SMXZF in the treatment of cardio-cerebral ischemic diseases.

Methods:

Based upon the chemical predictors, such as chemical structure, pharmacological information and systems biology functional data analysis, a target-pathway interaction network was constructed to identify potential pathways and targets of SMXZF in the treatment of cardio-cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, the most related pathways were verified in TNF-α-treated human vascular endothelial EA.hy926 cells and H2O2-treated rat PC12 cells.

Results:

Three signaling pathways including the NF-κB pathway, oxidative stress pathway and cytokine network pathway were demonstrated to be the main signaling pathways. The results from the gene ontology analysis were in accordance with these signaling pathways. The target proteins were found to be associated with other diseases such as vision, renal and metabolic diseases, although they exerted therapeutic actions on cardio-cerebral ischemic diseases. Furthermore, SMXZF not only dose-dependently inhibited the phosphorylation of NF-κB, p50, p65 and IKKα/β in TNF-α-treated EA.hy926 cells, but also regulated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway in H2O2-treated PC12 cells.

Conclusion:

NF-κB signaling pathway, oxidative stress pathway and cytokine network pathway are mainly responsible for the therapeutic actions of SMXZF against cardio-cerebral ischemic diseases.     

Essential Medicines: An Indian Perspective

The concept of defining essential medicines and establishing a list of them was aimed to improve the availability of affordable medicines for the world''s poor. Access to essential medicines is a major determinant of health outcomes. Several countries have made substantial progress towards increasing access to essential medicines, but access to essential medicines in developing countries like India is not adequate. In this review we have tried to present the Indian scenario in respect to availability and accessibility of essential medicines over last one decade. To enhance the credibility of Indian healthcare system, procurement and delivery systems of essential medicines have to be strengthened through government commitment, careful selection, adequate public sector financing, efficient distribution systems, control on taxes and duties, and inculcating a culture of rational use of medicines in current and future prescribers.     

Understanding Interactions Between Chinese Medicines and Pharmaceutical Drugs in Integrative Healthcare

In the 21 st century,the public are more informed,mainly via the Internet,about health and medical products and have become more knowledgeable about matters relating to their health conditions and well-being in curing and preventing illnesses.They often self-medicate themselves with various health products and over-the-counter(OTC) medicines apart from prescribed pharmaceutical drugs(PD).Some of those non-prescribed products may have doubtful quality control and contain harmful additives or unchecked ingredients;thus their usefulness is in doubt.The increasing popularity world-wide of using Chinese medicines(CM) and related OTC functional products has raised concerns over their concomitant use with PD and the consequential adverse effects.In most cases the alleged causes of adverse effects are linked with herbal sources,although the authorised information on the interactions between CM-PD is not plentiful in the literature.There is an urgent need for such a data base.The future professionals in health and medical care should be knowledgeable or aware of what their patients have been taking or given.In actual practice the patients may receive both treatments intentionally or unintentionally,with or without the awareness of the practitioner.In these situations a reliable database for interactions between CM-PD will be extremely useful for consultation when treatment problems appear or during emergency situations.Their combining of medications may be involved with possible outcomes of adverse reactions or beneficial effects.Such a database will be welcomed by both practitioners of herbal medicines and orthodox medicine practitioners in the emerging trend of integrative medicine.The author has been involved in various research projects of basic and clinical aspects in mainly CM among other herbal and PD.Examples will be given largely on those related to these disciplines as illustrations in this overview.     

Clinical trials in children

Safety and efficacy data on many medicines used in children are surprisingly scarce. As a result children are sometimes given ineffective medicines or medicines with unknown harmful side effects. Better and more relevant clinical trials in children are needed to increase our knowledge of the effects of medicines and to prevent the delayed or non-use of beneficial therapies. Clinical trials provide reliable evidence of treatment effects by rigorous controlled testing of interventions on human subjects. Paediatric trials are more challenging to conduct than trials in adults because of the paucity of funding, uniqueness of children and particular ethical concerns. Although current regulations and initiatives are improving the scope, quantity and quality of trials in children, there are still deficiencies that need to be addressed to accelerate radically equitable access to evidence-based therapies in children.     

中西医结合治疗冠心病劳力型心绞痛60例疗效分析

目的：比较分析中西医结合治疗与单纯西药治疗冠心病劳力型心绞痛的疗效,以为今后临床本病的治疗提供参考。方法114例冠心病合并劳力型心绞痛患者,随机分为中西医结合治疗组(观察组,60例)以及西药治疗组(对照组,54例),对照组给予单硝酸异山梨酯片治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合自制中药汤剂治疗。观察两组疗效。结果观察组显效34例,有效18例,无效8例,总有效率为86.7%,对照组患者显效18例,有效20例,无效为16例,总有效率为70.4%,观察组总有效率明显高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组均有个别患者有副作用,经对应调节后副作用均消失,所有患者均坚持全程服药。结论中西医结合治疗冠心痛劳力型心绞痛疗效显著,值得临床应用推广。