泰素帝治疗晚期恶性实体瘤疗效观察

目的观察泰素帝联合卡铂治疗晚期恶性肿瘤的疗效及其副反应。方法经病理学或细胞学证实的64例、期恶性肿瘤患者,泰素帝75mg/m2静滴,第1天,卡铂6mg·ml-1·min-1静滴第2天,3周为一周期,每例患者治疗2周期以上。结果全组CR0例,PR24例,SD36例,PD4例,总有效率37.5%,初治组有效率38.7%,复治组有效率36.8%,两组间比较有效率差异无显著性(P>0.05),主要毒副反应为骨髓抑制, 度白细胞下降为46.9%,其它毒副反应较轻微,可耐受。结论泰素帝联合卡铂一线治疗或二线治疗晚期恶性实体瘤均有较好的疗效,毒性可耐受,值得临床进一步推广。     

NEW METHOD OF STENTING TREATMENT FOR MALIGNANT DUODENAL STENOSIS: USING DOUBLE‐BALLOON ENTEROSCOPY

Recently, a self‐expandable metallic stent has been recognized for treatment of malignant duodenal stenosis. But the complications by stenting are important problems even now. In the present study, we report our new method of duodenal stenting by using of double‐balloon enteroscopy considered safe and effective.     

Age, fiber type composition and in vitro contracture responses in human malignant hyperthermia

Muscle fiber typing and in vitro contracture tests were performed in 59 patients investigated for susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia (MH). Eighteen patients were found to be susceptible to MH. There was no difference in age or fiber type distribution between MH susceptible and non-susceptible patients. No correlation was found between age and fiber type distribution. Separate analyses for each diagnostic group revealed no relationship between age or fiber type distribution and response to halothane or caffeine. When all caffeine results were pooled, however, there was a significant effect of age on the caffeine specific concentration (the concentration eliciting a contracture of 1 g), but not on the caffeine threshold concentration (the minimal concentration eliciting an increase in tension). It is concluded that age and fiber type distribution have no influence on MH diagnosis, if the protocol of the European MH Group for evaluation of susceptibility to MH is followed.     

涎腺恶性肿瘤的回顾性研究

本文对52例涎腺恶性肿瘤进行了回顾性研究。52例中发生于腮腺者27例(51.9％);病理类型以腺样囊性癌和粘液表皮样癌最多见;随访2～8年,死亡19例,病死率最高者为腺癌(5/8)和鳞癌(3/5)。作者对腺样囊性癌的病理分型提出了不同看法。     

Evaluation of CHIP (iproplatin) in recurrent pediatric malignant solid tumors

CHIP (325 mg/M²), a second generation cisplatin derivative, was administered intravenously every 3 weeks to 85 pediatric patients with recurrent sarcomas (19), osteosarcomas (20), neuroblastoma (23), germ cell tumors (10), and other malignant tumors (7). Thirty-eight of them had been previously exposed to cisplatin. Partial remissions were only observed in 3 of 23 (13% SE=7%) patients having neuroblastoma. Severe thrombocytopenia (65%) and neutropenia (35%) were the dose limiting factors.     

颈部神经鞘瘤34例临床分析

对３４例颈部神经鞘瘤进行了临床分析，均以颈部无痛性包块为主诉。１６例压迫肿瘤可引起肢端麻木、放射性疼痛或压气、呛咳等症状，１０例肿块穿刺抽出囊液，８２．２％来诊时诊断不清楚，需与颈部其他肿瘤相鉴别，Ｂ超对诊断有帮助。本组手术行肿瘤核除术１３例，肿瘤切除术１９例，取病理２例。应争取做保留神经功能的肿瘤核除术。     

Pharmacokinetics of famotidine in patients with cirrhosis and ascites

Summary The pharmacokinetics of famotidine has been investigated in ascitic cirrhotic patients. 10 decompensated cirrhotic patients were studied (9 m, 1 f), who had normal renal function, and six healthy control subjects (4 m, 2 f), matched for age, sex and weight. Each subject received on two occasions, at least four days apart, a single oral (40 mg) or intravenous dose (20 mg) of famotidine, at 21.00 h in a randomised manner. Serial blood samples were collected and famotidine in plasma was determined by a HPLC/UV method. Plasma data were subjected to non compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis.There were no statistically significant differences in pharmacokinetic parameters between the two groups after either the intravenous or oral administration of famotidine.The findings suggest that the dose of famotidine may not require any adjustment in ascitic patients without renal failure.     

胃癌、肝癌和肺癌与ABO血型相关性研究

目的探讨胃癌、肝癌、肺癌与ABO血型之间的关系。方法应用疾病关联分析方法,对2004-01—2005-12两年间在我院住院的286例恶性肿瘤患者,与同期本地区正常人群5419例ABO血型资料进行对比分析。结果含A抗原(A,AB血型)者患胃癌的危险率较高,B型人患肝癌的危险率较高,而肺癌患者ABO血型与正常人群无显著性差异。结论通过对血型的分析可以窥测恶性肿瘤的遗传倾向,但更应重视对环境因素的控制,以减少发病危险。     

Thick malignant melanomas (> 3 mm Breslow) with good clinical outcome: a histological study and survival analysis

Thick malignant melanomas in general tend to have a poor prognosis, but exceptions occur where there may be no further recurrence. The reasons for this difference in clinical behaviour are not fully understood. We have looked at thick malignant melanomas (greater than 3.0 mm) in the East of Scotland that have no evidence of metastasis after a minimum of 6 years follow-up and compared the clinical and histological features with a similar group, associated with histological evidence of metastasis and/or death. Both groups received similar treatment regimes. We have identified 41 patients with thick melanomas in the former group. When compared with the control group, factors found to be significantly different between the two groups were: the nature of the lower margin of the tumour; vascular invasion; and anatomical location.     

肿瘤三项标记物在良性和恶性胸液鉴别诊断中的价值

作者测定了44例良恶性胸腔积液患者胸液及血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)、癌胚抗原(CEA)和铁蛋白(Ft)三项肿瘤标记物水平。结果表明:恶性胸腔积液患者的胸液和血清的CEA均明显高于良性胸腔积液。若胸液和血清的CEA以>15ng/ml为诊断界值,其敏感性为55.6％和43.8％,特异性均为100％。恶性胸腔积液患者胸液的Ft高于良性胸腔积液。若胸液的Ft分别以男>480 ng/ml、女>264 ng/ml为诊断界值,其敏感性为70％,特异性为66.7％。故可认为CEA及Ft在良恶性胸液的鉴别诊断中具有一定意义,而AFP在鉴别诊断中则无显著意义。