全文获取类型
收费全文 | 12680篇 |
免费 | 1006篇 |
国内免费 | 579篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 27篇 |
儿科学 | 181篇 |
妇产科学 | 98篇 |
基础医学 | 1279篇 |
口腔科学 | 57篇 |
临床医学 | 1057篇 |
内科学 | 1652篇 |
皮肤病学 | 127篇 |
神经病学 | 442篇 |
特种医学 | 308篇 |
外国民族医学 | 2篇 |
外科学 | 397篇 |
综合类 | 2578篇 |
预防医学 | 1474篇 |
眼科学 | 157篇 |
药学 | 2693篇 |
7篇 | |
中国医学 | 1502篇 |
肿瘤学 | 227篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 56篇 |
2023年 | 182篇 |
2022年 | 416篇 |
2021年 | 515篇 |
2020年 | 384篇 |
2019年 | 358篇 |
2018年 | 329篇 |
2017年 | 462篇 |
2016年 | 476篇 |
2015年 | 432篇 |
2014年 | 646篇 |
2013年 | 1011篇 |
2012年 | 634篇 |
2011年 | 735篇 |
2010年 | 590篇 |
2009年 | 502篇 |
2008年 | 569篇 |
2007年 | 544篇 |
2006年 | 574篇 |
2005年 | 489篇 |
2004年 | 465篇 |
2003年 | 427篇 |
2002年 | 335篇 |
2001年 | 380篇 |
2000年 | 317篇 |
1999年 | 236篇 |
1998年 | 239篇 |
1997年 | 210篇 |
1996年 | 242篇 |
1995年 | 218篇 |
1994年 | 189篇 |
1993年 | 183篇 |
1992年 | 148篇 |
1991年 | 127篇 |
1990年 | 97篇 |
1989年 | 99篇 |
1988年 | 60篇 |
1987年 | 61篇 |
1986年 | 39篇 |
1985年 | 66篇 |
1984年 | 44篇 |
1983年 | 22篇 |
1982年 | 35篇 |
1981年 | 23篇 |
1980年 | 13篇 |
1979年 | 13篇 |
1978年 | 14篇 |
1977年 | 11篇 |
1976年 | 19篇 |
1973年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
11.
A critical assessment of allergen component-based in vitro diagnosis in cherry allergy across Europe
A. Reuter J. Lidholm K. Andersson J. Östling M. Lundberg S. Scheurer E. Enrique A. Cistero-Bahima M. San Miguel-Moncin B. K. Ballmer-Weber Stefan Vieths 《Clinical and experimental allergy》2006,36(6):815-823
BACKGROUND: Food allergy to cherry occurs throughout Europe, typically with restricted oral reactions in the central and northern parts but with frequent systemic reactions in the Mediterranean region. Previous studies have demonstrated insufficient sensitivity of commercially available cherry extract reagents in the diagnosis of cherry allergy. OBJECTIVE: To assess the diagnostic performance of specific IgE tests based on recombinant cherry allergens in comparison with an extract-based assay and to skin prick test (SPT). A secondary objective was to analyse the frequency of systemic reactions in cherry-allergic subjects across Europe, including the largest population of LTP-sensitized subjects from central Europe studied to date. METHODS: A total of 186 subjects from central Europe and Spain were studied. Serum IgE was analysed with ImmunoCAP tests carrying rPru av 1, 3 and 4, combined and separately, and cherry extract. RESULTS: Among the central European cherry allergics, the mix of rPru av 1, 3 and 4 had a sensitivity of 95%, compared with 65% for cherry extract, and the IgE binding capacity of the recombinant mix was considerably higher. The sensitivity of the two tests was more comparable in the Spanish population, 95% and 86%, respectively. The recombinant allergen ImmunoCAP equalled SPT in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Consistent with previous reports, major geographic differences in sensitization pattern and prevalence of systemic reactions were found. A significantly higher rate of systemic reactions was found in Spanish patients sensitized to Pru av 3 whereas German patients sensitized to LTP only had oral allergy syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: The recombinant cherry allergen ImmunoCAP is a highly sensitive diagnostic tool, clearly superior to any diagnostic method based on cherry extract. Three cherry allergens are sufficient for detecting sensitization in 95% of cherry-allergic subjects. Systemic reactions are common in LTP-sensitized individuals but seem to require at least one additional causative factor. 相似文献
12.
猕猴桃中药复方制剂对血清SOD及MDA含量的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
猕猴桃中药复方制剂系采用猕猴桃汁为基质,配加绞股蓝、丹参等中药的有效成分制成。为了研究它的保健作用,在63例50岁以上、无急性疾病的中、老年人,36例30~49岁健康的青年,32例14~17岁健康的少年中进行试验,10ml每日2次连续服用30天后,中老年人血液SOD显著增高,70岁以上老人平均增高2.8倍,血清MDA明显下降,70岁以上平均下降87.5%。 相似文献
13.
复方通络中药改善肥胖患者血管内皮细胞功能障碍研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目的观察复方通络中药对单纯性肥胖患者血管内皮依赖性舒张功能障碍的干预效应,探讨其作用机制。方法应用高分辨血管超声检查选择血管内皮依赖性舒张功能障碍[以血流介导的肱动脉扩张率(FMD)表示]肥胖患者(65例),随机分为通络中药治疗组和对照组。治疗组32例,对照组33例。治疗组给予辛香疏络2号胶囊,3g/次,每日3次;对照组给予淀粉胶囊,3g/次,每日3次。共用药12周,分别测定用药前后FMD、肱动脉内径(D0),同时检测辛香疏络2号治疗前后患者血清总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)的变化。结果治疗后治疗组FMD较对照组明显增加(P〈0.01),TC、TG较治疗前及对照组明显下降(P〈0.01)。结论复方通络中药辛香疏络2号胶囊可明显改善肥胖患者血管内皮障碍,调节血脂可能是其改善血管内皮功能机制之一。 相似文献
14.
Zhiqiang Li Arthur F Gmitro Ali Bilgin Maria I Altbach 《Magnetic resonance in medicine》2007,57(6):1047-1057
Three-point Dixon techniques achieve good lipid-water separation by estimating the phase due to field inhomogeneities. Recently it was demonstrated that the combination of an iterative algorithm (iterative decomposition of water and fat with echo asymmetry and least-squares estimation (IDEAL)) with a fast spin-echo (FSE) three-point Dixon method yielded robust lipid-water decomposition. As an alternative to FSE, the gradient- and spin-echo (GRASE) technique has been developed for efficient data collection. In this work we present a method for lipid-water separation by combining IDEAL with the GRASE technique. An approach to correct for errors in the lipid-water decomposition caused by phase distortions due to the switching of the readout gradient polarities inherent to GRASE is presented. The IDEAL-GRASE technique is demonstrated in phantoms and in vivo for various applications, including pelvic, musculoskeletal, and (breath-hold) cardiac imaging. 相似文献
15.
Iron overload and liver fibrosis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
MJP ARTHUR 《Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology》1996,11(10):1124-1129
16.
Permeability of pure lipid bilayers to melatonin 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
Ernane J.X. Costa Roberto Harzer Lopes M. Teresa Lamy-Freund 《Journal of pineal research》1995,19(3):123-126
Abstract: Melatonin, the chief hormone of the pineal gland, has been reported to interact with a variety of different cells. This ubiquitously acting hormone has been found to interact with protein receptors both at the cell membrane and in the nucleus. Moreover, melatonin was recently shown to be a very potent hydroxyl radical scavenger. The present work focuses on the interaction of melatonin with pure lipid bilayers. It is shown that melatonin can cross multilamellar lipid vesicles, which are used here as model systems for the lipid phase of biological membranes. Thus, the data prove that melatonin can easily pass through the cell membrane and bath every part of the cell, as previously suggested in the literature. Melatonin lipid association constant was calculated based on the change of the hormone fluorescence intensity due to its penetration into the hydrophobic lipid phase. Though melatonin was recently shown to be highly soluble in aqueous media, its lipid association constant is rather high, indicating that the biological action of the hormone is likely to be at the membrane level, either via its interaction with membrane receptors, and/or as a lipoperoxidation radical scavenger. 相似文献
17.
Summary. Superoxide dismutase-like activity (SOD-like), isoenzyme lactate dehydrogenase-C4 (LDH-C4) and NADH-diaphorase activities in spermatozoa have been investigated from 58 normozoospermic and 27 oligozoospermic men. Significantly higher SOD-like, LDH-C4 and diaphorase activities ( P <0.01, P <0.005 and P <0.0001, respectively) were detected in spermatozoa from oligozoospermic men, compared to the activities found in normozoospermic samples. SOD-like activity (mean±SE) in oligozoospermic samples amounted to 8.3±1.6 U 10−8 spermatozoa, while in spermatozoa in normozoospermic men with a sperm concentration above 20 million of spermatozoa per ml amounted to 4.2±0.5 U 10−8 . There was a close correlation between the SOD-like activity and biochemical indicators of the presence of residual cytoplasm i.e. isoenzyme LDH-C4 and NADH-diaphorase (r = 0.53 and r = 0.66 in normozoospermic and r = 0.63 and r = 0.54 in oligozoospermic men, respectively). A positive relationship between SOD-like activity and experimentally-induced lipid peroxidation was detected in 54 infertile men (r = 0.30; P <0.05). These findings suggest that a higher level of superoxide dismutase-like activity may reflect a defect in the development or maturation of spermatozoa and, thereby, a decreased fertility potential. Hence, determination of SOD-like activity may give information on the state of maturity of human spermatozoa, while its role in the antioxidative protection remains to be determined. 相似文献
18.
Aitken R.John; Buckingham Donna W.; Brindle James; Gomez Emelio; Baker H.W.Gordon; Irvine D.Stewart 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1995,10(8):2061-2071
The addition of luminol to unprocessed semen samples resultedin the generation of chemiluminescent signals, the intensityof which was highly correlated with the level of leukocyte contamination.Despite the spontaneous oxidant-generating capacity of seminalleukocytes, no correlations were observed between leukocytecontamination and the fertility status of the subjects or anyaspect of the semen profile, including the motility of the spermatozoaor their performance in a hyaluronate penetration assay. Luminol-dependentchemiluminescence and leukocyte contamination were also correlatedin washed sperm suspensions prepared either by repeated centrifugationor on discontinuous Percoll gradients. However, in such spermsuspensions, the spontaneous generation of oxidants by contaminatingleukocytes (>2x104 leukocytes/ml) was invariably associatedwith a decreased capacity for movement. Moreover, causativeassociations between leukocyte contamination, reactive oxygenspecies generation, lipid peroxidation and impaired sperm motilitywere revealed by experiments involving the selective additionor removal of activated leukocytes. From these observationswe can conclude that low concentrations of leukocytes are acommon feature of the human ejaculate and can impair sperm function,particularly in the absence of seminal plasma. These findingshave implications for our understanding of the importance ofleukocytospermia in defining the fertility of human spermatozoain vivo and in vitro. 相似文献
19.
Ishitsuka R Kobayashi T 《Anatomical science international / Japanese Association of Anatomists》2004,79(4):184-190
Sphingomyelin is a major sphingolipid species in animal cells and is a major lipid constituent of plasma membranes. Recent reports have established important roles for sphingomyelin and its metabolites as second messengers in signal transduction events during development and differentiation. Sphingomyelin is also a major component of sphingolipid, cholesterol-rich plasma membrane microdomains, known as 'lipid rafts'. However, little is known about the organization of sphingomyelin in biological membranes. Lysenin is a recently discovered sphingomyelin-specific toxin. In the present review, we summarize the current characterization of this protein and describe our recent attempt to elucidate the organization of sphingomyelin in cellular membranes using lysenin as a unique tool. 相似文献
20.
Toshio Nishimura Keizo Tsuruhara Keiko Naito Junko Hirohara Sotokichi Morii 《Pathology international》1989,39(5):281-288
To examine the effect of colchicine on ethionine induced fatty liver, adult female rats were starved overnight and then injected i.p. with 1 g kg ethionine at 11th hour of fasting; then a half of the rats were also injected i.p. with 2.5 mg kg colchicine twice at 3 and 6 h after the single administration of ethionine. Similarly, fasted control rats were injected i.p. with vehicle alone at the above times. All of the rats were sacrificed after a 20 h fast, and the hepatocytes in periportal areas were observed ultra-structurally. In addition, total lipids in the liver tissue were extracted and determined biochemically. Although similar significant increases of triglyceride were observed in the liver tissue of all ethionine-injected rats, the hapatocytes in the group treated with both chemicals had fewer cytoplasmic fat globules (CFG) than those in the group treated with ethionine only. On the other hand, the diameters of markedly increased membrane-bound lipid particles (MLP) in the double treated group were distributed mainly in the range 0.2–0.4 μm, compared with those (0.1-0.2 μm) in the other groups. These findings indicate that colchicine inhibits the development of CFG in ethionine injured hapatocytes. Acta Pathol Jpn 39: 281∼288, 1989. 相似文献