Background factors in people living with HIV in Japan who switch to cabotegravir plus rilpivirine: A pilot study

Long-acting therapy of cabotegravir and rilpivirine is expected to free people from the negative emotions of living with HIV associated with taking drugs, but problems such as increased number of hospital visits, lack of anti-HBV activity, and limited convenience in people with concomitant drugs have been noted. In this single-center, prospective, cross-sectional study, we investigated background factors of people living with HIV in Japan who chose cabotegravir plus rilpivirine. Forty-seven percent (36 of 76) of individuals chose this regimen, but many people living with HIV who visited the hospital once every 3 months or needed concomitant medications due to complications chose this regimen and there were no significant differences in background factors that could affect convenience between the groups of those who switched and those who did not.     

Variables Associated With Seeking Information From Doctors and the Internet After Exposure to Direct-to-Consumer Advertisements for Prescription Medications

This study examines variables associated with seeking information from doctors, the Internet, and a combination of both doctors and Internet after exposure to direct-to-consumer advertisements. Data were analyzed from 462 college students. Younger age, women, and health insurance were associated with greater odds for doctor; women, subjective norms, intentions, and greater time since seen doctor were associated with greater odds for Internet; and African American, Hispanic, subjective norms, intentions, and health insurance were associated with greater odds for both doctor and Internet. Marketers of direct-to-consumer advertisements can use these findings for tailoring and targeting direct-to-consumer advertisements.     

Qualitative cross-cultural exploration of vaginal bleeding/spotting symptoms and impacts associated with hormone therapy in post-menopausal women to inform the development of new patient-reported measurement tools

Objectives

To understand the vaginal bleeding/spotting experiences of postmenopausal (PM) women taking estrogen plus progestin therapies (EPT) and develop measures to assess these symptoms and their impact on women's daily lives in four countries.

Design

(1) Concept elicitation interviews were conducted with PM women in the US (n = 14), Italy (n = 15), Mexico (n = 15) and China (n = 15) to explore vaginal bleeding/spotting symptoms associated with EPT. The Post-Menopausal Bleeding Questionnaire (PMBQ) was also debriefed to evaluate understanding and comprehensiveness. (2) Based on concept elicitation, a single item electronic daily diary was developed and the PMBQ modified to form a 12-item impact measure. (3) The measures were pilot-tested and then cognitively debriefed with US women receiving EPT. All qualitative data was subject to thematic analysis.

Main outcome measures

The Vaginal Bleeding/Spotting Daily Diary, (VBS-DD) and Post-Menopausal Bleeding Impact Questionnaire (PMBIQ) were developed in this study.

Results

Concept elicitation identified vaginal bleeding and spotting as important symptoms for women taking EPT, impacting their emotional wellbeing, social life, ability to move freely, clothing and sexual activity. Based on pilot testing and cognitive debriefing, women demonstrated good understanding of the VBS-DD and the PMBQ was reduced to 10 items due to conceptual redundancy.

Conclusions

Women taking EPT in the US, China, Mexico and Italy reported vaginal bleeding/spotting symptoms that have a detrimental impact on their quality of life. Two new measures were developed to assess the severity and impact of vaginal bleeding/spotting specific to EPT. This work highlights the need for EPT-related symptoms to be a part of treatment decision-making.     

互联网在外科临床教学中的意义简

 分析在互联网时代,互联网给外科教学带来的影响,通过分析其在外科教学过程中的应用,以便充分合理地利用互联网资源,更好地提高外科教学效果。     

社团与非社团医学生的手机网络成瘾和孤独感

目的探讨网络环境下社团与非社团医学生手机网络成瘾、孤独感的状况及差异。方法采用手机网络成瘾量表、网络游戏成瘾量表、感情与社会孤独量表对人口统计学变量相匹配的社团与非社团医学生进行测查。结果①非社团医学生手机网络成瘾倾向者以及严重手机网络游戏成瘾者的比例明显比社团医学生的比例高。社团与非社团医学生手机网络成瘾、社会孤独感差异显著(F=358.99,18.13;P0.001);感情孤独感差异显著(F=33.15,P0.05);②医学生是否属于社团成员与其手机网络成瘾、社会孤独感与感情孤独感均呈显著的相关(r=0.126~0.494,P0.01);③回归分析显示,是否社团成员对医学生手机网络成瘾、社会孤独感和感情孤独感的影响作用显著(P0.001)。结论网络环境下是否是社团成员对医学生手机网络成瘾、孤独感的影响作用显著。     

大承气汤加减治疗痔疮术后便秘临床应用效果观察及围手术期睡眠质量调查

目的:观察对痔疮术后便秘患者应用大承气汤加减治疗的临床效果及其对围术期患者睡眠质量的影响.方法:选取2017年9月至2019年4月在河池市人民医院接受治疗的痔疮术后便秘患者71例作为研究对象,以治疗方式为依据将患者分成对照组(n=35,常规西医治疗)与观察组(n=36,对照组+大承气汤加减).比较2组患者的治疗效果、排便情况、肛门疼痛情况与睡眠情况.结果:观察组患者的治疗总有效率与睡眠总时间均低于对照组;观察组患者的排便次数正常时间、大便性质正常时间与肛门疼痛评分均低于对照组;均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:对痔疮术后便秘患者使用大承气汤加减治疗的效果理想,可有效改善患者的便秘情况,减轻患者的肛门疼痛,并提高患者的睡眠质量,应积极推广.