脾阴、脾阴虚证现代研究进展

脾阴虚证是具有阴虚证共性,且区别于脾阳(气)虚证,一种客观存在的脾虚证。脾阴虚证的现代研究,虽在动物模型、动物实验研究、病理实质、滋脾方剂作用机制、现代临床疾病应用、复方研究等方面均取得了较大的进展,但仍需要进一步拓宽思路,更完整、全面认识脾阴虚证。     

消赘饮辅助治疗感染性心内膜炎35例

目的:观察消赘饮辅助治疗感染性心内膜炎的临床疗效。方法:选取于本院感染性心内膜炎患者67例,随机分为对照组32例和治疗组35例。对照组患者给予西医常规抗生素足量、长效治疗,治疗组患者在对照组治疗的基础上给予消赘饮治疗,日1剂,早晚分服,两组均以15 d为1个疗程。治疗4个疗程后观察两组患者的B超心脏瓣膜损害情况、赘生物大小变化等。结果:对照组治愈率为46.9%,治疗组治愈率为71.4%,治疗组的治愈率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:消赘饮辅助治疗可使心脏瓣膜损害有明显好转,赘生物有所缩小或消失,疗效显著。     

云母石合用痛泻要方治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征

目的观察云母石连用痛泻要方加味治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征肝郁脾虚证的临床疗效。方法选取诊断病例60例,分为对照组和治疗组,每组30例。治疗组:云母石连用痛泻要方加味(云母石10 g,炒白芍12 g,陈皮10 g,炒白术12 g,防风12 g。辨证加减:肝郁者加醋柴胡6 g,绿萼梅10 g等;脾虚者加炒党参15 g,茯苓12 g,山药15 g等;湿热者加葛根10 g,黄连5 g,黄芩10 g,地锦草15 g,辣蓼15 g等;伴脾肾阳虚者加吴茱萸5 g,肉豆蔻10 g,五味子10 g等)。对照组:口服匹维溴胺50 mg,2次/d,双歧杆菌三联活菌0.42 g,3次/d。4周为1个疗程。对2组临床症状积分、中医证候疗效及HAMD抑郁量表、HAMA焦虑量表进行评估。结果治疗组总有效率83.3%,大于对照组的56.7%(P0.05),治疗组抑郁量表及焦虑量表评分治疗后小于治疗前(P0.05),并优于对照组(P0.05)。结论云母石连用痛泻要方加味治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征肝郁脾虚证在改善胃肠道症状及解除精神抑郁或焦虑状态方面具有优势。     

Back to BAC: the use of infectious clone technologies for viral mutagenesis

Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) vectors were first developed to facilitate the propagation and manipulation of large DNA fragments in molecular biology studies for uses such as genome sequencing projects and genetic disease models. To facilitate these studies, methodologies have been developed to introduce specific mutations that can be directly applied to the mutagenesis of infectious clones (icBAC) using BAC technologies. This has resulted in rapid identification of gene function and expression at unprecedented rates. Here we review the major developments in BAC mutagenesis in vitro. This review summarises the technologies used to construct and introduce mutations into herpesvirus icBAC. It also explores developing technologies likely to provide the next leap in understanding these important viruses.     

迁延性腹泻患儿血锌变化及补锌治疗效果评价

目的探讨迁延性腹泻患儿血清锌水平变化及补锌治疗对迁延性腹泻的疗效。方法收集2007～2010年因迁延性腹泻在我院住院的患儿76例及同期在儿童保健科体检的健康儿童213例的末梢血,按年龄分组测定血锌,比较两组的血锌水平;并将迁延性腹泻患儿随机分为补锌治疗组40例,常规治疗组36例,常规治疗组患儿给予蒙脱石散、微生态制剂及补液等治疗;补锌治疗组在常规治疗的基础上口服葡萄糖酸锌片20 mg/d(6个月以下者10 mg/d),连续治疗14 d,治疗后检测血锌水平。对腹泻组患儿于出院后随访3个月,观察其腹泻再发生次数、体重增长等情况。结果 (1)迁延性腹泻患儿血锌水平明显低于本地区同龄健康儿童血锌水平(P0.01);(2)治疗总有效率补锌治疗组为95.0%,常规治疗组为77.8%,补锌组高于常规治疗组(P0.05);(3)疗程补锌治疗组为(8.3±2.8)d,常规治疗组为(11.6±3.1)d,补锌组短于常规治疗组(P0.01);(4)补锌治疗组患儿治疗后血锌值与健康对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P0.05);(5)出院后3个月内,补锌组患儿再发生腹泻(2.3±1.1)人次,常规治疗组再发生腹泻(4.6±2.3)人次,补锌组少于常规治疗组(P0.01);(6)合并营养不良者,补锌能增加其体重。结论迁延性腹泻患儿血锌水平降低,补锌可提高其临床疗效及缩短疗程。     

一起饮用水污染引起感染性腹泻暴发疫情的流行病学调查分析

目的分析引起这起疫情的主要原因,为今后控制感染性腹泻爆发流行提供科学依据。方法采用现场流行病学和实验室检验。结果此次疫情共报告病例279例,罹患率12.51%,病原学检测为肠致泻性大肠杆菌。主要症状为腹胀、腹痛、腹鸣、腹泻、多无发热。疫情发生原因为肠致泻性大肠杆菌污染了管网水所致。结论控制感染性腹泻等肠道传染病爆发疫情,及时发现疫情是前提,措施到位是保障,做到"早、小、严、实"是关键。     

飞行员慢性病管理模式初探

文章分析飞行员慢性病患病趋势和管理现状,阐述飞行员慢性病管理的重要意义,探讨飞行员慢性病管理模式及长效机制,并提出相应建议。宗旨是,完善现有的航空卫生保障体系,充分调动飞行员主动参与和维护健康的自我效能,有效利用有限资源达到最大的慢性病控制效果,提高飞行综合保障能力。     

New variants of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, china, 2011

In 2011, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection rates rose substantially in vaccinated swine herds. To determine the distribution profile of PEDV outbreak strains, we sequenced the full-length spike gene from samples from 9 farms where animals exhibited severe diarrhea and mortality rates were high. Three new PEDV variants were identified.     

Spike protein fusion peptide and feline coronavirus virulence

Coronaviruses are well known for their potential to change their host or tissue tropism, resulting in unpredictable new diseases and changes in pathogenicity; severe acute respiratory syndrome and feline coronaviruses, respectively, are the most recognized examples. Feline coronaviruses occur as 2 pathotypes: nonvirulent feline enteric coronaviruses (FECVs), which replicate in intestinal epithelium cells, and lethal feline infectious peritonitis viruses (FIPVs), which replicate in macrophages. Evidence indicates that FIPV originates from FECV by mutation, but consistent distinguishing differences have not been established. We sequenced the full genome of 11 viruses of each pathotype and then focused on the single most distinctive site by additionally sequencing hundreds of viruses in that region. As a result, we identified 2 alternative amino acid differences in the putative fusion peptide of the spike protein that together distinguish FIPV from FECV in >95% of cases. By these and perhaps other mutations, the virus apparently acquires its macrophage tropism and spreads systemically.     

四联活菌肠溶胶囊治疗36例慢性腹泻临床效果观察

目的 研究证实双歧杆菌、肠球菌、乳杆菌和芽孢杆菌四联活菌肠溶胶囊治疗慢性腹泻的临床效果.方法 选取慢性腹泻患者70例,随机分为两组,治疗组36例,效用四联活菌肠溶胶囊进行治疗,对照组34例,采用诺氟沙星进行治疗,疗程14d.统计观察治疗后两组患者腹泻缓解时间和临床症状的变化以及治疗效果.结果 治疗后第14天治疗组临床症状改善情况与对照组相比有显著性差异;疗程结束时治疗组腹泻缓解率为86.1%(31/34),大便成形率为77.8%(28/36),腹泻伴随症状下降效果明显由于对照组.结论 采用双歧杆菌、肠球菌、乳杆菌和芽孢杆菌四联活菌肠溶胶囊治疗慢性腹泻患者,具有安全有效、无明显不良反应.