本科预防医学综合实验教学实践与探索

开展本科预防医学综合实验教学体系,培养适应经济社会发展需求的高素质和创新型公共卫生人才。本研究从预防医学综合实验研究与实践入手,以中国医科大学公共卫生学院为例,介绍了开展综合实验教学的设想、原则、构建与实施的改革经验,探讨综合实验教学对提升预防医学专业实验教学质量的作用,形成了独具特色的预防医学实验教学体系和人才培养模式。     

苯巴比妥综合实验的设计与实践

针对药学专业二年级本科生,依托综合性化学实验,从设计思路、教学方案、成效与推广等方面,围绕苯巴比妥设计“合成—精制—结构确证—鉴定分析—含量测定”的综合性实验,以求参与学生达到综合程度高、探究性强、可操作性好等目的。     

虚拟实验在临床微生物学检验技术中的应用研究

临床微生物学检验技术实验是临床微生物学检验技术教学的重要组成部分。在临床微生物学检验技术实验教学中,将虚拟仿真技术与传统教学结合,充分发挥虚拟实验平台的优势。有些传统教学无法开展的实验项目和一些重要的实验项目,学生可以在虚拟实验平台上进行学习,并在学习完成后,参加相应的考核。两者的完美结合,可解决目前实验课实验成本过高和实验内容有限的问题,弥补传统教学的不足,实现教学资源共享,强化学生实验操作技能,提升学习兴趣;也有利于应用型医学检验技术专业人才的培养。     

Experimental Investigation of the Failure Scenario of Various Connection Types between Thin-Walled Beam and Sandwich Panel

The paper presents failure scenarios for various types of connections between a thin-walled beam and a sandwich panel. In addition to standard connections used in civil engineering applications, that is, self-drilling fasteners for sandwich panels, the study examined the use of bolts, blind rivets, and double-sided acrylic tape applied linearly and pointwise. The connections were subjected to the horizontal load applied with constant eccentricity with respect to the plane of the connection surface. This load arrangement simulates the behaviour of a free flange of the thin-walled beam in bending while lateral-torsional buckling occurs. In this way, the research covers the determination of the lateral stiffness of the thin-walled beam-free flange, while the other flange is connected to the sandwich panel using various connection systems.     

Assessing Consumer Willingness to Pay for Nutritional Information Using a Dietary App

A healthy society is the foundation of development in every country, and one way to achieve a healthy society is to promote healthy nutrition. An unbalanced diet is one of the leading causes of noncommunicable diseases globally. If food was correctly selected and correctly consumed, both the problems of overeating and lack of nutrition could be largely solved while also decreasing public health costs. Interventions such as presenting necessary information and warning labels would help consumers make better food choices. Hence, providing nutritional information to consumers becomes essential. The present study investigates the importance of nutrition information labels on consumers’ preferences by estimating their willingness to pay for features and information provided by a dietary software program (app). An application can easily display the information to the consumers and help them make informed food choices. A discrete choice experiment investigated consumers’ preferences and willingness to pay to receive nutritional information. Mixed multinomial logit and latent class analysis were applied. The results showed the existence of heterogeneity in consumer preferences for different nutritional information provided by the application. Consumers are willing to pay more for salt and fat alerts. The results of this study allow for the analysis of consumers’ interest in nutritional information. Such results are essential for the industry for future investments in similar applications that potentially could help consumers make better informed choices.     

Would You Buy Plant-Based Beef Patties? A Survey on Product Attribute Preference and Willingness to Pay among Consumers in Liaoning Province,China

Carbon emissions from the production of beef account for the majority of carbon emissions from animal husbandry, and animal husbandry, in turn, is the main driver of global carbon emissions. At present, there are relatively few studies of consumer preferences for beef substitutes, especially in developing countries. However, plant-based meat is of great significance in solving the tense relationship between supply and demand, ensuring sustainable development, further improving food safety, and improving animal welfare. Based on survey data from 1146 consumers in Liaoning province, China, this paper adopts the choice experiment method to study consumer preferences and willingness to pay for four types of plant-based beef patty product attributes, traceability, safety certification, brand, and price, using the multivariate logit (MNL) model. The results show that consumers show greater preference and willingness to pay for plant-based beef patties with strong traceability, fully disclosed safety certification information, and mature production technology. Consumers generally have strong brand preferences, while there are some differences in preference for other product attributes. In addition, environmentally-focused consumers have a greater degree of preference for traceable products. This study explores the micro decision mechanism of the purchase of plant-based meat products in developing countries. The research conclusions of this paper have guiding significance for businesses engaged in plant-based meat production and processing because of the addition and use of attribute tags. This study also has reference significance for the regulatory standards of decision-making departments and government investment.     

紫草蒽醌类成分的提取及其复合物栓的抗炎活性研究

目的：基于预防和治疗老年性阴道炎及妇科炎症等疾病,从开发绿色天然中药制剂出发,优选紫草复合物栓最佳提取工艺,并以抗炎活性为指标,优化紫草提取物在复合物中配比。方法：采用正交试验设计方法,以出膏率、总萘醌含量及左旋紫草素含量为综合指标进行工艺优选,二甲苯致炎实验优化处方配比。结果：紫草的最佳提取工艺为：浸泡4小时后,8倍量90%的乙醇渗漉。当紫草占处方总量的50%时,其抗炎活性最强。结论：优选的提取工艺,条件稳定,方法简单,可操作性强且成本低,可用于紫草复合物栓的制备。以活性为指标的处方筛选,为紫草复合物栓的有效性开发提供重要依据。     

三七渗漉提取工艺的研究

目的优选三七的最佳渗漉提取工艺。方法采用正交试验法,以三七总皂苷和三七总氨基酸为考察指标,对影响三七渗漉提取工艺的因素进行研究。结果乙醇浓度、乙醇用量、渗漉速度均对三七提取工艺有显著影响。结论三七的最佳渗漉提取工艺为用12倍量50%乙醇,渗漉速度为1～3mL/(min·kg)。     

抗心衰2号口服液对离体蛙心功能的影响

目的:观察抗心衰2号口服液对离体蛙心功能的影响。方法:采用仿八木一hartung法进行离体蛙心灌流,电动记纹鼓记录。结果:抗心衰2号口服液能明显增加离体蛙心的每分心排量(cardiac output简称CO),其增加效应从即刻开始增加17.0%),至35分钟达到峰效应时增加22.7%,抗心衰2号口服液对长轴缩短幅度呈明显的负性效应,其长轴缩短幅度在给药前后下降13.0%~31.0%。抗心衰2号口服液不增加心率。结论:抗心衰2号口服液在不增加心率和降低心脏长轴缩短幅度前提下能增加心排量。     

参乌胶囊对小鼠抗疲劳作用的实验研究

目的研究参乌胶囊对小鼠的抗疲劳作用,为参乌胶囊的进一步开发和应用提供依据。方法 SPF级雄性小鼠50只,随机分为5组,分别为空白对照组,阳性对照组,参乌胶囊高、中、低剂量组(900.0μg/g、450.0μg/g、225.0μg/g),连续灌胃给药14天,通过小鼠负重游泳实验,测定小鼠运动后血乳酸(LD)、尿素氮(BUN)、肝糖原、肌糖原、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)含量以及小鼠负重游泳力竭时间等指标。结果与空白对照组比较,参乌胶囊可以明显延长小鼠力竭游泳时间,提高肝糖原、肌糖原含量,增强LDH活性,降低血清BUN的浓度,差异均有统计学意义(P0.05,P0.01)。结论参乌胶囊具有一定的缓解疲劳作用。