Pancreatic arteriovenous malformation with duodenal ulcer

Summary We report the color Doppler ultrasonography features of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) of the pancreas, a very rare disease. The patient was a 52-year-old man with congenital AVM of the pancreas and a duodenal ulcer that had been resistant to medication. Endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (color Doppler EUS) revealed many abnormal color signals showing pulsatile wave form at the portion of the duodenal wall involving the duodenal ulcer. Extracorporeal color Doppler ultrasonography revealed a mosaic-like color signal, caused by turbulent flow, in the portal trunk. Angiography demonstrated a vascular network with extensive proliferation at the pancreatic head and early portal filling. It is possible that the pancreatic AVM had caused the duodenal ulcer. Color Doppler EUS can be a useful modality for detection of vessel abnormalities of the gastrointestinal tract.     

Measurable impact of acupuncture on mucosal swelling of inferior turbinates: a prospective,randomized, controlled study

Conclusions: Sham acupuncture turned out to be more effective than expected. The effect of acupuncture cannot be assessed by optical rhinometry (ORM). Objectives: In most cases nasal congestion is caused by hypertrophy of the inferior turbinate as a result of allergic and chronic rhinitis. Topical decongestants cause severe side effects. As a consequence, there is an increasing demand for alternative treatment options such as traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Methods: A total of 25 patients with nasal congestion due to hypertrophic inferior turbinate were recruited. The mucosal swelling status of the inferior turbinate was assessed by continuous ORM for 20 min. Patients were asked to score the severity of their nasal congestion on a visual analogue scale (VAS) before and 10 and 20 min after acupuncture. Specific verum acupuncture points related to nasal congestion were tested against non-specific control sham acupuncture points. Results: Sham acupuncture improved VAS scores, whereas ORM measured an increase in nasal swelling. The ORM revealed a quicker onset of the effect of verum acupuncture on the nasal blood flow. Also, verum acupuncture reaches its maximum effect in a shorter time period, so that the net reaction time was much shorter. However, ORM could not prove a decongestant effect of verum acupuncture on inferior turbinate.     

How does Helicobacter pylori cause duodenal ulcer disease: The bug, the host, or both?

Abstract Helicobacter pylori infection is the most common cause of duodenal ulcer disease, yet duodenal ulcer is an uncommon outcome of H. pylori infection. We reviewed the possible explanations such as differences in the host or in the strain of H. pylori. Host factors reviewed included genetic susceptibility to H. pylori infection and excess gastric acid secretion. The role of potential H. pylori virulence factors not present in all strains such as the cagA gene and the results of other molecular methods to identify disease-specific differences among isolates was also reviewed. Although cure of H. pylori infection resolves gastrin releasing peptide stimulated acid secretion there was no change in parietal cell mass. Twin studies have shown genetic differences in H. pylori susceptibility. There was no difference in the prevalence of the cagA gene between H. pylori infected asymptomatic volunteers and duodenal ulcer patients ( P = 1.0). DNA-DNA hybridization of whole genomic DNA in solution and cluster analysis of rep-PCR genomic DNA fingerprints suggest that isolates from patients with duodenal ulcer disease are different from those obtained from individuals with asymptomatic gastritis. Cluster analysis of the rep-PCR DNA fingerprints revealed two major groups of the strains; one set consisted of strains from patients with duodenal ulcer disease and the second cluster consisted largely of strains from individuals with asymptomatic gastritis. Recent molecular studies suggest that disease-specific cell lineages or strains may exist among H. pylori isolates leading to the various outcomes observed in patients with H. pylori infection.     

自我管理教育对吸毒伴胃、十二指肠溃疡穿孔患者生存质量的影响

目的探讨自我管理教育对吸毒伴胃、十二指肠溃疡穿孔患者生存质量的影响。方法对28例患者实施自我管理教育,6个月后比较干预前后患者药物成瘾者生存质量测定量表(QOL-DA)和自我护理能力测定量表(ESCA)得分情况。结果干预后患者心理功能、社会功能、戒断症状毒副作用及总分均比干预前明显提高(p<0.01),而躯体功能无明显改变(p>0.05);干预后患者ESCA各维度的得分显著提高(p<0.01)。结论自我管理教育不仅有利于吸毒伴胃、十二指肠溃疡穿孔患者的康复,而且能改善其生存质量。     

腹腔镜诊治新生儿十二指肠梗阻 34 例临床分析简

目的：探讨腹腔镜诊治新生儿十二指肠梗阻（CDO）的疗效,总结经验教训。方法：回顾性分析34例经腹腔镜诊断手术的CDO患儿的临床资料。结果：34例患儿中20例肠旋转不良,1例因术中肠管损伤中转进腹,19例完成腹腔镜Ladd术;环状胰腺10例施行腹腔镜十二指肠侧侧菱形吻合术;4例十二指肠隔膜样狭窄予纵形切开肠壁,切除部分隔膜后横行缝合肠管。手术时间90＆#177;23.2min（45-210min）,术后3-5天进食,1例环状胰腺出现吻合口漏,经引流和静脉营养等治疗后痊愈。术后获得随访29例,随访3-18个月,1例肠旋转不良术后2个月出现粘连性肠梗阻,予对症治疗后自愈,所有患儿生长发育正常。结论：腹腔镜诊治CDO具有创伤小、恢复快、切口美观等优点,值得推广,但初期实施要注意避免手术并发症。     

胆道、十二指肠支架置入治疗胆道合并十二指肠恶性梗阻

目的探讨胆道支架、十二指肠支架置入治疗胆道合并十二指肠恶性梗阻的临床价值。方法2008年1月～2013年12月,对24例同时存在胆道和十二指肠恶性梗阻的患者完成胆道支架、十二指肠支架置入,其中介入中心10例患者行经皮肝穿刺造影完成胆道金属支架置入（percutaneoustranshepaticinsertionofbiliarystent,PTIBS）,14例消化内镜中心患者行逆行胰胆管造影放置胆道金属支架（endoscopicretrogradecholangiopancreatography—guidedbiliarystent,ERCP．BS）,其中1例失败后改行经皮肝穿刺胆管外引流术不纳入随访研究。胆管支架置入术后1周完成十二指肠支架置入。观察手术成功率、临床症状缓解率、并发症、支架通畅时间及患者生存期等指标。结果联合支架置入成功率95．8％（23／24）,梗阻症状消失率87．0％（20／23）;十二指肠支架置入术后1周胃出口梗阻评分（2分6例,3分17例）较术前（O分6例,1分17例）明显改善（Z=-4．796,P=0．000）。胆道支架通畅时间（73．9±5．3）d,生存时间（93．0±4．9）d。十二指肠支架再发梗阻率17．4％（4／23）。均未出现严重并发症。结论胆道、十二指肠支架联合置入治疗恶性胆道、十二指肠梗阻安全有效。     

Malignant gastric outlet obstruction managed by endoscopic stenting: a prospective single-centre study

Objective. Endoscopic stenting for malignant gastric outlet obstruction was chosen as the primary strategy by which to palliate this complication, which is dominated by weight loss and anorexia. Advanced upper gastrointestinal tract cancers present late and life expectancy is limited. Only smaller multicentre studies point to endoscopic stenting as superior to surgery in terms of clinical outcome and cost. Material and methods. Forty-five consecutive patients with gastric outlet obstruction as a result of advanced upper GI-tract malignancy were enrolled in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. All patients were offered endoscopic stenting. Oral intake before and after stenting was assessed using the gastric outlet obstruction score system (GOOSS). Various lengths of duodenal Hanaro® self-expanding nitinol stents were delivered through a therapeutic endoscope. Outcome criteria were successful deployment, clinical effect, length of stay in hospital, survival, need for re-intervention and complications. Results. Forty-one patients (91%) were successfully stented. The mean pre-procedure GOOSS improved significantly from 0.39 (95% CI 0.22–0.56) to 2.29 (95% CI 2.01–2.58) after stenting (p<0.0001). Twenty-six patients (63%) improved GOOSS at least one point, whereas 5 patients (12%) did not change GOOSS at all. Mean length of hospital stay was 13 days (95% CI 9–17 days). Mean survival was 121 days (95% CI 62–181 days). Two patients (4%; numbers 6 and 19) sustained perforation without fatalities. Three patients (7%) had stent migration. Procedure-related mortality was zero. Conclusions. Palliative stenting for advanced malignant upper GI-tract tumours at a tertiary Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Unit is a safe, feasible and effective alternative to surgical bypass with a short hospital stay and prompt improvement of food intake.