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61.
Single fibres of three different types, which had been characterized histochemically with regard to differences in myofibrillar adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) activity and its pH stability, were microdissected from freeze dried preparations of the closer muscle in walking legs of the crab Eriphia spinifrons. Shortening velocities were determined in slack tests and under constant load conditions in maximally Ca2+-activated skinned muscle fibres. Force/pCa relationships were also measured for the different types of fibres. Compared with data on vertebrate muscles, all crab muscle fibres required large length changes to reach zero force and showed low Ca2+ sensitivity for isometric force generation. The length/time relationship obtained from slack tests had a biphasic course. Maximal velocity of filament sliding differed in the three types of fibres investigated. The filament sliding of type IV fibres was about 3 times faster than that of type I fibres. The values obtained for type II fibres ranged in between. These data are positively correlated with myofibrillar ATPase activity determined histochemically. Ca2+ sensitivity of force generation was lowest in the fast type IV fibres. It was high in the slow type I and the faster contracting type II fibres. Ca2+ sensitivity in crab muscle seems not to be correlated with speed of shortening. 相似文献
62.
目的 对近20年关于儿童退缩和人际关系相关的研究结果进行总结,了解退缩儿童的人际关系特点。方法 利用文献法整合国内外的相关研究,对儿童退缩和亲子关系、同伴关系和师生关系3种人际关系的相关的研究结果进行总结分析。结果 3种人际关系对儿童退缩行为的产生和发展有直接的、重要的影响。结论 社交退缩儿童具有不良的人际关系,通过改善儿童人际关系,将有助于矫正儿童退缩行为。 相似文献
63.
A new one-step computational procedure is presented for estimating the parameters of the nonlinear three-element windkessel
model of the arterial system incorporating a pressure-dependent compliance. The data required are pulsatile aortic pressure
and flow. The basic assumptions are a steadystate periodic regime and a purely elastic compliant element. By stating two conditions,
zero mean flow and zero mean power in the compliant element, peripheral and characteristic resistances are determined through
simple closed form formulas as functions of mean values of the square of aortic pressure, the square of aortic flow, and the
product of aortic pressure with aortic flow. The pressure across as well as the flow through the compliant element can be
then obtained so allowing the calculation of volume variation and compliance as functions of pressure. The feasibility of
this method is studied by applying it to both simulated and experimental data relative to different circulatory conditions
and comparing the results with those obtained by an iterative parameter optimization algorithm and with the actual values
when available. The conclusion is that the proposed method appears to be effective in identifying the three-element windkessel
even in the case of nonlinear compliance. 相似文献
64.
儿童退缩和同伴关系的相关 总被引:6,自引:2,他引:6
目的:用元分析方法对近20年关于儿童退缩和同伴关系相关的研究结果进行总结。方法:用多水平分析技术对儿童退缩和同伴接受的相关、退缩和同伴拒绝相关的研究结果进行总结分析。结果:儿童退缩和同伴接受之间有显著的负相关关系,退缩和同伴拒绝之间有低度的非负相关关系,各研究结果之间的变异显著。结论:退缩导致儿童不良的同伴关系。 相似文献
65.
K. J. Ullrich G. Rumrich K. Neiteler G. Fritzsch 《Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology》1992,420(1):29-38
In order to study the quantitative structure/activity relationship of organic cation transport across the contraluminal side of the proximal renal tubule cell, the stopped-flow capillary microperfusion method was applied and the inhibitory potency (apparent K
i values) of different homologous series of substrates against N
1-[3H]methylnicotinamide (NMeN+) transport was evaluated. Aniline and its ring- or N-substituted analogues as well as the aminonaphthalines do not interact with the contraluminal NMeN+ transporter except for the quaternary trimethylphenylammonium and pararosaniline, which bear a permanent positive charge, and for 1,8-bis-(dimethylamino)naphthaline, which forms an intramolecular hydrogen bond. If, however, one or more than one methylene group is interposed between the benzene ring and the amino group, the compounds interact with the contraluminal NMeN+ transporter in proportion to their hydrophobicity parameter, i.e. the octanol/water partition coefficient (log octanol). The catecholamines and other hydroxyl-substituted phenylethyl analogues also follow this rule. In addition, the N-heterocyclic pyridine, quinoline, isoquinoline and acridine analogues also interact with the contraluminal NMeN+ transporter, when their pK
a values are higher than 5.0, and, an inverse correlation between pK
a and log K
i, NMeN was observed. An exception to this rule are those hydroxy compounds of pyridine, quinoline and isoquinoline that show tautomerism. These compounds slightly inhibit NMeN+ transport despite low pK
a values. The quaternary nitrogen compounds of aniline and the N-heterocyclic analogues, as far as tested, all interact with the contraluminal NMeN+ transporter in relation to their hydrophobicity. The data indicate that the contraluminal NMeN+ transporter interacts with N-compounds according to their hydrophobicity and/or according to their basicity (affinity to protons). The reason for deviation of the aniline analogues and the OH-tautomeric heterocyclic N-compounds from this behaviour is discussed. 相似文献
66.
We examined the role of the type of support provided, gender of support provider, and relationship quality in predicting how
social support might influence cardiovascular reactivity during acute stress in women. A group of 88 women received either
emotional, instrumental, or no support from a close female or male friend while performing a series of speech tasks. Results
suggest that the effectiveness of social support for women depended primarily on the quality of the friendship (i.e., purely
positive, or ambivalent). More specifically, women who interacted with a female, ambivalent friend had the largest changes
in diastolic blood pressure, total peripheral resistance (TPR), and pre-ejection period compared to the other conditions.
Furthermore, receiving emotional support from a purely positive friend was related to lower increases in cardiac output (CO)
compared to a no-support condition. In contrast, receiving emotional support from an ambivalent friend was related to larger
increases in CO and only small changes in TPR when compared to individuals in the no-support condition. These data are discussed
in light of the psychosocial processes underlying social support effects in women, and the importance of a more comprehensive
view of how close relationships influence cardiovascular function.
This research was generously supported by Grant1 R01 MH58690-01 from the National Institute of Mental Health awarded to Bert
N. Uchino. 相似文献
67.
T. R. Tagirova V. I. Kapel'ko K. M. Karlyev 《Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine》1976,82(4):1458-1460
After preliminary adaptation of rats to heat (for 3 h daily at 35°C for 1 month) the amplitude of contractions of the isolated papillary muscles from the left ventricle at 28°C at high frequency was higher than in control animals. This difference persisted at 36°C and disappeared at 25°C. It is postulated that adaptation to heat leaves a definite structural imprint in heart muscle cells.Laboratory of Pathophysiology of the Heart, Institute of General Pathology and Pathological Physiology, Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Moscow. Institute of Physiology and Experimental Pathology of the Arid Zone, Academy of Sciences of the Turkmenian USSR, Ashkhabad. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR A. M. Chernukh.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 82, No. 10, pp. 1168–1170, October, 1976. 相似文献
68.
胡志雄 《北京生物医学工程》1994,(1)
作者假设血液为符合幂定律的非牛顿流体,对小动脉血管系统进行了详细的优化分析。导出了血流量与管径立方成正比的结论以及壁面切变率与管径无关的推论。此结果既包含了前人对于牛顿血流的研究成果,又能克服后者的不足,而与近期的生理测定一致。 相似文献
69.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the feasibility of using a behavioral coding system, the Five Minute Speech Sample (FMSS), to estimate the prevalence of relationship difficulties between parents and physicians in a pediatric asthma care setting. METHOD: The FMSS was administered to 20 parents of children with severe, chronic asthma and to the physicians they worked with during a brief day program admission. RESULTS: Rates of relationship difficulties between parents and physicians ranged from 15% to 40%, comparable to those previously identified in patient-therapist relationships in psychiatric populations. CONCLUSIONS: Although further information is needed about validity and reliability, the FMSS appears to provide clinically relevant information about the parent-physician relationship in the context of pediatric chronic illness. 相似文献
70.
Antonella Gambale Roberta Russo Immacolata Andolfo Lucia Quaglietta Gianluca De Rosa Valentina Contestabile Lucia De Martino Rita Genesio Piero Pignataro Sabrina Giglio Mario Capasso Rosanna Parasole Barbara Pasini Achille Iolascon 《Clinical genetics》2019,96(4):359-365
Cancer predisposition syndromes (CPS) result from germline pathogenic variants, and they are increasingly recognized in the etiology of many pediatric cancers. Herein, we report the genetic/genomic analysis of 40 pediatric patients enrolled from 2016 to 2018. Our diagnostic workflow was successful in 50% of screened cases. Overall, the proportion of CPS in our case series is 10.9% (20/184) of enrolled patients. Interestingly, 12.5% of patients achieved a conclusive diagnosis through the analysis of chromosomal imbalance. Indeed, we observed germline microdeletions/duplications of regions encompassing cancer-related genes in 50% of patients undergoing array-CGH: EIF3H duplication in a patient with infantile desmoplastic astrocytoma and low-grade Glioma; SLFN11 deletion, SOX4 duplication, and PARK2 partial deletion in three neuroblastoma patients; a PTPRD partial deletion in a child diagnosed with glioblastoma multiforme. Finally, we identified two cases due to DICER1 germline mutations. 相似文献