Beagle犬自体肾移植模型建立

目的完善Beagle犬自体肾移植模型构建方法,总结成功建立模型的经验。 方法选取18只成年Beagle犬随机分为假手术组和模型组,每组各9只。假手术组保留左肾,摘除右肾;模型组采用自体左肾异位肾移植,摘除右肾,实验操作者均为同一组医师。分布于术后第1、2、3、5、7、10、13、16、19、22、25和28天上午8点抽取静脉血,检测血清肌酐和尿素氮。采用两独立样本t检验比较假手术和模型组Beagle犬术后28天内血清肌酐和尿素氮。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。 结果模型组1只实验犬因血清肌酐持续升高且无好转迹象,于术后第7天行安乐死,解剖发现肾动脉血栓形成,移植肾坏死。其余8只模型组实验犬血清肌酐和尿素氮术后第2天短暂升高后逐渐降低并保存稳定,术后第1、2、3、5、7、10、13、16和19天血清肌酐和尿素氮水平均高于假手术组,差异均有统计学意义(t＝-4.544、-5.083、-5.171、-4.946、-5.460、-5.345、-3.757、-3.918和-3.435; t＝-4.810、-8.119、-10.379、-12.789、-15.210、-9.983、-5.014、-4.599和-2.657,P均<0.05)。模型组观察28天后予安乐死处理,解剖可见移植肾大小约7 cm×4 cm×2 cm,质地适中,肾周有肠道包裹,肾动脉与髂内动脉无血栓形成,肾静脉与髂外静脉回流正常。重建血管血流情况良好,输尿管及膀胱吻合口处未见狭窄。假手术组解剖后未见任何异常,剩余左肾呈现正常解剖形态,肾动脉、肾静脉与输尿管形态结构、位置关系均表现为正常生理状态。模型组实验犬移植肾组织HE染色光镜下可见肾组织结构改变轻微,肾小球分布均匀一致,包曼氏囊未见异常改变;肾小管上皮细胞呈方形或柱状,胞浆丰富,管腔结构完整,未见明显损伤;肾盂内可见中性粒细胞及浆细胞浸润。 结论通过实验成功摸索出Beagle犬自体肾移植围手术期管理方法,可使该动物模型制作简便、稳定性高,具有可重复性。     

Serum proteome of dogs at subclinical and clinical onset of canine leishmaniosis

The objective of this study was to identify changes in serum proteome in dogs that may occur after an experimental infection at subclinical and clinical stages of canine leishmaniosis (CanL). For this purpose, canine pre‐ and post‐infection with Leishmania infantum serum proteomes in the same dogs were analysed by a high‐throughput label‐based quantitative LC‐MS/MS proteomic approach. A total of 169 proteins were identified, and 74 of them including complement C8 alpha chain, adiponectin, transferrin, sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase acid‐like 3A and immunoglobulins showed different modulation between the different stages of CanL. These proteins could be considered as potential serum biomarkers of early diagnostic or disease progression in CanL. Additionally, biological pathways modulated during CanL such as blood coagulation or gonadotropin‐releasing hormone receptor were revealed, which could help to understand the pathological mechanisms of the disease.     

Clinical and spermatological findings in male dogs with acquired infertility: A retrospective analysis

A variety of causative factors of infertility in male dogs has been reported. In this study, the results of clinical examination and semen evaluation of 61 infertile stud dogs are described. Infertility was defined as conception failure of at least three matings with different bitches. The dogs, belonged to various breeds, were 4–8 years old and had a history of prior normal fertility. The dogs were subjected to clinical examination including ultrasonography of the prostate and testes. The semen was evaluated using CASA and microscopically morphology and live-dead spermatozoa. In all dogs, the semen parameters were outside the reference range, and mostly oligoastheno-teratozoospermia was found. There were also three cases of azoospermia. Thirty dogs showed no clinical abnormalities of the genital organ and no signs of systemic diseases, and testicular degeneration was assumed as the possible cause of infertility. In 20 dogs, BPH was diagnosed. In three dogs, infertility was associated with hypothyroidism. Three dogs had a history of babesiosis, and one dog prolonged ketoconazole treatment. One case each of chronic prostatitis, prostatic adenocarcinoma, epididymitis and retrograde ejaculation was diagnosed. The cause of acquired infertility could not be identified in almost half of the dogs. In other, infertility was often associated with prostate diseases.     

Stimulation of gastrointestinal motility by loperamide in dogs

The effects of loperamide on gastrointestinal motility were investigated in conscious fasted dogs chronically fitted with strain-gauge transducers on the antrum, the jejunum, and the colon. Oral administration of loperamide (0.1 mg/kg) induced, after a delay of 20–30 min, a long-lasting (8–12 hr) stimulation of gastrointestinal motility associated with a disorganization of the cyclic activity at the three levels investigated. These effects were reproduced by a subcutaneous administration at the same dose and were antagonized by previous intravenous administration of naloxone or a quaternary opiate antagonist. Intracolonic administration (0.1 mg/kg) stimulated, after a delay of 20–30 min, colonic motility only. Intracerebroventricular loperamide (1 g/kg) induced a long-lasting (15–20 hr) inhibition of the gastric motility and a short (2-hr) disorganization of the jejunal motor profile. These data show that oral loperamide stimulates gastrointestinal motility in dogs and involves peripheral opiate receptors.     

Evaluation of recombinant von Willebrand factor in a canine model of von Willebrand disease

Dutch Kooiker dogs with hereditary von Willebrand disease have undetectable levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF), resulting in spontaneous haemorrhage of mucosal surfaces similar to the clinical picture of von Willebrand disease in humans. We used this canine model of von Willebrand disease to study the in vivo effects of a new recombinant von Willebrand factor (rvWF) preparation that contained all species of vWF multimers compared with a rvWF fraction containing only low molecular weight multimers (LMW-rvWF) and with a plasma-derived factor VIII/vWF concentrate (pdvWF). Administration of rvWF in these vWF-deficient dogs resulted in a vWF:Ag half-life of 21.6 h in one dog and 22.1 h in a second dog. Administration of pdvWF resulted in a half-life for vWF:Ag of 7.7 h, and LMW-rvWF, 9 h. The in vivo recovery of vWF:Ag after administration of rvWF was 59%, 64% and 70% in three dogs, respectively; 33% after pdvWF, and 92% after LMW-rvWF. The in vivo recovery of ristocetin cofactor (RCoF) was 78%, 110% and 120% for rvWF, and 25% for pdvWF. Both rvWF and pdvWF caused increases in FVIII. Although no effect was seen on bleeding time at the dosages used, the rate of blood flow from cuticle wounds was reduced after a single bolus administration of rvWF. The rvWF was able to control a severe nose bleed in one dog.     

Novel Amdoparvovirus Infecting Farmed Raccoon Dogs and Arctic Foxes

A new amdoparvovirus, named raccoon dog and fox amdoparvovirus (RFAV), was identified in farmed sick raccoon dogs and arctic foxes. Phylogenetic analyses showed that RFAV belongs to a new species within the genus Amdoparvovirus of the family Parvoviridae. An RFAV strain was isolated in Crandell feline kidney cell culture.     

Investigation of Cardiovascular Effects of Tetrahydro-β-carboline sstr3 antagonists

相似文献   

一起一犬伤多人事件的综合处置与效果评价

目的通过对一起一犬伤多人事件综合处置过程与控制效果的评价,为今后类似事件的处置提供借鉴。方法对西安市新城区发生的一起一犬伤多人事件开展流行病学调查,采集肇事犬脑组织检测狂犬病病毒。采用描述性流行病学方法对资料进行分析。结果一犬伤多人事件共涉及暴露人员21名,Ⅲ级暴露者16人,Ⅱ级暴露者5人;所有暴露者均被找到,并按《狂犬病预防控制技术指南(2016年版)》进行伤口处置、疫苗接种和被动免疫制剂注射;肇事犬只被击毙,尸体进行焚烧深埋;肇事犬脑组织标本检测结果为狂犬病病毒阳性;1年随访期间所有暴露者均健康。结论一犬伤多人事件波及人数多、危害严重,及时、规范地处置暴露后伤口和全程接种疫苗是降低危害的关键。