Involvement of temperature sensitive syncytium inducing VSV or defective retroviruses in the development of spongiform encephalopathies

Various enveloped viruses can induce syncytia in competent cells. Some temperature-sensitive mutants can express the trans-membrane viral G antigen under non-permissive conditions. The G antigen can then migrate at long distances, engulfing thousands of cells without producing any virus. When a temperature-sensitive vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infects a sensitive host, and under the condition that the G antigen is expressed, spongiosis can be induced in the central nervous system in the absence of detectable virus multiplication. We postulate that such a mechanism might be observed with various enveloped viruses, as recently illustrated with knock-out mice experimentally infected with defective murine leukemia virus (MULV).     

解决医院科研经费管理中的瓶颈问题

目前,医院科研经费管理存在着管理界限模糊,经费保障链不顺畅、成本效益意识淡薄、资源配置不合理、奖惩监督机制缺失等问题,要解决这些问题,应该从加强内部管理上下工夫,不断地探索强化科研经费管理的新方法与新途径,为医院科研活动取得实质性成效提供强有力的财力保障,促进医院科研工作的持续健康发展。     

Towards a new approach to job-related distress: A three-sample study of the Occupational Depression Inventory

The Occupational Depression Inventory (ODI) was recently developed to assess depressive symptoms that individuals specifically attribute to their work. One purpose of the ODI is to respond to limitations of current assessments of job-related distress, most notably, assessments relying on the burnout construct. In this study, we conducted a thorough examination of the psychometric and structural properties of the ODI using exploratory structural equation modelling bifactor analysis and Mokken scale analysis. The study involved three samples of employed individuals, recruited in France (N = 3454), Switzerland (N = 1971), and Australia (N = 1485). Results were consistent across the three samples. The ODI exhibited essential unidimensionality and excellent total-score reliability―as indexed by McDonald's omega, Cronbach's alpha, Guttman's lambda-2, and the Molenaar-Sijtsma statistic. We found evidence for measurement invariance across sexes, age groups, and samples. Mokken scale analysis revealed that the ODI's scalability was strong. No monotonicity violation was detected. Invariant item ordering showed sufficient accuracy. In all three samples, suicidal ideation was the least commonly endorsed item―thus acting as a sentinel item―and fatigue/loss of energy was the most commonly endorsed item. The ODI exhibits excellent psychometric and structural properties, suggesting that occupational health specialists can effectively employ the instrument.     

关于《全国医疗服务价格项目规范(2010版)定价指导手册(征求意见稿)》的解读与思考

为了适应医疗卫生事业发展的需要,国家卫生部下发了《全国医疗服务价格项目规范(2010修订版)》的征求意见稿.在认真研究上述征求意见稿的基础上,对当前执行的2001版及2010修订版医疗服务价格项目的调整及变动进行对比分析,列举征求意见稿中存在异议尚需改进或说明的部分,为新的医疗服务价格项目规范的不断完善提出合理化建议.     

Detecting anomalous experiences in the community: The Transpersonal Experiences Questionnaire (TEQ)

Objectives

There is growing recognition of the value of researching anomalous experiences in the general population to aid our understanding of the psychosis continuum. There are key differences in aims, foci and epistemologies of existing measures, with varying utility for specific research designs. This study addresses gaps in the literature by developing a measure of anomalous experiences with utility for longitudinal (time-sensitive) research, and with particular reliability for people towards the upper (high scoring) end of the continuum.

Methods

An online sample was recruited from the general population to provide questionnaire data for two study parts: (A) item selection and (B) psychometric evaluation. For Part A, both classical test theory and item response theory methods were used to select which items to be included from an initial pool of 57, generated from individuals with persistent anomalous experiences. For Part B, psychometric properties of the resulting measure were evaluated using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and tests of reliability and validity.

Results

Scores were provided by 532 participants, from which a 19-item scale, the Transpersonal Experiences Questionnaire (TEQ), was developed. The TEQ was found to be a unidimensional scale, with satisfactory internal consistency (0.85), good test–retest reliability and convergent validity.

Conclusions

The TEQ can be used as a unidimensional scale to detect anomalous experiences in the general population, with particular reliability for people with higher incidence of these experiences.     

Examining the psychometric properties of the Swedish version of Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation–Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) in a clinical sample using classical test theory and item response theory

The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Swedish version of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation–Outcome Measure (CORE-OM) using classical test theory and item response theory (IRT). The CORE-OM is a commonly used 34-item self-report instrument measuring psychological problems/distress covering four domains: subjective well-being, problems/symptoms, functioning and risk. Despite its broad application, only a few studies have used IRT to examine the psychometric properties, and the properties of the Swedish version have only been examined in one initial study. The present study included 1,011 clients with mild to moderate symptoms of distress, applying for psychotherapy at an outpatient training clinic in Sweden. Clients' responses were subjected to classical item analyses as well as IRT (Rasch) analysis using the partial credit model. The classical analyses demonstrated high levels of internal consistency and acceptable levels of item discrimination for the majority of the items, although lower for some items, particularly in the Risk domain. IRT analyses showed that there was a rather good match between item and respondent locations and the measurement precision was high. Disordered step and average measures for some of the items in the Risk domain indicate that these items were problematic from a psychometric point of view and only applicable for a minority of the participants. Differential item functioning for gender in some of the items suggests that they might need to be revised to minimise potential gender bias.     

医疗项目成本核算的思路与方法探讨

目的:探讨新医改背景下医疗项目成本核算的思路、方法及模式.方法:采用作业成本法确定成本对象和成本类别,分析作业和成本动因,明确作业中心,确定间接成本集合,进行成本分析,最终进行核算.结果:手术、内科、护理等医疗项目亏损,医技项目盈利;总体盈不补亏,医疗项目年均亏损额占年均总收入比值高达11.83%.结论:该研究探讨的思路、方法和模式,有助于完善中国公立医院的成本核算与补偿机制研究,提高医院管理水平和体现医务人员真实劳动价值,并为政府加大对公立医院的财政投入提供参考依据.     

甲状腺滤泡癌组织中PD-L1与dMMR相关蛋白表达的关系及其临床意义

目的:探讨甲状腺滤泡癌组织中PD-L1与dMMR相关蛋白表达的关系及其临床意义.方法:收集2015年1月至2020年6月福建医科大学附属第二医院60例甲状腺滤泡癌患者的癌组织蜡块,再次经H-E染色确诊,采用免疫组化法检测癌组织和癌旁组织中PD-Ll的表达以及MMR系统4个基因(MLH1、MSH2、MSH6、PMS2)编...     

Sensing of concealed ventricular extrasystoles by pacemakers. Fifty years later

Whether a pacemaker can sense concealed ventricular extrasystoles still remains debatable since its occurrence was first proposed in 1972. It must remain a diagnosis of exclusion if it really exists. Isoelectric complexes and all the causes of oversensing especially discrete false signals generated by a defective pacemaker lead must be excluded before concealed ventricular extrasystoles can be postulated.