医患话语构建对医患关系的影响研究

文章采用当代中国话语研究新范式,从文化话语学的角度出发,着重分析当代中国医患话语的言语特征及其表现出来的医患关系现状,以及历史文化语境对医患话语的影响。并且在话语构建方面提出改善医患关系、创建和谐社会的建议。     

“We’re Just Targeted as the Flock That Has HIV”: Health Care Experiences of Members of the House/Ball Culture

The house/ball community is an understudied sub-group of young Black men who have sex with men and transgender persons in urban centers of the United States who affiliate in social structures called houses and gather at elaborate dance and performance events called balls. In Charlotte, North Carolina, 12 house/ball members were interviewed about their experiences with health care providers and their assessment of any barriers to care due to their affiliation with the rather clandestine house/ball sub-culture. Additionally, HIV-specific health care providers were interviewed, to assess their knowledge of the sub-culture. House/ball members reported both positive and negative perceptions of treatment by their health care providers with respect to their house/ball involvement. Some reported feeling stigmatized, especially around HIV status. Results showed that increased knowledge about the house/ball community could improve practitioners’ cultural competence, thereby reducing stigma-related barriers to care.     

Culturally (In)competent? Dismantling Health Care Barriers for Sexual Minority Women

Lesbian and bisexual (LB) women exhibit elevated rates of a variety of behaviors (i.e., smoking, excessive caloric intake, physical inactivity, heavy alcohol consumption) that put them at risk for adverse health consequences. Furthermore, LB women experience numerous barriers to obtaining culturally competent health care. In this article we review risk behaviors and health care barriers and we discuss the role of stress as an important contributing factor in LB women’s health outcomes. We suggest future research, health care delivery changes, and training improvements that will prepare social workers to effectively address the needs of their LB clients.     

Evolving beyond antiracism: Reflections on the experience of developing a cultural safety curriculum in a tertiary education setting

There is an inextricable link between cultural and clinical safety. In Australia high-profile Aboriginal deaths in custody, publicised institutional racism in health services and the international Black Lives Matter movement have cemented momentum to ensure culturally safe care. However, racism within health professionals and health professional students remains a barrier to increasing the number of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health professionals. The Australian Health Practitioner Regulation Agency's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Strategy's objective to ‘eliminate racism from the health system’, and the recent adoption of the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples led cultural safety definition, has instigated systems level reflections on decolonising practice. This article explores cultural safety as the conceptual antithesis to racism, examining its origins, and contemporary evolution led by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia, including its development in curriculum innovation. The application of cultural safety is explored using in-depth reflection, and the crucial development of integrating critical consciousness theory, as a precursor to culturally safe practice, is discussed. Novel approaches to university curriculum development are needed to facilitate culturally safe and decolonised learning and working environments, including the key considerations of non-Indigenous allyship and collaborative curriculum innovations and initiatives.     

Witchcraft branding and the abuse of African children in the UK: causes,effects and professional intervention

The branding of children as ‘witches’, capable of harming others is a widespread practice in some countries in Africa and across the world. There is evidence of this within specific communities and faith groups; however, the extent to which this phenomenon occurs in England is unclear as is the response by childcare professionals, statutory agencies and Voluntary Organisations. Between 2000 and 2010, at least six children lost their lives in different parts of the UK following periods of abuse, neglect and trauma linked to what is now known as abuse arising from being labelled ‘witches’. Each of these children, died because their parent or carer believed that they were responsible for ill luck, ill fortune and/or ill health that had befallen them and/or members of their families.Drawing upon a children's rights framework, this paper aims to provide a critical examination of child abuse that is caused by a belief that children can and are ‘witches’ or possess some evil spirits, making them capable of causing harm and discord within a family. Existing literature will be interrogated to provide some background and a historical context to this alarming and abusive practice.     

Cinematherapy with African American couples

Cinematherapy is the use of movies as an intervention with clients. When done well, it is used to evoke and process emotion, psychoeducate, increase empathy, and problem-solve. However, there is no literature on utilizing movies as an intervention with African American couples. Based on literature and research about culture-informed interventions and media literacy, cinematherapy with African American couples would be more meaningful and effective if clinicians utilize Black-oriented movies.     

Mentors' experiences of mentoring justice-involved adolescents: A narrative of developing cultural consciousness through connection

Mentoring provides a relational intervention that can promote positive youth development among adolescents who are involved in the juvenile justice system. The perspectives of mentors engaging these youth, particularly insights considered through a cultural humility lens, have been largely absent from the literature to date. This study examined predominately White, middle- to upper-class adult mentors' experiences mentoring racially diverse, working-class youth. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were completed with 23 mentors participating in a community-based mentoring program. Themes were derived from inductive content analysis. Emergent themes illustrative of the mentoring process included (a) establishing a connection despite differences, (b) identifying mentees' personal and environmental challenges, and (c) raising consciousness around structural issues. Despite coming from different backgrounds and experiences, mentors who worked with justice-involved adolescents were motivated to connect with their mentees. Mentors developed a greater awareness of structural challenges influencing adolescents by learning about the multifaceted experiences and needs of their mentees.     

本科护生多元文化护理能力培训课程的构建及效果评价

目的探讨基于Campinha-Bacote文化能力模型构建的本科护生多元文化护理能力培训课程并评价其效果。方法以Campinha-Bacote文化能力模型为指导,在文献分析和专家咨询的基础上构建本科护生多元文化护理能力培训课程。便利抽样法选取某高校122名大三本科护生为研究对象,按班级不同将其分为观察组(61人)和对照组(61人)。对照组接受常规护理教学,观察组在对照组的基础上接受为期8周的多元文化护理能力培训。培训前后,采用中文版文化能力量表和跨文化护理自我效能量表对两组护生进行测量。结果117名学生完成本研究。课程结束后,观察组护生文化能力总分、跨文化护理自我效能总分均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论基于Campinha-Bacote文化能力模型构建的多元文化护理能力培训课程具有一定的可行性,能在一定程度上提升护生的多元文化护理能力及自我效能。