丹皮紫外指纹图谱共有峰率和变异峰率双指标序列分析

目的：采用指纹图谱共有峰率和变异峰率双指标序列分析法分析丹皮类药材紫外指纹图谱。方法：本文用3种溶剂氯仿、无水乙醇及水，系统提取丹皮等不同极性区间成分，测定其紫外指纹图谱，研究样品的异同。结果：该方法可以准确对丹皮类药材进行细致的鉴别。结论：利用共有峰率和变异峰率双指标序列分析法可以对两个或多个样本进行可靠的鉴别。     

自愿戒毒患者提前出院的影响因素分析

目的:分析影响海洛因依赖患者自愿戒毒住院时间的有关因素,并提出应对措施.方法:以自拟的问卷对未满规定疗程提前出院的自愿戒毒者在出院时分别由患者自行填写和医生做出评估.结果:患者自填排列前4位的因素是:戒毒成功,身体已无不适;难忍心理渴求;生活单调乏味缺乏自由;生意上事需亲自去操办.医生评估排列前4位的是:难忍心理渴求;戒毒成功,身体已无不适;同伙鼓动、引诱;生活单调乏味缺乏自由.结论:现行自愿戒毒体制存在较大弊端--患者自由度过大,缺乏相应的约束机制.尽快出台有关自愿戒毒的法律、法规,推广自愿戒毒、强制管理戒毒模式.     

Prosopo-Thoracopagus Conjoined Twins and Other Cephalopagus-Thoracopagus Intermediates: Case Report and Review of the Literature

Prosopo-thoracopagus twins are united from the face down to the umbilicus, none with union in the brain but all with visceral anomalies intermediate between those of cephalopagus and thoracopagus. In a review of over 1200 cases of conjoined twins reported during the past 100 years, there were 14 that illustrate the continuum between cephalopagus and thoracopagus, including three that were united only from the cervical region to the umbilicus. Classic cephalopagus twins are joined from the top of the head to the umbilicus, sharing a single foregut as well as two relatively normal hearts, the “posterior” one often diminished. Typical thoracopagus, however, are conjoined only from the upper thorax to the umbilicus, each twin with a normal foregut but both sharing a single complex multiventricular heart. The intermediate cases shared either a single very abnormal heart or two hearts united by double aortic arches, and all except one had a single foregut. It is these cases intermediate between cephalopagus and thoracopagus which are the subject of this report. Received September 11, 1996; accepted December 16, 1996     

Safety, efficacy, and long-term results of a modified version of rapid opiate detoxification under general anaesthesia: a prospective study in methadone, heroin, codeine and morphine addicts

BACKGROUND: In the present study a method of rapid opiate detoxification under general anaesthesia has been evaluated regarding the safety, the efficacy in preventing withdrawal symptoms, and the long-term results. In addition, it was investigated whether the profile and severity of withdrawal symptoms depend on the type of opiate abused (methadone, heroin, codeine, morphine). METHODS: Seventy-two opiate addicts were detoxified in an intensive care unit (ICU). Anaesthesia was induced and maintained using propofol infusion. Patients were endotracheally intubated. The opiate receptor antagonist naltrexon was administered into the stomach via a nasogastric tube. Withdrawal symptoms before and after the detoxification treatment were assessed using an objective and a subjective opiate withdrawal scale (OOWS, SOWS). After detoxification patients entered a long-term naltrexone maintenance programme as well as a supportive psychotherapy programme. Vital organ function was monitored using haemodynamic and respiratory parameters as well as body temperature. RESULTS: Organ function parameters were stable during the whole treatment in all patients and no anaesthetic complications were registered. Minor side effects such as bradycardia or hypotension were observed in 20 patients. Compared to patients with pre-existing heroin, codeine, or morphine abuse respectively, patients from the methadone maintenance programme had significantly higher (P<0.01) OOWS as well as SOWS values after the treatment. Twelve months after the detoxification 49 patients (68%) were abstinent from opiates whereas 17 patients had relapsed during the period of follow-up. Six patients were lost during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Rapid opiate detoxification under general anaesthesia is a safe and efficient method to suppress withdrawal symptoms. This treatment may be of benefit in patients who particularly suffer from severe withdrawal symptoms during detoxification and who have failed repeatedly to complete conventional withdrawal. Methadone patients have more withdrawal symptoms than other opiate addicts.     

中药促进神经再生的实验研究

目的:观察中药对神经再生的作用。方法:以鸡胚背根神经节和大鼠腓总神经为实验对象,随机分为空白组和不同药物浓度实验组。采用体外培养法观察中药对神经节生长的影响。以手术暴露、钳夹法造成大鼠腓总神经损伤模型,灌胃给药,应用病理形态学技术和神经生理技术,观察腓总神经再生情况。结果:一定浓度的人参、黄芪、淫羊藿、党参、地龙、鹿茸、川芎组神经纤维长度较空白组长(P<0．05,P<0．01),当归、赤芍、骨碎补、桃仁、川续断组神经纤维长度与空白组比较无明显差异(P>0．05);红花、牛膝组神经长度较空白组短(P<0．05)。马钱子组在浓度为0．025％以下时,与空白组比较,神经纤维增长(P<0．05);浓度为0．05％以上时,与空白组比较,神经纤维缩短(P<0．05)。淫羊藿组神经增长与药物存在量效关系(P <0．05)。加味补阳还五汤组与对照组比较,髓鞘细胞排列密集、数量增多,轴索再生率高,并能促进神经传递的恢复(P<0．05)。结论:中药对神经再生具有影响,适宜的中药在适宜浓度下对神经再生具有促进作用。     

一个快速的多维数据包分类算法

通过引入位图映射以及元组空间的概念,提出了一个数据包分类算法,该算法可以满足高性能网络对骨干路由器的要求,能够以线速完成对输入数据包的分类处理。算法在时间及空间复杂度上性能较好,并具有很好的扩展性。     

中国药物依赖自愿戒毒机构的医院文化与医学伦理建设

药物依赖自愿戒毒机构的医院文化和医学伦理建设直接关系到其职能的实施和宗旨的贯彻.以现代生命伦理学和社会伦理学为内涵的医学伦理学是指导现代药物依赖临床医疗机构文化建设的重要基础之一;其对构建具有中国特色的医院文化和禁毒工作意义重大.     

复方对乙酰氨基酚胶囊治疗感冒发热、疼痛的疗效和安全性

目的:评价复方对乙酰氨基酚治疗由感冒引起的发热疼痛的效果及安全性。方法:随机双盲双模拟对照研究。入选139例,完成135例,其中A组(试验组n=68)服用复方对乙酰氨基酚胶囊+模拟片;B组(对照组n=67)服用对乙酰氨基酚片+模拟胶囊。2组按入组顺序服药,每日3次,疗程均为3~5d。观察2组疗效和不良反应。结果:试验组痊愈率为74 %,有效率达96 %,对照组痊愈率为69 %,有效率达91 % (P>0. 05),对发热和头痛的临床症状2组均有改善,试验组68例发热病人中有97 %病人恢复正常, 62例头痛病人有95 %的病人恢复正常;对照组65例发热病人和头痛病人分别有92 %和91 %恢复正常。试验组不良反应发生率为2 % (1 /68),对照组为3 % (2 /67) (P>0. 05)。未出现严重及预料之外的不良反应。结论:复方对乙酰氨基酚对治疗感冒具有明显的效果。2药的疗效相仿,无明显不良反应。     

青少年自愿戒毒者的特征及治疗对策

目的:了解青少年自愿戒毒者的特征,充分发挥戒毒机构在禁吸戒毒中的作用.方法:以2000年9月-2004年3月收治的3 035例自愿戒毒者的病案为原始资料,采用自行设计的项目进行统计分析.结果:本期收治的病例具有青少年男性、低文化程度、无业闲散人员占多数等人口学特征.吸毒类别以海洛因为主(97.24%)有多药滥用趋势.再次住院率约为33.31%.结论:充分发挥自愿戒毒机构的作用,对青少年加强禁吸戒毒宣传教育.     

Pentamer peptide from Fas antigen ligand inhibits tumor‐growth with solid‐bound form found by peptide array

Abstract: Despite their low molecular weight and simple structure, peptides regulate vital reactions of various cells. With higher standards of safety and purity required in clinical researches, chemically synthesized peptides are considered as an ideal alternative material for animal‐derived materials in the regulation of cellular events. However, effective high‐throughput assay for studying peptide‐cell interactions has not been established to design peptide with objective function. Here, we report the effectiveness of the utilization of peptide array combined with cell assay for the design of cell‐interactive peptides. As a model case, peptide that regulates tumor cell viability with support‐bound form was explored. By culturing cells on peptide array, we found a novel 5‐mer sequence CNNLP (Cys‐Asp‐Asp‐Leu‐Pro) that strongly inhibits viability of tumor cells (leukemia and adenocarcinoma) from human Fas antigen ligand. We here indicate the advantageous features of peptide array, which are ‘feasibility in examining combinatorial amino acid substitutions’ and ‘indicative data consist of effective and ineffective substitutions from an assay’, contributes greatly for studying peptide‐cell interaction. These features differentiate peptide array from other peptide library screening strategy. As a result, we succeeded in obtaining 29 novel tumor‐growth inhibitory peptides with it solid‐bound form, and structural rules that suggest ideal peptide design for acquiring objective peptide function.